Birmingham–Peterborough line
The Birmingham to Peterborough Line is a cross-country railway line in the United Kingdom, linking Birmingham, Leicester and Peterborough, via Nuneaton and Oakham.[1]
Since the Beeching Axe railway closures in the 1960s, it is the only direct railway link between the West Midlands and the East of England. The line is important for cross-country passenger services, East of Peterborough, the route gives access from the Midlands to various locations in the east of England, such as Ely, Cambridge and Stansted Airport via the West Anglia lines. It is also strategically important for freight, as it allows container trains from the Port of Felixstowe to travel to the Midlands and beyond.
History
The present route is an amalgamation of lines that were built by separate companies. The sections were:
- The route from Birmingham to Whitacre Junction was built for the Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway in 1840, which later became part of the Midland Railway.
- The line from Whitacre junction to Nuneaton was built by the Midland Railway, and opened in 1864.[2]
- The line between Nuneaton and Wigston was built by the South Leicestershire Railway and was also completed in 1864.[3]
- The section between Wigston and Syston via Leicester was built for the Midland Counties Railway (a forerunner of the Midland Railway) in 1840. It is now part of the Midland Main Line.
- The eastern section, the Syston and Peterborough Railway, was built for the Midland Railway and opened in 1846.
The entire route became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in the 1923 grouping, and the LMS was nationalised on 1 January 1948 as part of British Railways.
Most Birmingham-Leicester passenger trains were taken over by diesel units from 14 April 1958, taking about 79 minutes between the two cities.[4]
In 1977 the Parliamentary Select Committee on Nationalised Industries recommended considering electrification of more of Britain's rail network.[5] By 1979 BR presented a range of options to do so by 2000,[6] some of which included the Birmingham to Peterborough Line.[7] Under the 1979–90 Conservative governments that succeeded the 1976–79 Labour government, the proposal was not implemented.
The route was privatised in the 1990s as part of Railtrack and is now part of Network Rail.
Services
In the 1980s, local services were worked by Class 105 DMUs and longer distance services, such as those between Birmingham New Street and Norwich, were operated by formations of Class 31 locomotives with rakes of four Mark 1 carriages. From 1986 the first Sprinter trains operated on the line, Class 150s, subsequently replaced by Class 156 units from 1988. From this time, the service operated hourly between Birmingham New Street and Ely with alternate services serving Cambridge, from 1991 Stansted Airport, and Norwich.
Central Trains operated the route from privatisation, and for operational convenience combined services on the route either side of Birmingham New Street, which created through services such as Aberystwyth & Chester – Cambridge & Stansted Airport and Liverpool – Stansted Airport, although these were subsequently cut back - services to Aberystwyth ceased in 2001, although a few services continued to terminate at Shrewsbury until 2004, whilst Liverpool was removed in 2003 to improve performance.
The service in 2016 consists of two trains per hour between Birmingham and Leicester, one of the two calling at limited stops to Leicester and continuing to Stansted Airport via Peterborough, Ely and Cambridge, operated by CrossCountry. East Midlands Trains (EMT) operates a handful of services along the section between Syston and Peterborough (serving Melton Mowbray and Oakham) as part of its London (St Pancras) service via Corby. In addition, there are a few services between Nottingham and Norwich operated by EMT which also serve Stamford.
Cross Country services are exclusively worked by Class 170 units, while EMT services to Norwich use Class 158s and Class 222 for London services. In addition, EMT also operate an evening Spalding to Nottingham service which is worked by a Class 153.
Freight trains use the route between the West Midlands and the East Anglia, primarily container trains to the Port of Felixstowe and sand trains to King's Lynn.
Current developments
Felixstowe and Nuneaton freight capacity scheme
| Proposer | Network Rail |
|---|---|
| Cost estimate | £291 million |
| Completion date | 2014 |
This is a large project with a number of elements that will allow more railfreight traffic between the Haven ports and the Midlands. The work was prompted by the 'Felixstowe South' expansion at the Port of Felixstowe. It is also in response to the predicted increase in the number of high-cube (Hi-cube) shipping containers arriving at the ports that cannot currently be accommodated on the route. The percentage of high-cube containers is expected to increase from 30% in 2007 to 50% in 2012. Without loading gauge enhancement these larger containers would have to be transported by road or via a longer rail route via London that is already operating at capacity.[8] Network Rail completed the gauge enhancement from Ipswich to Peterborough in 2008.[9] Work will take place in three phases:
- Phase 1
- Phase 2a[10]
- Dualling 8 km of the Felixstowe Branch Line[9]
- Dualling the Ipswich to Ely Line between Soham Junction and Ely
- Removing speed restrictions for freight trains between Ipswich and Peterborough
- Phase 2b
- Capacity enhancement Peterborough to Nuneaton during CP5[10]
The work, detailed in the Network Rail Freight Route Utilisation Strategy, should be completed by 2014.[11] at an estimated cost of £291 million.[10]
The government is providing £80 million[12] and it will also receive £5 million from Network Rail and £1 million from the East of England Development Agency.[13] It has been estimated that the scheme would take 225,000 lorries off the road.[14]
In February 2010 Network Rail confirmed that it would construct the 1 km 'Bacon Chord' in Ipswich to allow trains to travel between the East Suffolk Line and the Ipswich to Ely Line without reversing into Ipswich Station and to also perform work to increase capacity between Ely to Peterborough Line at a total cost of £50m.[15] It was stated that the work would 'take 750,000 lorries off the roads'.[15]
Peterborough to Nuneaton Gauge (W10)
Enhancement of a section of the Birmingham to Peterborough Line involving the reconstruction of 14 bridges, 11 tracking lowering/slewing schemes and one accommodation bridge. The cost is estimated at £40.5 million.[10] The West Coast Main Line is already cleared to W10 and the route from Nuneaton to Birmingham is already cleared to W12.[16] W10 gauge clearance was achieved on 4 April 2011 and GBRf trains requiring W10 gauge began using the route that day.[citation needed]
Nuneaton North Chord
The Nuneaton North Chord was completed and opened on 15 November 2012.[17] The chord allows freight traffic approaching Nuneaton from Felixstowe via the Birmingham-Peterborough Line to proceed north on the West Coast Main Line without conflicting with southbound main-line trains.[18] It consists of a one-mile chord from the existing flyover over the West Coast Main Line to join the line to the north.[19] The cost of this work was £25.6 million.[10] A Transport & Works Act Order for the Nuneaton North Chord was granted by the Secretary of State for Transport in July 2010.[20] Work began in mid-2011.[18]
References
- ^ a b "Route 19 - Midland Main Line and East Midlands" (PDF). Network Rail. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
- ^ Pixton, B (2005). Birmingham-Derby: Portrait of a Famous Route. Runpast Publishing. p. not cited.
- ^ [1] Archived 25 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Railway Magazine June 1958 p. 432
- ^ Anonymous & Winter 1979, p. 0.
- ^ Anonymous & Winter 1979, p. 2.
- ^ Anonymous & Winter 1979, p. 8.
- ^ "£132m boost for rail freight". Archived from the original on 5 October 2011.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Future development". Port of Felixstowe. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Presentation to Regional Transport Forum". Network Rail. 10 February 2009. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 29 September 2009.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Enhancements programme: statement of scope, outputs and milestones" (PDF). Network Rail. 31 March 2009. Retrieved 29 September 2009.
- ^ "Government puts £132M into four rail freight schemes". New Civil Engineer. 30 October 2007. (subscription required)
- ^ "Freight line should boost port". Ipswich Star. 21 November 2007.
- ^ "Rail plan will mean 225,000 fewer HGVs". Evening Telegraph. Peterborough. 9 May 2008.
- ^ a b "£50m rail upgrade gets the go ahead". East Anglian Daily Times. Ipswich. 5 February 2010. Retrieved 22 February 2010.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Felixstowe – Nuneaton".[failed verification]
- ^ "Nuneaton North chord freight line now open" (Press release). Network Rail. 15 November 2012.
- ^ a b "Work starts on Nuneaton chord". Rail. Peterborough. 10 August 2011. p. 20.
- ^ "Nuneaton North Chord". Network Rail. Retrieved 26 January 2011.
- ^ "The Network Rail (Nuneaton North Chord) Order Plans and Sections" (PDF). Network Rail. Retrieved 11 January 2010.[dead link]
Sources
- Railway Electrification. British Railways Board (Central Publicity Unit). Winter 1979. pp. 0–2, 8.
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- Rail transport in Warwickshire
- Rail transport in Leicestershire
- Rail transport in Lincolnshire
- Rail transport in Cambridgeshire
- Transport in Peterborough
- Transport in Rutland
- Railway lines in the East of England
- Railway lines in the East Midlands
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- Standard gauge railways in England