List of animal names: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 05:54, 26 November 2010
This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2007) |
Template:Animalnouns This list gives names of animals used depending on the context. Many species of animals, particularly those domesticated, have been given specific names for the male, the female, and the young of the species. There are a few generic terms, "bull-cow-calf", for instance, that are found across species, but many species have been granted unique names for these gender/age characteristics. An empty table cell indicates incomplete data and should not be interpreted to mean that the animal does not have a specific name of that type. However, a table cell with a dash in it signifies that no term for the indicated combination exists.
It is thought that many of the bizarre words used for collective groupings of animals were first published in 1486 in the Book of St. Albans, in an essay on hunting attributed to a Dame Juliana Barnes. Many of the words are thought to be chosen simply for the humorous or poetic images they conjured up in her lively imagination.[1]
Most terms used here may be found in common dictionaries and general information web sites.[2][3][4]
See also: List of collective nouns.
Generic terms
This table contains terms generally applicable across some common categories of animals.
Animal | Young | Female | Male | Group | Adjective | Meat |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bird | chick | hen | cock | flock | avian | poultry (if domesticated) |
Bovine | calf | cow | bull | herd | bovine | |
Canine | pup[5] | bitch | dog[note 1] | pack | canine | |
Feline | kitten, cub | cat | tom | feline | ||
Fish | fry, fingerling | school, shoal | piscine, ichthyic |
Terms by species
Note that the table can be sorted by columns, by clicking the double-arrow symbols.
Animal | Young | Female | Male | Group | Adjective | Meat |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aardvark | cub | sow | boar | pack, grouping, maelstrom | ||
African buffalo | calf | cow | bull | |||
Alligator | hatchling | cow | bull | bask, congregation[6] | eusuchian | |
American Bison (Buffalo) | calf | cow | bull | herd | bovine, bubaline | |
Ant | larva, pupa | queen, worker, gyne | drone | army, colony, nest, swarm, byke | formic, myrmecine | |
Anteater | pup | sow | boar | |||
Antelope | calf[7] | doe | buck | herd, cluster | alcelaphine, bubaline, antilopine | |
Ape | infant | — | — | shrewdness, troop | simian | |
Armadillo | pup, baby | sow | boar | herd, arrangement, pack | cingulatan | |
Ass/Donkey | foal | jenny | jack | pace, band, drove, herd, coffle | asinine | |
Baboon | infant | — | troop, tribe, flange[note 2][2], congress [citation needed] | |||
Badger | cub | sow | boar | cete, colony, sett, company | musteline | |
Bat | pup | — | — | colony, cloud, cauldron | pteropine, noctillionine | |
Bear | cub[8] | sow | boar | sleuth, sloth | ursine | |
Beaver | kit, kitten, pup | — | — | family, colony | ||
Bee | larva, pupa | queen, worker [note 3] | drone | grist, hive, swarm, colony | apic, apian, apiarian | |
Bison | calf | cow | bull | herd, troop | ||
Boar | shoat | sounder | ||||
Bush baby | infant | queen | king, drake | congress, plot, gathering | galagine | |
Butterfly | caterpillar | rabble, flight, flutter, swarm | pieridine, pierine | |||
Camel | calf | cow | bull | flock,herd | camelid, cameline | |
Cat | kitten, kit | molly, queen | tom [note 4] | clowder, clan,cluster[2], clutter, glaring[2], kindle (young) | feline | |
Cattle[note 5] | calf[9] | cow[10] | bull | herd, drift[2], drove, mob | bovine[note 6], vituline (young), vaccine (female), taurine (male) | beef, veal |
Chamois | calf | doe | bull | herd | rupicaprine | |
Cheetah | cub | coalition | ||||
Chicken | chick, peep | hen, pullet | rooster, cock(-erel)[note 7] | flock, brood | galline | poultry |
Chimpanzee | infant | empress | blackback | troop, group, harem | panine | |
Cobra | quiver[11], has | elapid | ||||
Cockroach | nymph | intrusion[11] | blattid | |||
Cormorant | chick | gulp[11], flight | ||||
Cougar | cub | cougress | schoolyard | |||
