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Karol J. Bobko

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Karol J. Bobko
Bobko in 1979
Born
Karol Joseph Bobko

(1937-12-23)December 23, 1937
New York City, New York, U.S.
DiedAugust 17, 2023(2023-08-17) (aged 85)
NationalityAmerican
Other namesBo Bobko
Alma materUSAFA, B.S. 1959
USC, M.S. 1970
OccupationTest pilot
Awards
Space career
USAF, NASA Astronaut
Rank Colonel, USAF
Time in space
16d 02h 03m
Selection1966 USAF MOL Group 2
1969 NASA Group 7
MissionsSTS-6, STS-51-D, STS-51-J
Mission insignia
RetirementJanuary 1, 1989

Karol Joseph "Bo" Bobko (December 23, 1937 – August 17, 2023) was an American aerospace engineer, U.S. Air Force officer, test pilot, and a USAF and NASA astronaut. Bobko was the first graduate of the US Air Force Academy to travel in space.[1]

Early life

Karol Joseph Bobko was born on December 23, 1937, in Queens, New York,[2] to a family with Polish and Lithuanian roots.[3][4][5] He graduated from Brooklyn Technical High School, New York, in 1955, then received a Bachelor of Science degree from the United States Air Force Academy in 1959, and a Master of Science degree in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Southern California in 1970.[6]

Military service

Bobko was a member of the first graduating class of the U.S. Air Force Academy.[7] Subsequent to receiving his commission and navigator rating, he attended pilot training at Bartow Air Base, Florida, and Vance Air Force Base, Oklahoma. He completed his flight training and received his pilot wings in 1960.[3]

From 1961 to 1965, he flew F-100 and F-105 aircraft while assigned as a pilot with the 523d Tactical Fighter Squadron at Cannon Air Force Base, New Mexico, and the 336th Tactical Fighter Squadron at Seymour Johnson Air Force Base, North Carolina. He attended the Aerospace Research Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base, California, and was assigned as an astronaut to the USAF Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL) program in 1966.[7][8]

Bobko logged over 6,600 hours flight time in the F-100, F-104, F-105, T-33, T-38, and other aircrafts.[3]

NASA career

Bobko became part of NASA Astronaut Group 7 in September 1969 after the cancellation of the Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL) program. He was a crewmember on the highly successful Skylab Medical Experiment Altitude Test (SMEAT) -- a 56-day ground simulation of the Skylab mission, enabling crewmen to collect medical experiments baseline data and evaluate equipment, operations and procedures.[7]

Bobko was a member of the astronaut support crew for the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). This historic first international manned space flight was completed in July 1975. Subsequently, he was a member of the support crew for the Space Shuttle Approach and Landing Tests conducted at Edwards Air Force Base. He served alternately as CAPCOM and prime chase pilot during these Approach and Landing Test (ALT) flights.[3]

In preparation for the first flight of Columbia (STS-1) Bobko served as the lead astronaut in the test and checkout group at Kennedy Space Center.[3]

A veteran of three space flights, Bobko logged a total of 386 hours in space. He was the pilot on STS-6 (April 4–9, 1983); and was the mission commander on STS-51-D (April 12–19, 1985) and STS-51-J (October 3–7, 1985).[3]

Spaceflight experience

Main article: STS-6
Bobko with fellow astronaut Paul J. Weitz (left) during training for STS-6

Bobko was pilot for STS-6, which launched from Kennedy Space Center in Florida, on April 4, 1983. During the maiden voyage of Challenger, the crew deployed a large communications satellite (TDRS-1) and the rocket stage (Inertial Upper Stage) required to boost it to geosynchronous orbit.[7] The STS-6 crew also conducted the first Shuttle spacewalk (EVA) and additionally conducted numerous other experiments in materials processing and the recording of lightning activities from space.[7] There were also three Getaway Specials activated on the flight. After 120 hours of orbital operations, Challenger landed on the concrete runway at Edwards Air Force Base in California, on April 9, 1983.[9]

Main article: STS-51-D
Bobko with U.S. Senator Jake Garn (left) during the STS-51-D mission

