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The State TV played down the unrest.<ref name= "Arab Times"/> State-funded [[Press TV]] reported that millions of Iranians marched for the Palestinian cause in Iran and different countries throughout the Middle East and the world;<ref>{{citeweb|url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail.aspx?id=106510&sectionid=351020101|title=Millions march in Al-Quds day 2009|accessdate=Sept 18, 2009}}</ref> with independent sources estimating "tens of thousands" to over 100,000 in Tehran, <ref name="Arab Times" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1115637.html|title=Reformist leaders attacked as thousands march in fresh Iran protests |date=19/09/2009 |work=The Associated Press and Reuters |publisher=Haaretz|accessdate=2009-09-21}}</ref><ref name="csmonitor"/> many of them were bused by the regime. <ref name="NY Times"/> At least ten anti-government protesters were arrested during the demonstrations. An angry crowd of hardliners attacked Mousavi's car while shouting "Death to the hypocrite Mousavi." In other cities [[Basiji]] militiamen attacked protesters.<ref name= "Arab Times">{{citeweb|url=http://www.arabtimesonline.com/client/pagesdetails.asp?nid=37287&ccid=11|title=Protests in Iran|accessdate=Sept 18, 2009}}</ref>
The State TV played down the unrest.<ref name= "Arab Times"/> State-funded [[Press TV]] reported that millions of Iranians marched for the Palestinian cause in Iran and different countries throughout the Middle East and the world;<ref>{{citeweb|url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail.aspx?id=106510&sectionid=351020101|title=Millions march in Al-Quds day 2009|accessdate=Sept 18, 2009}}</ref> with independent sources estimating "tens of thousands" to over 100,000 in Tehran, <ref name="Arab Times" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1115637.html|title=Reformist leaders attacked as thousands march in fresh Iran protests |date=19/09/2009 |work=The Associated Press and Reuters |publisher=Haaretz|accessdate=2009-09-21}}</ref><ref name="csmonitor"/> many of them were bused by the regime. <ref name="NY Times"/> At least ten anti-government protesters were arrested during the demonstrations. An angry crowd of hardliners attacked Mousavi's car while shouting "Death to the hypocrite Mousavi." In other cities [[Basiji]] militiamen attacked protesters.<ref name= "Arab Times">{{citeweb|url=http://www.arabtimesonline.com/client/pagesdetails.asp?nid=37287&ccid=11|title=Protests in Iran|accessdate=Sept 18, 2009}}</ref>


On 2009 Quds Day, Ahmadinejad [[Holocaust denial|denied the existence of the Holocaust]], sparking international outcry. He stated, "The pretext (Holocaust) for the creation of the Zionist regime (Israel) is false ... It is a lie based on an unprovable and mythical claim."<ref name="denial">{{cite web |title=Ahmadinejad says Holocaust a lie, Israel has no future |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSTRE58H17S20090918?rpc=64&sp=true |date=18 September 2009 |work= |publisher=[[Reuters]] |accessdate=22 September 2009}}</ref> His statements drew immediate condemnation from the United States, Russia, and the [[European Union]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Ahmadinejad's isolationism |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/sep/21/ahmadinejad-quds-day-protests |date=21 September 2009 |work= |publisher=[[The Guardian]] |accessdate=22 September 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=EU condemns Ahmadinejad's comments on Holocaust |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/EU-condemns-Ahmadinejad-s-comments-on-Holocaust/H1-Article1-456277.aspx |date=21 September 2009 |work= |publisher=[[Hindustan Times]] |accessdate=22 September 2009}}</ref>
On 2009 Quds Day, Ahmadinejad critized using [[Holocaust]] for vindication of Israeli existance, sparking international outcry. He stated, "The pretext (Holocaust) for the creation of the Zionist regime (Israel) is false ... It is a lie based on an unprovable and mythical claim."<ref name="denial">{{cite web |title=Ahmadinejad says Holocaust a lie, Israel has no future |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSTRE58H17S20090918?rpc=64&sp=true |date=18 September 2009 |work= |publisher=[[Reuters]] |accessdate=22 September 2009}}</ref> His statements drew immediate condemnation from the United States, Russia, and the [[European Union]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Ahmadinejad's isolationism |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/sep/21/ahmadinejad-quds-day-protests |date=21 September 2009 |work= |publisher=[[The Guardian]] |accessdate=22 September 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=EU condemns Ahmadinejad's comments on Holocaust |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/EU-condemns-Ahmadinejad-s-comments-on-Holocaust/H1-Article1-456277.aspx |date=21 September 2009 |work= |publisher=[[Hindustan Times]] |accessdate=22 September 2009}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 20:24, 15 December 2009

Quds Day
Observed byIran and other Muslim countries and communities
TypePolitical
SignificanceDemonstrations against the State of Israel and its control of Jerusalem; solidarity with the Palestinian people
BeginsLast Friday of Ramadan
2024 datedate missing (please add)
Related toAnti-Zionism
This article is about the annual pro-Palestinian day of protest. For the Israeli national holiday, see Jerusalem Day.