Coyote | cub, pup, whelp | bitch | dog | pack, train | canine | |
Crab | — | hen | cock, jimmy | consortium | cancrine | |
Crane | chick, colt[12] | herd, sedge, siege | alectorine | |||
Crocodile | hatchling | cow | bull | bask, nest, congregation, float | crocodilian | |
Crow | hover, murder, parcel[2] | corvine | ||||
Deer | calf,[7] fawn | doe, hind, cow[7] | buck, stag, bull[7], hart (red deer) | herd, mob, rangale[2] | cervine, elaphine | venison, humble (organ meat) |
Dog | whelp, pup[5], puppy | bitch, dam | dog, stud, sire | pack, litter (young), kennel, gang, legion | canine | |
Dogfish | troop[2] | capeshark (USA), rock salmon (UK), flake (UK, AUS), huss (UK), rigg (UK), kahada (CAN)[13] | ||||
Dolphin | calf, pup | cow | bull | team, school, pod, herd, team[2], alliance (male), party (female) | delphine | |
Donkey/Ass | foal | jenny | jack | pace, band, drove, herd, coffle | asinine | |
Dove | chick | hen | cock | cote, flight, dole, dule, piteousness,[2] troop | columbine | |
Dragonfly | nymph | queen | king, drake | cluster, flight | anisopteran | |
Duck | duckling | duck, hen | drake | flock, brace, bunch (on water)[2], team[note 8] | anatine, fuliguline | poultry |
Dugong | calf | cow | bull | herd, nutcluster | dugongine | |
Eagle | eaglet | — | — | convocation, brood, aerie | aquiline | |
Echidna | puggle | sow | boar | flock, parade, herd | tachyglossine | |
Eel | leptocephalus (larva), elver (juvenile) | — | — | swarm, cell, pipe, array | ||
Eland | calf | |||||
Elephant | calf[9] | cow[10] | bull[14] | herd, flock, parade | elephantine | |
Elephant seal | calf | cow | bull | herd, pack, arrangement | miroungan | |
Elk (wapiti) | calf[7] | cow[7] | bull[7] | gang, herd | cervine | venison |
Falcon | eyass/eyas | falcon | tiercel | gross, battalion | acciptrine | |
Ferret | kit | jill | hob[note 9] | business, fesny(i)ng | musteline | |
Finch | chick | hen | cock | quiver | fringilline | |
Fly | maggot | swarm, cloud, business | dipterous | |||
Fox | cub[8], kit, pup[5] | vixen | tod, dog | leash, skulk | vulpine | |
Frog | polliwog, tadpole, froglet | - | - | colony,bundle | ranine | |
Gaur | calf | cow | bull | herd | bovine, gaurine | garabeef |
Gazelle | calf[7] | cow[7] | bull[7] | herd | gazelline | |
Gerbil | pup | doe | buck | horde | cricetine | |
Giant Panda | cub | sow | boar | |||
Giraffe | calf, giraffeling | cow | bull | herd, journey, stretch, tower | giraffine | |
Gnu | calf | briefcase | ||||
Goat | kid | doe, doeling | buck[note 10], buckling | herd, mob, tribe | caprine, hircine | chevon, cabrito, mutton |
Goose | gosling | goose | gander | gaggle (skein when in flight)[note 8] | anatine, anserine | poultry |
Gorilla | infant | — | blackback, silverback |
troop, group (band), flange | simian | |
Guanaco | chulengo | camelid | ||||
Guinea fowl | chick | hen | cock | rasp | numidine | poultry |
Guinea pig | pup | sow | boar | herd | ||
Gull | chick, scorrie[15] | hen | cock | flock | larine | |
Hamster | pup | doe | buck | horde, saladbowl[citation needed] | cricetid | |
Hare | leveret | doe, jill | buck, jack | band, down | leverine, leporine | |
Hawk | eyas | hen | tiercel | cast, kettle, boil[note 11] | accipitrine, falconine | |
Hedgehog | hoglet | sow | boar | array[2] | erinaceine | |
Heron | siege[note 8] | |||||
Hippopotamus | calf | cow | bull | bloat, crash, herd, thunder[11] | hippopotamine | |
Hornet | larvae, pupae | queen | drone | swarm | vespine | |
Horse[note 12] | foal, colt (male), filly (female) | mare | stallion | herd, band, mob | equine | |
Human | child, girl, boy | woman | man | people, band, crowd, clan, tribe, children (young) | human | long pig[16] (See cannibalism) |
Hyena | cub, pup, whelp | bitch | dog | clan, cackle | hyenine | |
Iguana | Lizard | cow | dragon | |||
Jackal | pup | pack | ||||
Jaguar | cub | shadow | ||||
Jellyfish | planula, polyp, ephyra[17] | sow | boar | smack[2], smuck[2], smuth[18], fluther[3], bloom | sycophozan | |
Kangaroo | joey | flyer, doe | boomer, buck | mob, troop, court | macropodine | |
Komodo dragon | hatchling, chick, calf | cow, hen | bull, cock | bank | varanine | |
Kouprey | calf | cow | bull | herd | sauveline, bovine | |
Kudu | calf | fork| | ||||
