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Mark Udall
United States Senator
from Colorado
In office
January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2015
Preceded byWayne Allard
Succeeded byCory Gardner
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Colorado's 2nd district
In office
January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2009
Preceded byDavid Skaggs
Succeeded byJared Polis
Member of the Colorado House of Representatives
from the 13th district
In office
1996–1998
Preceded byPeggy Lamm
Succeeded byTom Plant
Personal details
Born
Mark Emery Udall

(1950-07-18) July 18, 1950 (age 74)
Tucson, Arizona, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
SpouseMaggie Fox
ChildrenJedediah
Tess
Alma materWilliams College
Signature

Mark Emery Udall (born July 18, 1950) is an American politician who was a United States Senator from Colorado from 2009 to 2015. He previously served in the United States House of Representatives, representing Colorado's 2nd congressional district. Prior to being elected to Congress, he represented parts of Boulder, Colorado in the Colorado House of Representatives.

A member of the Democratic Party, throughout his career he has proposed legislation to support renewable energy, expand national parks, and protect natural resources. Born in Tucson, Arizona, he is the son of former U.S. Representative Morris "Mo" Udall. A member of the Udall family, a western American political family, his relatives include New Mexico's Tom Udall and Utah's Mike Lee. Udall ran in 2014 for a second term in the U.S. Senate, but was defeated by Republican Cory Gardner.

Family, early life, and education

The Blue Peter nautical flag which indicates a vessel is "Outward Bound" is used as the program's symbol.
See also: Udall family

Mark Udall was born in Tucson, Arizona to Patricia J. (née Emery) and Morris "Mo" Udall, the U.S. Representative for Arizona's 2nd congressional district from 1961 to 1991, and candidate for the 1976 Democratic nominee for President. Udall attended and graduated from Canyon del Oro High School in 1968, where he was elected student body president.[1] Udall won the Arizona State Golf Championship Boy's division in 1968.[2]

Udall later graduated from Williams College in 1972 with a Bachelor of Arts in American civilization.[1] In 1976 Udall worked as a field coordinator for his father's campaign to win the Democratic nomination against Jimmy Carter.[3]

After college, Udall moved to Colorado and began his career with Outward Bound, a non-profit outdoor education organization.[4][5] For ten years Udall work as a course instructor, in which he would bring patrons on outdoor expeditions. Afterward, Udall served as Outward Bound's Executive Director for ten years, after which Udall decided to retire, completing his twenty-year career with Outward Bound.[6]

Colorado House of Representatives

In 1996, Udall was encouraged to run for the Colorado House of Representatives by Peggy Lamm of the 13th district, who had decided to retire.[7] After running a grassroots campaign in the swing district, Udall narrowly defeated Republican Drew Bolin to represent the Longmont and Boulder district.[8] During his two years in office, Udall served on the Judiciary and Agriculture Livestock & Natural Resources Committees.[9]

While in the Colorado House, Udall proposed legislation titled "Renewable Electricity Standard." It would have required at least 10% of energy consumed in Colorado to be provided by renewable sources rather than fossil fuels. The bill died in committee.[7] Udall chose not to run for re-election, instead decided to run for the United States Congress. He was succeeded by fellow Democrat, Tom Plant.[8]

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

After one term in the Colorado House of Representatives, Udall opted to run for Colorado's 2nd congressional district, which was being vacated by incumbent David Skaggs. Udall ran unopposed in the Democratic primary, and faced the Republican nominee, Boulder, Colorado Mayor Bob Greenlee in the general election. The race was unexpectedly close, with Udall narrowly winning, 49-47%. Udall was consecutively elected to five terms in the House, without major opposition. He was eventually succeeded by Jared Polis, after he decided to run for the Senate seat being vacated by retiring Republican, Wayne Allard.[10]

U.S. Senate

Elections

2004
Main article: United States Senate election in Colorado, 2004

In 2004, Udall announced his candidacy for the Senate seat which was being vacated by Ben Nighthorse Campbell. However, the following day Colorado Attorney General Ken Salazar announced his candidacy as well. Udall bowed out of the race and endorsed Salazar.[11]

