Manikya dynasty
Kingdom of the Tipara Tipara Rajsya | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1280 A.D[1]–1947 A.D | |||||||||||||
| Status | title | ||||||||||||
| Capital | Kholongma\Khorongma, Chittagong, Belonia, Udaipur, Amarpur, Kalyanpur, Khayerpur, Dharmanagar, Kailashahar, Kamalpur, Agartala[citation needed] | ||||||||||||
| Common languages | Kokborok during Fha Dynasty and Bengali as second during mid Manikya Dynasty[citation needed] | ||||||||||||
| Religion | Animism during Fha Dynasty and Hinduism during mid Manikya Dynasty | ||||||||||||
| Government | Monarchy Government | ||||||||||||
| Historical era | Golden era | ||||||||||||
• Established | 1280 A.D[1] | ||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1947 A.D | ||||||||||||
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| Today part of |  India India | ||||||||||||
The Manikya dynasty was founded when Ratna Fha (Ratna Manikya) assumed the title in 1280 CE.Before that there was Fha Dynasty from 1200 BCE to 1280 AD and Tripur Dynasty during later Vedic period. Ruler of the Tipara (Tripura) kingdom assumed the title of Manikya when Sultan Mughisuddin Tughril in 1280 A.D defeated Ratna Fha and after his submission he granted Ratna Fha "Manikya" which means a ruler with a precious stone .Their Royal Priest was "Chantai" and Royal God were The trinity and Garia and Ker.
One of the most famous Manikya rulers was Bir Chandra Manikya Bahadur Debbarma, in the 19th century.[2] Bir Bikram Kishore Manikya (r. 1923–1947) died in 1947, and his 14 year old son Kirat Bikram Kishore Manikya Debbarma was designated the 185th king even though he was too young to rule for the transitional period until 15 September 1949, when Tripura acceded to the Union of India. However, under Customary Law he ruled under his Mother, Regent Queen Kanchan Prava Devi. Kirat Bikram Kishore Manikya died in 2006, and his son Pradyot Bikram Kishore Manikya (born 1978) would be the pretender as 186th king, sometimes so considered in Tripuri irredentism.
List of kings
The first king of the Manikya Dynasty is the 145th king in the reckoning of the Rajmala, the Chronicle of the Kings, written in the 14th century. The earlier kings are partly mythological and partly legendary or semi-legendary.[3]
- 145. Ratna Fha (Ratna Manikya) fl. 1267-1280
- 146. Pratap Fha-Kotor Manikya fl.1280-1300
- 147. Mukut Fha-Kotor Manikya (Mukunda) fl. 1300-1327
- 148. Maha Manikya fl. 1327-1431
- 149. Dharma Manikya fl. 1431-1462
- 150. Pratap Manikya II fl. 1462-1477
- 151. Dhanya Manikya fl.1490-1515
- 152. Dhwaj Manikya fl.1515-1517
- 153. Devo Manikya fl. 1520-1523
- 154. Indra Manikya fl. 1523-1529
- 155. Vijay Manikya I (1529-1564)
- 156. Ananta Manikya
- 157. Udai Manikya
- 158. Jai Manikya (Loktor Fha)
- 159. Amar Manikya (1577-1586)
- 160. Rajdhar Manikya
- 161. Jashodhar Manikya
- 162. Kalyan Manikya
- 163. Gobinda Manikya (fl. 1660s)
- 164. Chhatra Manikya (Nakhshatra Rai) (fl. 1660s/1670s)
- 165. Ramdev Manikya
- 166. Ratna Manikya II
- 167. Narendra Manikya
- 168. Mahendra Manikya
- 169. Dharma Manikya II (1714-1733)
- 170. Mukunda Manikya
- 171. Jai Manikya
- 172. Indra Manikya II
- 173. Vijay Manikya II
- 174. Krishna Manikya
- 175. Rajdhar Manikya
- 176. Ramgana Manikya
- 177. Durga Manikya
- 178. Kashi Chandra Manikya
- 179. Krishna Kishore Manikya
- 180. Ishan Chandra Manikya
- 181. Bir Chandra Manikya
- 182. Radha Kishore Manikya
- 183. Birendra Kishore Manikya
- 184. Bir Bikram Kishore Debbarma (1923 – 1947)
- 185. Kirit Bikram Kishore Manikya Debbarma (1947-1949), d. in 2006
- 186. Kirit Pradyot Deb Barman (b. 1977 or 1978) [4]
Links with Chutias
According to the royal Tripuri chronicle Rajmala, it is said that the Tripuri king "Amor Manikya" was a Barua/minister of king "Vijay Manikya" and thus became the king of Tripura.[5] Now, the Barua title present in Assam can be traced back to the Chutiya kingdom from where it was later adopted by the Ahoms in the 17th century. As mentioned in the Buranjis of Assam, Manik Chandra Barua was a Chutia minister who fought against Ahoms in the 16th century.[6] The founding Tripuri king Ratna Manik is present as Ratnadhwajpal in Chutia history who has been said to have launched campaigns to the Gauda capital Dhaka which was then ruled by the Sena dynasty in the 13th century. This is exactly the same time the Manikya dynasty was founded in Tripura. So, it is very much possible that the Chutia king Ratna Manik appointed his Barua/minister as the king(Pratap Manik) of a new Manikya dynasty in Tripura. The Tripuris and Chutias are thought to be linked tribes. Researchers like Robert Shafer, George Greirson and Dr. Suniti Chatterjee have all placed the Tripuri and the Chutiya language as belonging to a single family under Kachari languages. The Tripuris are believed by many to have branched out from the Burok Chutia (ruling Chutia clan) and therefore call themselves Borok.
References
- ^ Discussion with Samwel Debbarma a reader as well as Ancient history expert
- ^ North East India History at north-east-india.com
- ^ Hill Tippera - History The Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909, v. 13, p. 118.
- ^ Tripura, The Manikya Dynasty Genealogy, royalark.net.
- ^ "Barua Tripuri".
- ^ P. 142 Deodhai Buranji by Surya Kumar Bhuyan
External links
- Genealogy of Tripura Kingdom at Queensland University web site