Lark | chick | hen | cock | exaltation | alaudine | |
Lemur | infant | princess | dictator | plot, congress, conspiracy | lemurine | |
Leopard | cub | leopardess | leopard | leap, lepe | pardine | |
Lion | cub[8] | lioness | lion | pride | leonine | |
Llama | cria | hembra | macho | herd, flock | camelid | |
Loris | infant | doe | buck | colony, drove, harem, troop | lorisine | |
Louse | nymph | — | — | colony, infestation, lice | pediculine | |
Lobster | hen[3] | cock[3] | risk | homarine | ||
Lyrebird | hen | cock | musket | menurine | ||
Magpie | chick | hen | cock | tiding, tittering, gulp, murder, charm, flock | garruline | |
Mallard | duckling | hen | drake | sord, lute, brace, puddling, flush | anatine | poultry |
Manatee | calf | cow | bull | herd | manatine, sirenian | |
Meerkat | pup | — | — | mob, clan, gang | ||
Mink | cub, kit | sow | boar | musteline | ||
Mole | pup | sow | boar | labour, company, movement | talpine | |
Monkey | infant | — | — | troop, barrel, tribe, cartload | simian | |
Moose | calf[7] | cow[7] | bull[14][7] | herd | cervine | venison |
Mouse | pinkie, kitten, pup | doe | buck | nest, colony, harvest, horde, mischief | murine | pinkie/fuzzie/hopper (pet food) |
Mosquito | nymph, wriggler, tumbler | — | — | scourge, swarm, cloud | aedine, anopheline | |
Mule | foal | molly, mare mule | john, horse mule | barren, pack, span, rake | ||
Nightingale | chick | hen | cock | watch, flock, route, match | philomelian | |
Okapi | calf | cow | bull | herd | okapine | |
Oryx | calf | |||||
Ostrich | hatchling, chick | flock, troop | ratite, struthious | |||
Otter | pup, whelp | sow | boar | romp, bevy, lodge, family, raft | musteline, lutrine | |
Owl | owlet | parliament, stare, wisdom | strigine | |||
Ox | calf | cow | bull | yoke, team, drove, herd, nye | bovine | |
Oyster | spat | bed, hive, cast, culch | ostracine | meat | ||
Panther | cub | pantheress | pantherine | |||
Partridge | chick, cheeper | hen, chantelle | cock | covey | perdicine | |
Peafowl | chick, peachick | peahen | peacock | party, muster, ostentation, pride | pavonine | poultry |
Pelican | chick, nestling | scoop, pod[6] | ||||
Pig[note 13] | piglet, shoat/shote (a young, just weaned pig) gilt (female) | sow | boar | herd, drove,sounder, mob, drift | porcine, suilline | pork, ham, bacon |
Pigeon | squab | hen | cock | flight, loft, flock, kit | pullastrine | squab |
Pony | foal (either sex), colt (young, immature male), filly (young, immature female) | mare | stallion | herd, marmalade, string | equine | |
Porcupine | pup, porcupet | sow | boar | prickle | hystricine | |
Quelea | chick | hen | cock | flock, swarm | queline | |
Rabbit | bunny, kit, kitten, nestling | doe, jill | buck, jack | warren, nest, colony, bevy, bury, drove, trace | leporine | |
Raccoon | cub, kit | sow | boar | nursery, gaze | procyonine | |
Rail | chick | reeve | ruff | ralline | ||
Ram | lamb | ewe | ram | flock | arietine, ovine | lamb and mutton |
Rat | kitten, nestling, pinkie, pup[5] | doe | buck | colony, horde, mischief, pack, plague, swarm | murine | |
Raven | unkindness [1], congress, conspiracy, parliament, murder, crime[citation needed] | corvine | ||||
Red deer | calf | hind | stag | herd | venison | |
Red panda | cub | sow | boar | pack | ailuirine | |
Reindeer (caribou) | calf | cow | bull | herd | rangiferine | |
Rhinoceros | calf | cow | bull | crash, herd | ceratorhine | |
Salamander | tadpole, salamanderling | sow | boar | maelstrom, band | caudatan | |
Sea lion | pup, beach weaner, calf | cow | bull | pod, colony, crash, flock, harem, bob, herd, rookery, team, hurdle | otarine | |
Seal | pup[5] | cow | bull | pod, rookery, bob, herd, harem | phocine | |
Seahorse | seafoal | seamare | seastallion | shoal | hippocampal | |
Seastar | chick | hen | cock | group, school | asteridan | |
Shark | cub,[8] pup[citation needed] | slew, shiver[11] | ||||
Sheep | lamb | ewe | ram[note 10] | drove, mob, flock, herd | ovine | lamb, mutton, hoggett, haggis (visceral meat) |
Shrew | shrewlet, baby | sow | boar | colony, race, drove | soricine | |
Skunk | kit | boar[3] | ||||
Snail | - | n/a | n/a | hood | gastropodian | escargot |