2008
Main article: United States Senate election in Colorado, 2008
Senate election results by County.

On January 15, 2007, incumbent Senator Wayne Allard announced he would not run for a third term.[12] Later that year, in April Udall announced his campaign for the Senate.[13] Udall became the Democratic nominee for the race after running unopposed in the primary.[14] In the general election, Udall faced former U.S. Representative Republican Bob Schaffer. By August 28, 2008, over $10 million had been spent on attack ads against Udall by political parties and political action committees, an amount higher than in any other Senate race that year.[15]

The race was especially competitive, with Democrats wanting to expand their majority as much as possible due to that year's presidential election.[16] While both CQ Politics[17] and The Rothenberg Political Report[18] estimated Udall would win, and The Cook Political Report considered it a 'Toss Up,'[19] Udall maintained a steady lead in the polls, but with neither candidate usually topping 50%.[20] Udall described the race as "the toughest climb I've ever taken."[16] On November 4, Udall won the election with 52% of the vote.

2014
Main article: United States Senate election in Colorado, 2014
Senate election results by County.

On January 7, 2013 Udall announced he was running for re-election.[21] Udall was unopposed in the Democratic primary, and faced Republican U.S. Representative Cory Gardner in the general election. Although Udall was heavily favored in early polls, around September Gardner gained and held a steady lead thereafter.[22]

Udall's re-election campaign focused on reproductive and women's rights. Throughout, Udall attacked Gardner for his former support of a fetal personhood initiative, and claimed in ads that Gardner "championed an eight-year crusade to outlaw birth control here in Colorado." PolitiFact.com rated his claim "half-true," saying that it "leaves out important details."[23][24] On MSNBC's The Last Word, Alex Wagner attributed Udall's trailing poll numbers to his "focus on reproductive rights."[25] In an October 2014 Denver Post endorsement of his opponent, the editorial board stated that "Udall's campaign has devoted a shocking amount of energy and money trying to convince voters that Gardner seeks to outlaw birth control despite the congressman's call for over-the-counter sales of contraceptives. Udall is trying to frighten voters rather than inspire them with a hopeful vision."[26]

Towards the end of his campaign, Udall was accompanied by Second Lady of the United States Jill Biden, Massachusetts Senator Elizabeth Warren, and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.[27] In July 2014, President Barack Obama headlined a fundraiser for Udall's campaign.[28]

Senate tenure

Less than one month after Udall took office in the Senate, newly elected President Obama nominated senior Colorado Senator Ken Salazar to serve as his Secretary of the Interior. After his confirmation, Udall became the Senate's most junior senior Senator.[29]

Committee assignments

Political positions

Abortion

NARAL Pro-Choice America gives Udall a 100% rating for Abortion rights,[30] while his opponent in 2014, Cory Gardner, earned a 0% rating.[31]

Agriculture

In February 2014, Udall voted for the Federal Agriculture Reform and Risk Management Act of 2013, a $1 trillion bill that ended direct payments to farmers but expanded crop insurance by $7 billion over the next decade, created new subsidies for rice and peanut growers that will kick in if or when prices drop, and cut food stamp subsidies for 1.7 million people in 15 states.[32][33]

In 2011, Maine Senator Susan Collins and Udall successfully introduced an amendment to the Senate’s agriculture appropriations bill. The amendment to the appropriations bill removed a limit placed on potatoes in the USDA new school nutrition guidelines.[34]

Cannabis

Main article: Drug policy of Colorado

Although Senator to the first state to legalize the recreational sale of marijuana, Udall took no official stance on Colorado Amendment 64 during its campaign.[35] After Amendment 64 and Washington state's similar initiative passed in 2012, Udall and the Senate delegations from Washington addressed a letter to Attorney General Eric Holder and White House Chief of Staff Denis McDonough, imploring them to "let this experiment unfold," as Udall characterized it.[36]

Domestic security

Udall has been an opponent of the National Security Agency's (NSA) mass surveillance programs.[37] Following the revelation of the NSA's mass surveillance of Americans, Udall has been an advocate for reform.[38][39] Udall, along with Senators Ron Wyden and Rand Paul, published an Op-ed in the Los Angeles Times expressing their collective desire to "end the dragnet — and to affirm that we can keep our nation secure without trampling on and abandoning Americans' constitutional rights."[40] Udall expressed his support for Edward Snowden to return to America to "make his case."[41] After reports that the Central Intelligence Agency improperly spied on U.S. Senators, Udall called for the resignation of Agency Director John O. Brennan.[42]