Quds Day (Persian: روز قدس rūz-e quds), officially International al-Quds Day (روز جهانی قدس), is an annual event on the last Friday of Ramadan,[1] expressing solidarity with the Palestinian people and opposing Zionism as well as Israel's control of Jerusalem (both West Jerusalem and occupied-East Jerusalem).[2][3][4] Anti-Zionist demonstrations are held on this day in some Muslim and Arab countries and by Muslim and Arab communities around the world, but particularly in Iran, where Ayatollah Khomeini first introduced the event.[5] The Iranian government sponsors and organizes the day's parades within Iran.[6][7] In recent years, only a marginal proportion of young Iranians have attended.[8]

History

March in Malmö, Sweden; Al-Quds Day 2008

The parade originated in Iran after the 1979 Islamic Revolution. The observance was mandated by Ayatollah Khomeini, then Supreme Leader of Iran, in August of that year, proclaiming:

I invite Muslims all over the globe to consecrate the last Friday of the holy month of Ramadan as Al-Quds Day and to proclaim the international solidarity of Muslims in support of the legitimate rights of the Muslim people of Palestine. For many years, I have been notifying the Muslims of the danger posed by the usurper Israel which today has intensified its savage attacks against the Palestinian brothers and sisters, and which, in the south of Lebanon in particular, is continually bombing Palestinian homes in the hope of crushing the Palestinian struggle. I ask all the Muslims of the world and the Muslim governments to join together to sever the hand of this usurper and its supporters. I call on all the Muslims of the world to select as Al-Quds Day the last Friday in the holy month of Ramadan - which is itself a determining period and can also be the determiner of the Palestinian people’s fate - and through a ceremony demonstrating the solidarity of Muslims world-wide, announce their support for the legitimate rights of the Muslim people. I ask God Almighty for the victory of the Muslims over the infidels.

— Ruhollah Khomeini[9]

In solidarity with the Palestinians, Khomeini declared the liberation of Jerusalem a religious duty to all Muslims.[10][11]

Beyond events in Iran, events throughout the Arab-Muslim world are also initiated. There is a focus on countries with large Shi'ite populations, particularly in Lebanon where Hezbollah directs Al-Quds Day. Events have also been held in Syria, Iraq, and the Gaza Strip. Hamas and Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine endorse Al-Quds day and hold ceremonies. Outside of the Middle East, Al-Quds Day has taken place in Britain, Germany, Canada, Sweden, France, the United States and Asian countries.[12]

Events

In Iran, the day's parades are sponsored and organized by the government.[6][7] Mass marches and rallies take place in Iran on Quds Day. Senior Iranian leaders give fiery speeches condemning Israel ("the regime occupying Jerusalem") as well as the United States. The crowds respond with chants of "Death to Israel" and "Death to the United States."[12]

Quds Day rallies continue to have many Iranians under the age of 30 participating, however recent rallies have not shown a proportionate percentage of young Iranians with many Iranian students saying that the Arab-Israeli conflict has "nothing to do with us."[8]

2005 Quds Day

Over 1 million people, with over 100,000 in each of Iran's 8 largest cities, marched in the 2005 Quds Day protests in Tehran and other cities across Iran. Then newly elected President of Iran Mahmoud Ahmadinejad called for the destruction of Israel before a crowd of over 200,000 in Tehran.[13]

Protests were staged throughout the Middle East with over 30,000 Bahrainis marching in Manama and 6,000 Hezbollah guerrillas marching in Beirut.[13]

2007 Quds Day

The 2007 Quds Day protest saw millions of Iranians march in support of the Palestinians During the rallies in Tehran, Ahmadinejad said that the "creation, continued existence and unlimited (Western) support for this regime is an insult to human dignity." The protests also featured signs denouncing the United States because of America's support for Israel.[14]

Over 3,000 people marched in Damascus carrying Palestinian flags. Hezbollah organized marches in the city's Yarmouk refugee camp.[14]