Snake | snakelet, hatchling (a newly-hatched snake) | — | — | pit, nest or bed | anguine, elapine, serpentine, viperine, ophidian | |
Spider | spiderling | cluster, clutter | arachnine, arachnoid | |||
Squid | chick | hen | cock | roundup, audience | tethidine | calamari |
Squirrel | pup, kit, kitten | doe | buck | squad, dray, scurry[11] | sciurine | |
Swan | cygnet, flapper | pen | cob | flock | cygnine | |
Tapir | calf | cow | bull | measure, herd | tapirine | |
Tarsier | infant | doe | buck | herd, plot, harem, troop | tarsiine | |
Tiger | cub[8] | tigress | tiger | streak[11] | tigrine | |
Toad | tadpole, toadlet | — | — | knot, lump | ranine, batrachian | |
Turkey | poult | hen | tom, gobbler, stag, jake (immature) | cream, rafter | ||
Turtle | hatchling | — | — | bale, dule | chelonian | |
Vicuña | calf | cow, señorita | bull, señor | posse, herd | cameline | |
Walrus | calf | cow | bull | herd, flock | odobenine | |
Wasp | larva | queen, worker | drone | swarm, hive | vespine | |
Water buffalo | calf | cow | bull | pot | carabeef | |
Weasel | pup | bitch, doe, jill | buck, dog, hub, jack | sneak, gang[19] | musteline | |
Whale | calf[9] | cow[10] | bull | gam, pod, herd, school | cetacean, cetaceous | |
Wolf | cub, pup[5], whelp | bitch, she-wolf | dog | pack | lupine | |
Worm | wormlet | bed, bunch, clew, squirm | helminthic, vermian | |||
Yak | calf | cow | bull | herd, cabinet | ||
Zebra | foal | mare | stallion | dazzle[citation needed], herd | zebrine, hippotigrine |
See also
Notes
- ^ Also used as a generic term for a canine of unspecified sex.
- ^ The term "flange" was originally used to denote a group of baboons in a Not the Nine O'Clock News comedy sketch entitled "Gerald the Intelligent Gorilla" where it was used for comic effect. It has since been used in the scientific literature for a collection of baboons.
- ^ A worker bee is a sexually undeveloped female.
- ^ A castrated male cat is a gib or neuter.
- ^ Castrated male cattle are steers in the United States, or bullocks in the United Kingdom. A young cow that has not given birth is a heifer. See Cattle for more names. Cows is often used informally to refer to cattle in general.
- ^ Bovine refers to all species of genus Bos.
- ^ A castrated male chicken is a capon.
- ^ a b c A group of geese, herons, or ducks in flight is a skein.
- ^ A castrated male ferret is a gib.[citation needed]
- ^ a b A castrated male sheep or goat is a wether. See sheep for more names.
- ^ a "kettle" or "boil" is a group of hawks swirling and cris-crossing in a thermal air current, see "A Kettle of Hawks"
- ^ A castrated male horse is a gelding. A male foal is a colt, and a female foal is a filly.
- ^ A young female pig that has not given birth is a gilt. A castrated male pig is a barrow.[citation needed]
References
- ^ UK Reader's Digest, Q&A page, c.2000
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "What do you call a group of ...? : Oxford Dictionaries Online". oxforddictionaries.com. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ a b c d e "Dictionary.com Animal Names".
- ^ "Merriam Webster Dictionary".
- ^ a b c d e f "Pup"
- ^ a b "Animal group names". SanDiegoZoo.org. Zoological Society of San Diego.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Deer of the world: their evolution, behaviour, and ecology By Valerius Geist, 1998, ISBN 0811704963
- ^ a b c d e "Cub"
- ^ a b c "Calf"
- ^ a b c "Cow"
- ^ a b c d e f g Universe in Your Pocket by Joel Levy, published by Barnes & Noble, Inc.
- ^ Gray, p. 594
- ^ "Animal group names". fao.org. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
- ^ a b "Bull"
- ^ Caithness CWS - Caithness Field Club - Annual Bulletins - 2002 - Early Flying In The North Of Scotland
- ^ King, Alanna, ed. (1987). Robert Louis Stevenson in the South Seas. London: Luzac Paragon House.
- ^ International Wildlife Encyclopedia By Robert Burton, 2002, vol. 8, ISBN 0761472665, p. 1322
- ^ Ivan G. Sparkes, Dictionary of Collective Nouns and Group Terms (White Lion, 1975).
- ^ Beat about the Bush: Mammals, by Trevor Carnaby, published by Jacana Media, January 1, 2008, page 362. ISBN 978-1770092402.
Further reading
- Peter Gray, "The encyclopedia of the biological sciences", 1970