After the September 11 attacks, the one-term Representative Udall was one of 66 House members to vote against the Patriot Act.[1] In 2011, Udall voted against reauthorizing the Patriot Act.[43] In July 2014, Udall voted against the CISPA bill, a proposed law which would allow for the sharing of Internet traffic information between the U.S. government and technology and manufacturing companies, voicing his concerns that it "lacks adequate protections for the privacy rights."[44]

During the 2011 debate over the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012 (NDAA), Udall introduced an amendment to end the practice of military detention of American citizens indefinitely and without trial. In response to the amendment's introduction, the Obama administration threatened to veto the bill.[45] The amendment was rejected by a vote of 60–38 (with 2 abstaining).[46] Udall subsequently voted for the Act in the joint session of Congress that passed it, and though he remained "extremely troubled" by the detainee provisions, he promised to "push Congress to conduct the maximum amount of oversight possible".[47]

Udall has supported PRISM, a clandestine anti-terrorism mass electronic surveillance data mining program launched in 2007 by the National Security Agency (NSA); however, he has also expressed support for introduction of measures to reform and limit the scope of the Patriot Act; 'The Patriot Act should be reformed so Americans' phone records do not get indiscriminately swept up in a federal government database.'[48]

Economy

Udall voted for the Employee Free Choice Act in 2007, which would have eliminated secret ballot in voting to unionize businesses, and said that he supported the measure because the National Labor Relations Board would be the best forum to deal with concerns raised by the bill's opponents.[49]

On February 13, 2009, Udall voted to pass the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (commonly referred to as The Stimulus or The Recovery Act).[50]

In December 2010, Udall was one of seven Democrats to vote against a deal to extend the Bush tax cuts for two years as well as fund unemployment benefits for an additional 13 months, having stated, "Days after the most substantive national conversation we've had about addressing the debt, the debate suddenly has turned to extending tax breaks for millionaires and billionaires that — alone — will cost $700 billion over the next decade."[51]

Energy and environment

Udall has supported tax breaks for renewable energy and the expansion of national parks. Udall has a lifetime rating of 97% from the League of Conservation Voters.[52][53][54][55]

In 2004, Udall helped lead a statewide ballot initiative (Amendment 37) to adopt the Renewable Electricity Standard, a standard he originally introduced in the Colorado House of Representatives. Working with the Republican Colorado House Speaker, the measure mandating 10% of energy consumed be from renewable sources, passed by a close margin 52% to 48%.[56][57][58]

Throughout his career Udall has introduced the "Ski Area Recreational Opportunity Enhancement Act," which was passed in 2011. The act allows ski resorts to offer activities in the summer.[1][59] In 2009, Udall introduced legislation to address the environmental damage caused by the pine beetle infestation in Colorado's forests, in what Udall described as one of the "biggest natural disasters."[60]

In July 2014, Udall came out in opposition of two Colorado ballot initiative that would have limited hydraulic fracturing, or "fracking", and created an "Environmental Bill of Rights." While his opposition to the initiative aligned him Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper, it put him at odds with the main proponent of the bills and his House district successor, Jared Polis.[61] Udall has repeatedly voted against the Keystone XL pipeline, having said that he wants to wait until a technical review of the project by the State Department is complete.[62]

Gun policy

One week after the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, Colorado Senators Udall and Michael Bennet came out in support of a Federal Assault Weapons Ban.[63] On the issue, Udall commented "if we can save one child in the future from being killed in such a way, I'm ready to push those kinds of policies."[64] On April 17, 2013 Udall supported a failed amendment to expand background checks for gun purchases.[65]

In 2009, Udall upset gun control advocates for supporting an amendment that would have allowed concealed weapons to be transported across state lines.[1][66] The National Rifle Association gave an "F" grade during his time in the House of Representatives. While during his tenure in the Senate, they have given him a "C".[67][68]

Health policy

In December 2009, Udall voted for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.[69][70] Udall has also stated his support for a public option about which he stated, "[t]he reason I support a public option, if it's done in a fiscally responsible way, is it would create competition. Competition drives down cost and what we want to do is make insurance affordable for all Americans."[71]