2009 Quds Day

Supporters of the opposition used the 2009 Quds Day to stage protests against Ahmadinejad and the Iranian government in response to the disputed 2009 Iranian presidential election. Estimates put the opposition protest in the tens of thousands shouting slogans in support of Mir-Hossein Mousavi and against Ahmadinejad.[15][16] Rejecting the government's support of Palestinian militancy, opposition protesters chanted, "No to Gaza and Lebanon, I will give my life for Iran.”[16][17] There were reports of similar protests in Isfahan, Tabriz, Yazd and Shiraz.[16]

The State TV played down the unrest.[18] State-funded Press TV reported that millions of Iranians marched for the Palestinian cause in Iran and different countries throughout the Middle East and the world;[19] with independent sources estimating "tens of thousands" to over 100,000 in Tehran, [18][20][17] many of them were bused by the regime. [16] At least ten anti-government protesters were arrested during the demonstrations. An angry crowd of hardliners attacked Mousavi's car while shouting "Death to the hypocrite Mousavi." In other cities Basiji militiamen attacked protesters.[18]

On 2009 Quds Day, Ahmadinejad critized using Holocaust for vindication of Israeli existance, sparking international outcry. He stated, "The pretext (Holocaust) for the creation of the Zionist regime (Israel) is false ... It is a lie based on an unprovable and mythical claim."[21] His statements drew immediate condemnation from the United States, Russia, and the European Union.[22][23]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Rafsanjani invited Iranian people to attend the Quds day, BBC Persian
  2. ^ Sokolski, Henry D. (2007). Gauging U.S.-Indian strategic cooperation. Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College. p. 166. ISBN 9781584872849. Many Muslims commemorate Al Quds Day by protesting against the Israeli occupation of East Jerusalem where the Al Quds mosque is located. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ Explosion of fury on al Quds day, Abigail Fielding-Smith, The National, September 18, 2009.
  4. ^ "Hundeds clash in Iran protests." Metro.co.uk. September 18, 2009. 18 September 2009.
  5. ^ Yitzhak Reiter (2008). Jerusalem and its role in Islamic solidarity. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 154. ISBN 0230607829, 9780230607828. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)
  6. ^ a b Iranians rally on 'al-Quds Day', aljazeera.net, (September 18, 2009 )
  7. ^ a b Iran eyewitness: protest videos, BBC, ( September 18, 2009)
  8. ^ a b Iran in crisis?: nuclear ambitions and the American response, Howard, Roger. Zed Books (2004). ISBN 978-1-84277-475-5. p. 49.
  9. ^ Imam Khomeini’s message announcing Quds Day, dated 7 August 1979 (16 Murdad 1358 AHS). Sahifa-y Nur, Vol. 8, p. 229.[dead link]
  10. ^ Khan, M.A. Muqtedar (2004). Jihad for Jerusalem: identity and strategy in international relations. Google Books. p. 157. Retrieved 19 September 2009. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  11. ^ Friedland, Roger (1996). To Rule Jerusalem. Google Books. p. 370. Retrieved 19 September 2009. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  12. ^ a b "Jerusalem Day". Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center. 16 September 2009. Retrieved 19 September 2009.
  13. ^ a b Iranians Rally Against Israel, U.S., AP, October 29, 2005
  14. ^ a b Millions of Iranians Attend Anti-Israel Rallies Called 'Al-Quds Day', AP, October 05, 2007
  15. ^ Tens of thousands march in opposition protests, Sep. 19, 2009
  16. ^ a b c d WORTH, ROBERT F. (2009-09-19). "Despite Warning, Thousands Rally in Iran". pp. A1. Retrieved 2009-09-19.
  17. ^ a b Chick, Kristen (2009.09.19). "New protests surge in Iran as Ahmadinejad denies Holocaust again". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 2009-09-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  18. ^ a b c "Protests in Iran". Retrieved Sept 18, 2009. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  19. ^ "Millions march in Al-Quds day 2009". Retrieved Sept 18, 2009. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  20. ^ "Reformist leaders attacked as thousands march in fresh Iran protests". The Associated Press and Reuters. Haaretz. 19/09/2009. Retrieved 2009-09-21. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  21. ^ "Ahmadinejad says Holocaust a lie, Israel has no future". Reuters. 18 September 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2009.
  22. ^ "Ahmadinejad's isolationism". The Guardian. 21 September 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2009.
  23. ^ "EU condemns Ahmadinejad's comments on Holocaust". Hindustan Times. 21 September 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2009.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quds_Day&oldid=331867676"