On his second mission, Bobko was the commander of STS-51-D which launched from Kennedy Space Center on April 12, 1985.[7] The mission was to deploy two communications satellites, perform electrophoresis and echocardiograph operations in space, in addition to accomplishing other experiments. When one of the communications satellites malfunctioned, the first unscheduled spacewalk was made to activate the satellite which required rendezvous and operations with the remote manipulator arm.[7] After 168 hours of orbital operations, Discovery landed on Runway 33 at Kennedy Space Center on April 19, 1985.[10]

Main article: STS-51-J

Bobko's final flight was as commander of STS-51-J, the second Space Shuttle Department of Defense mission, which launched from Kennedy Space Center on October 3, 1985.[7] This mission carried classified payloads for the Department of Defense and was the second time that a Shuttle mission was used solely for Department of Defense activities.[7] This was the maiden voyage of Atlantis. After 98 hours of orbital operations, Atlantis landed on Edwards Air Force Base Lakebed Runway 23 on October 7, 1985. Bobko became the first person to fly on three different Space Shuttles.[11]

Post-NASA career

In 1988, Bobko retired from NASA and the Air Force to join the firm of Booz Allen Hamilton, in Houston, Texas.[7] At Booz Allen he was a principal and managed efforts dealing with human space flight. His areas of emphasis were: high performance training simulation, hardware and software systems engineering, spacecraft checkout and testing, space station development and program integration.[3]

In 2000, Bobko joined SPACEHAB, Inc. in Houston, Texas, where he was Vice President for Strategic Programs.[7] He led an organization which develops concepts, processes and hardware for future spaceflight applications.[3] In 2005, Bobko joined Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) as Program Manager for the NASA Ames Research Center Simulation Laboratories (SimLabs) contract.[7]

Personal life and death

Bobko was married to F. Dianne Welsh and had a daughter and a son.[3] He resided with his wife in Half Moon Bay, California.

Karol J. Bobko died on August 17, 2023, at the age of 85.[12]

Awards and honors

References

  1. ^ "THIS IS WHY THE AIR FORCE ACADEMY IS LEADING THE WAY IN SPACE". US Air Force Academy. 12 October 2017. Archived from the original on 11 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  2. ^ "MEN IN THE NEWS: PAUL J. WEITZ". New York Times. April 5, 1983. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "KAROL J. BOBKO (COLONEL, USAF, RET.) NASA ASTRONAUT (FORMER)" (PDF). NASA. January 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
  4. ^ Lecture of NASA Astronaut Karol J. Bobko
  5. ^ "Visit of Dr. Simon P. Worden, Director of the NASA Ames Research Center, and COL Karol J. Bobko, Former NASA Astronaut". Archived from the original on 2012-04-06. Retrieved 2011-11-15.
  6. ^ "Trojans in Space". University of Southern California. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Pearlman, Robert (January 13, 2011). "Shuttle Commander, Record Spacewalker Chosen for Astronaut Hall of Fame". Space.com. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
  8. ^ "The Contrails: Notable Graduates". U.S. Air Force Academy Public Affairs. April 26, 2016. Retrieved January 17, 2018.
  9. ^ "STS-6". NASA. November 23, 2007. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  10. ^ "STS-51D". NASA. February 18, 2010. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  11. ^ Blakeslee, Sandra. "Astronauts return from secret" (sic) The New York Times, 8 October 1985.
  12. ^ "Karol 'Bo' Bobko, astronaut who flew 3 shuttle missions, dies at 85". Collect Space. 18 August 2023. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  13. ^ a b c d e f Shayler, David; Burgess, Colin (June 19, 2017). The Last of NASA's Original Pilot Astronauts: Expanding the Space Frontier in the Late Sixties. Springer. p. 364.
  14. ^ Bleyer, Bill (May 17, 2010). "Cradle of Aviation hall of fame adds 3 inductees". Newsday. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
  15. ^ Todd Halvorson (2011-01-11). "2 head for U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame". Florida Today. Archived from the original on 2014-08-09. Retrieved 2011-01-12.
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