In November 2013, Udall was critical of the Colorado Division of Insurance concerning the Division's estimates of the number of Colorado residents whose medical insurance was cancelled in response to the requirements of the Affordable Care Act.[72][73] Udall's office wanted the Division to lower the number from 250,000 because it believed the majority of individuals counted had received renewal options. The Division refused to change the numbers. Administrators at the Colorado Division of Insurance said they felt pressured by members of Udall's staff to change their estimates of policy cancellations.[74] A panel which investigated the matter concluded Udall's office behaved appropriately, however the investigation was criticized because the chair was appointed by Democratic governor John Hickenlooper; all other members of the panel were selected by the chair, who refused to name the other members of the panel, and left no written records of its investigation.[73]

Personal life

Udall is married to Maggie Fox, an environmental lawyer who previously served as CEO of The Climate Reality Project.[10] The two met while working at Outward Bound, and were married in 1982.[7][75] They have two children, Jedediah and Tess.[1][6] In 1972, Udall was arrested for misdemeanor marijuana possession. He served a night in jail and paid a $300 fine.[76] A golfer, Udall been referred to as one of Congress' better players.[77]

Udall has said "there isn't a Coloradan out there who doesn't cycle, hunt, hike... We're an outdoor state. It fits our worldview, and it's how we define ourselves."[5] An experienced mountaineer, Udall has climbed many peaks during his work as an Outward Bound instructor, and in his personal life. Udall has climbed Colorado's 100 tallest peaks, known as "The Colorado Centennials," as well as Mount Kangchenjunga in the Himalayas and Mount Aconcagua, the highest peak in South America. He has also attempted Mount Everest multiple times.[1][5][78][79]

In 1986, Udall and his wife went on a group trek of Mount Garmo. During the climb, Maggie broke her leg, and their fellow climber, Steve Monfredo, died on the mountainside.[80] Udall's 61-year-old brother, Randy Udall, went missing on June 26, 2013 after going on a solo hike in Wyoming's Wind River Range.[81] On July 3, 2013 a body, later identified as that of Randy Udall, was found approximately 80 miles southeast of Grand Teton National Park.[82]

Electoral history

Year Office District Democrat Republican
1996 Colorado House of Representatives 13th District Mark Udall 50% Drew Bolin 45%
1998[83] U.S. House of Representatives Colorado's 2nd District Mark Udall 49% Bob Greenlee 47%
2000[84] U.S. House of Representatives Colorado's 2nd District Mark Udall 55% Carolyn Cox 38%
2002[85] U.S. House of Representatives Colorado's 2nd District Mark Udall 61% Sandy Hume 37%
2004[86] U.S. House of Representatives Colorado's 2nd District Mark Udall 67% Stephen Hackman 30%
2006[87] U.S. House of Representatives Colorado's 2nd District Mark Udall 68% Rich Mancuso 28%
2008 U.S. Senate Colorado (Class 2) Mark Udall 52% Bob Schaffer 42%
2014 U.S. Senate Colorado (Class 2) Mark Udall 46% Cory Gardner 48%

