Sobral, Ceará
Sobral | |
|---|---|
| Municipality of Sobral | |
 Flag  Seal | |
| Nickname: "Princesa do Norte" (North's Princess) | |
| Motto: Sobral cada vez melhor | |
 Location in Ceará | |
| Coordinates: 03°40′26″S 40°14′20″W / 3.67389°S 40.23889°W | |
| Country |  Brazil |
| Region | Northeast |
| State |  Ceará |
| Settled | July 5, 1773 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Ivo Gomes (PDT) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 2,122.898 km2 (819.656 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 70 m (230 ft) |
| Population (2022)[2] | |
| • Total | 203,023 |
| • Density | 96/km2 (250/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (BRT) |
| HDI (2010) | 0.714 – high[3] |
| Website | sobral |
| Designated | 1379 |
| Reference no. | 944 |
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Sobral is a municipality in the state of Ceará, Brazil.
Sobral is the fifth largest municipality of Ceará, after Fortaleza. Its economy is based on agriculture, services and some manufacturing industries. The city has two public universities: Universidade Federal do Ceará and Universidade Estadual do Vale do Acaraú. It also has private universities, such as Faculdade Luciano Feijão, Unopar, and UNINTA − a theological institute. The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sobral.
The city is known for being the place where the astronomical observation of a solar eclipse on May 29, 1919, by a team of British scientists led by Sir Frank Watson Dyson was offered as the first proof of Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, which had been published in 1916. The town's Museu do Eclipse ("Museum of the Eclipse") celebrates this event. There is a monument in Patrocínio Square marking the location of this solar eclipse. A planetarium was also inaugurated in 2015 next to this monument.[4]
Government
[edit]- Ivo Gomes (PDT)
Geography
[edit]Climate
[edit]The climate of Sobral is hot almost all year. The temperature in the municipality varies from 22 to 36 °C (72 to 97 °F).
| Climate data for Sobral (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 34.2 (93.6) |
32.7 (90.9) |
32.1 (89.8) |
31.4 (88.5) |
32.2 (90.0) |
33.1 (91.6) |
34.2 (93.6) |
35.8 (96.4) |
36.7 (98.1) |
36.9 (98.4) |
36.7 (98.1) |
36.2 (97.2) |
34.4 (93.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 27.5 (81.5) |
26.7 (80.1) |
26.3 (79.3) |
26.0 (78.8) |
26.2 (79.2) |
26.3 (79.3) |
26.8 (80.2) |
27.5 (81.5) |
28.1 (82.6) |
28.3 (82.9) |
28.4 (83.1) |
28.5 (83.3) |
27.2 (81.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.9 (73.2) |
22.7 (72.9) |
22.6 (72.7) |
22.6 (72.7) |
22.1 (71.8) |
21.1 (70.0) |
20.9 (69.6) |
21.1 (70.0) |
21.9 (71.4) |
22.4 (72.3) |
22.5 (72.5) |
22.9 (73.2) |
22.1 (71.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 123.7 (4.87) |
161.8 (6.37) |
220.1 (8.67) |
206.3 (8.12) |
93.2 (3.67) |
30.1 (1.19) |
17.4 (0.69) |
3.9 (0.15) |
0.4 (0.02) |
2.0 (0.08) |
5.5 (0.22) |
23.2 (0.91) |
887.6 (34.94) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 9 | 12 | 17 | 15 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 71 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 70.5 | 78.9 | 83.0 | 84.8 | 80.2 | 72.0 | 67.7 | 58.5 | 57.8 | 56.3 | 57.3 | 64.5 | 69.3 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 194.2 | 174.2 | 184.1 | 181.7 | 219.3 | 226.1 | 250.6 | 289.4 | 284.1 | 290.0 | 259.4 | 246.0 | 2,799.1 |
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia[5][6][7][8][9][10][11] | |||||||||||||
Education
[edit]Universities
[edit]- Universidade Vale do Acaraú (Acaraú Valley University)
- Universidade Federal do Ceará (Federal University of Ceará)
There are 105 schools in the city.[citation needed]
Public schools
[edit]- Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Sinhá Saboia
- Escola Estadual Dom José Tupinambá da Frota
- Escola Municipal Emílio Sendim
- Escola Municipal Maria do Carmo de Andrade
- Escola Municipal Mocinha Rodrigues
- Escola Padre Osvaldo Chaves
- Escola Prof Gerardo Rodrigues de Albuquerque
- colégio sobralense de tempo integral maria dias ibiapína
Private schools
[edit]- Escola Sant´Ana
- Escola Luciano Feijão
- Escola Farias Brito Sobralense
- Escola José Romão
- Escola do Patrocinio
- Escola São Francisco de Assis
- colégio maria imaculada
Media
[edit]Radio
[edit]The city has thirteen radio stations.
- Jovem Pan FM
- Rede Jangadeiro
- Rede Som Zoom Sat
- Rede Plus FM
- Coqueiros FM
- Paraíso FM
- Public Radio
- Sobral Public Radio
- Caiçara AM
- Tupinambá AM
- Regional
- Ressureição
- Educadora do Nordeste de Sobral
Television
[edit]The city has one television station, NordesTV.[12]
Tourist attractions
[edit]- Museu do Eclipse (Museum)
- Museu Dom José (Museum)
- Museu MADI (Museum)
- Teatro São José (Theatre)
- Teatro São João (Theatre)
- Biblioteca Pública Municipal (Library)
Access
[edit]Four roads give access to the city: BR-222, CE-440, CE-441 and BR-220.[13]
The city is served by Cel. Virgílio Távora Airport.
Notable people
[edit]- Antônio Renato Aragão, comic actor, film producer, and writer
- Belchior, singer
- Florent Amodio, figure skater
- Fernando Sobral, football player
- Daniel Sobralense, football player
- