Copper(I) hydroxide
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names
Cuprous hydroxide; Copper monohydroxide
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
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| Properties | |
| CuOH | |
| Molar mass | 80.55 g/mol |
| Hazards | |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible)
|
TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)[1] |
REL (Recommended)
|
TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)[1] |
IDLH (Immediate danger)
|
TWA 100 mg/m3 (as Cu)[1] |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Copper(I) hydroxide is the hydroxide of the metal copper with the chemical formula of CuOH. It is a mild, highly unstable alkali. The color of pure CuOH is yellow or orange-yellow,[2] but it usually appears rather dark red because of impurities. It is extremely easily oxidized even at room temperature.
Preparation
Copper(I) hydroxide can be prepared according to the following reaction:
![{\displaystyle \overbrace {\ce {32S2O3^{2}-}} ^{\ce {thiosulfate}}+{\ce {{32Cu^{2}+}+16H2O->[\overbrace {\ce {CH3CH2OH}} ^{\ce {ethanol}}]32CuOH(v)}}+\overbrace {\ce {3S8}} ^{\ce {sulfur}}+\overbrace {\ce {8S4O6^{2}-}} ^{\ce {tetrathionate}}+\overbrace {\ce {8SO4^{2}-}} ^{\ce {sulfate}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d4b7f0ad42355144a4c2e2ea6b92c093a0c86b82)
In this reaction, ethanol serves as a catalyst. It can also be a solvent for the byproduct sulfur and thus get rid of it.
Another method is by the double decomposition of CuCl and NaOH：
Notably, this method is rarely used because the CuOH produced will gradually dehydrate and eventually turn into Cu2O.
Reactions
Similar to iron(II) hydroxide , copper(I) hydroxide can easily oxidise into copper(II) hydroxide:
References
- ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0150". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Soroka, Inna L.; Shchukarev, Andrey; Jonsson, Mats; Tarakina, Nadezda V.; Korzhavyi, Pavel A. (2013). "Cuprous hydroxide in a solid form: does it exist?". Dalton Transactions. 42 (26): 9585. doi:10.1039/C3DT50351H.
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