See also

References

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  2. ^ "Boys Golf Medalists" (PDF). Arizona Interscholastic Association.
  3. ^ "Senate Biography". United States Congress.
  4. ^ "About Mark Udall". United States Senate.
  5. ^ a b c Jonathan Easley (October 11, 2011). "Sen. Mark Udall Conquered Many Mountains Before Climbing Capitol Hill". Roll Call.
  6. ^ a b "Race Tracker-Mark Udall". National Journal.
  7. ^ a b c Bill Gifford (November 2008). "Mark Udall's Toughest Climb". Men's Journal.
  8. ^ a b "The Ciruli View". Ciruli Associates. October 1998.
  9. ^ "Legislator Record". Colorado General Assembly.
  10. ^ a b Kerric Harvey. Encyclopedia of social media and politics. Vol. 1. p. 1295.
  11. ^ Jody Hope Strogoff (January 8, 2010). "Political whirlwind harks back to '04". The Colorado Statesman.
  12. ^ Steven Paulson (January 15, 2007). "Report: Sen. Allard won't seek 3rd term". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 7, 2007. {{cite news}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; January 17, 2007 suggested (help)
  13. ^ Gregory Vadala (May 2, 2007). "Race to Succeed Senate-Bidding Colorado Rep. Udall Already Getting Crowded". New York Times.
  14. ^ Hook, Carol (November 4, 2008). "Fact Sheet: Mark Udall Vs. Bob Schaffer for Colorado's U.S. Senate Seat". US News. Retrieved August 11, 2014.
  15. ^ Riley, Michael (September 24, 2008). "Attack ads fail to shift Udall's lead". Denver Post.
  16. ^ a b Emily Bazar (November 5, 2008). "Obama wins Colo.; Democrat Udall wins senate seat". USA Today.
  17. ^ "Race Ratings Chart: Senate". CQ Politics. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  18. ^ "Senate Ratings". The Rothenberg Political Report. September 29, 2008. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  19. ^ "2008 Senate Race Ratings". The Cook Political Report. September 10, 2008. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  20. ^ Michael Riley (September 24, 2008). "Attack ads fail to shift Udall's lead". Denver Post.
  21. ^ "Sen. Mark Udall Kicks Off 2014 Re-Election Campaign". Colorado Pols. January 17, 2013. Retrieved January 27, 2013.
  22. ^ Nia-Malika Henderson (October 22, 2014). "Another poll shows Cory Gardner ahead in Colorado. Is the seat slipping away from Democrats?". The Washington Post.
  23. ^ Steve Contorno (April 25, 2014). "Mark Udall ad says Cory Gardner 'championed' Colorado fight to ban birth control". PolitiFact.com.
  24. ^ Nate Cohn (October 28, 2014). "Mark Udall Faces a Turnout Challenge in Colorado". New York Times.
  25. ^ Ian Schwartz (October 31, 2014). "MSNBC's Wagner: Udall's "Singular Focus" on Women's Issues Has Been The Problem For His Campaign". MSNBC. RealClearPolitics.
  26. ^ "Cory Gardner for U.S. Senate". Denver Post. Oct 10, 2014. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
  27. ^ Nicholas Riccardi. "Jill Biden tries to fire up Democrats for Udall".
  28. ^ Matthews, Mark (July 6, 2014). "Obama fundraiser for Udall to attract cash, criticism". The State. Denver Post. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
  29. ^ David Roberts (February 23, 2010). "Sen. Mark Udall: "I think it's crucial to price carbon"". Grist.
  30. ^ NARAL Pro-Choice America. "2014 Congressional Record on Choice". prochoiceamerica.org.
  31. ^ "The Senate Races With the Biggest Ideological Stakes". FiveThirtyEight.
  32. ^ Sherry, Allison (February 5, 2014). "Farm bill passes, will benefit Colorado farmers, counties". Denver Post. Retrieved 11 August 2014.
  33. ^ Nixon, Ron (January 4, 2014). "Senate Passes Long-Stalled Farm Bill, With Clear Winners and Losers". New York Times. Retrieved 11 August 2014.
  34. ^ Jen Lynds (October 18, 2011). "Snowe joins Collins in Senate vote for unlimited potatoes in school lunches". Bangor Daily News.
  35. ^ Valerie Richardson (September 25, 2014). "Colorado marijuana VIPs raise green stuff for Sen. Mark Udall". The Washington Times.
  36. ^ Humberto Sanchez (September 23, 2014). "Marijuana Is Legal in Colorado, but Politicians Still Can't Talk About It". Governing.com.
  37. ^ "Mark Udall Touts NSA Reform (and Dings Obama) in Bid to Save Senate Seat". National Journal. Retrieved 27 October 2014.
  38. ^ Vincent Carroll (March 7, 2014). "Carroll: Mark Udall, Edward Snowden and spying". Denver Post.
  39. ^ Owen Bowcott; Spencer Ackerman (October 14, 2014). "Mass internet surveillance threatens international law, UN report claims". The Guardian. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  40. ^ Ron Wyden; Mark Udall; Rand Paul (June 16, 2014). "Ron Wyden, Mark Udall and Rand Paul: How to end the NSA dragnet". Los Angeles Times. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |last-author-amp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  41. ^ Benjamin Bell (December 22, 2013). "Rep. Mike Rogers: I'd Pay For Edward Snowden's Ticket Back to U.S. to Face Charges". ABC News.
  42. ^ Igor Bobic (July 31, 2014). "Sen. Mark Udall Calls For CIA Director John Brennan To Resign". Huffington Post.
  43. ^ Allison Sherry (May 27, 2011). "Colorado Sen. Mark Udall votes against Patriot Act extension". Denver Post.
  44. ^ Jason Koebler (July 9, 2014). "CISPA's Privacy-Killing Successor Just Cleared Its First Hurdle". Vice.
  45. ^ Michael McAuliff; Jennifer Bendery (November 30, 2011). "Senate Votes To Let Military Detain Americans Indefinitely, White House Threatens Veto". Huffington Post. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  46. ^ "U.S. Senate - No HTTPS". senate.gov.
  47. ^ "Despite concerns, Udall gives nod to Defense Authorization bill." Denver Post, December 15, 2011.
  48. ^ Sherry, Allison (2013-07-28). "Sen. Mark Udall urges Patriot Act reform on Face the Nation". Denver Post. Retrieved 11 August 2014.
  49. ^ Al Eisele (April 11, 2009). "Mark Udall: High Noon in the Senate". Huffington Post. Retrieved October 23, 2013.
  50. ^ "Stimulus package nears OK in Senate". Denver Post. February 10, 2009. Retrieved October 23, 2013.
  51. ^ "Mark Udall Votes 'No' On Tax Deal". Huffington Post. December 13, 2010. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
  52. ^ "National Environmental Scorecard". League of Conservation Voters.
  53. ^ Harry Enten (July 8, 2014). "The Senate Races With the Biggest Ideological Stakes". FiveThirtyEight.
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  55. ^ Ben Adler (May 14, 2014). "Enviros pump money and energy into Colorado Senate race". Grist.
  56. ^ "Colorado Voters Pass Renewable Energy Standard". Renewable Energy World. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  57. ^ "Mark Udall, Cory Gardner up on air with energy ads". The Denver Post. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  58. ^ "Senator Udall Introduces Renewable Electricity Standard Bill". Renewable Energy World. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  59. ^ "'Ski Area Recreational Opportunity Enhancement Act' Aims To Boost Summer Ski Area Activities, Year-Round Employment". Huffington Post. October 4, 2011.
  60. ^ "Sen. Udall sponsors bill to attack pine beetles". Seattle Times. November 23, 2009. Retrieved June 5, 2014.
  61. ^ "Hickenlooper: No Special Session On Fracking". CBS Denver. September 6, 2014.
  62. ^ Lynn Bartels (June 12, 2014). "Mark Udall's position on Keystone back in limelight". Denver Post. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
  63. ^ "Sens. Mark Udall, Michael Bennet Call For Stricter Gun Control Laws". Huffington Post. December 21, 2012.
  64. ^ "Udall Ready To Push Gun Control Policies In Order To Save Lives". KCNC-TV. December 21, 2012.
  65. ^ Chuck Todd (April 18, 2013). "Why the gun measure went down to defeat". NBC News.
  66. ^ Adam Schrager (July 22, 2009). "Concealed-weapons measure fails in D.C.; Colo. senators voted 'yes'". Denver Post.
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  73. ^ a b "DORA official reverses course, names panelists in Udall ACA flap", denverpost.com; accessed July 30, 2014.
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  76. ^ Michael Riley (September 11, 2008). "Ad blows smoke a variety of ways". The Denver Post.
  77. ^ Dashiell Bennett (May 10, 2011). "The Top 10 Golfers In Congress". Business Insider.
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  80. ^ Michael Riley. "Mapping his own legacy". Denver Post.
  81. ^ "Sen. Mark Udall's brother, James, missing after hiking in Wyoming". UPI. Retrieved July 2, 2013.
  82. ^ "Body of Colorado senator's brother found on Wyoming hiking route". USA Today. July 3, 2013.
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  84. ^ "STATISTICS OF THE CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION" (PDF). Federal government of the United States. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. 2000.
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  86. ^ "STATISTICS OF THE CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION" (PDF). Federal government of the United States. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. 2004.
  87. ^ "STATISTICS OF THE CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION" (PDF). Federal government of the United States. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. 2006.

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mark Udall.
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Colorado's 2nd congressional district
1999–2009 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by Democratic nominee for U.S. Senator from Colorado
(Class 2)
2008, 2014 		Most recent
U.S. Senate
Preceded by U.S. Senator (Class 2) from Colorado
2009–2015
Served alongside: Ken Salazar, Michael Bennet 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mark_Udall&oldid=747585024"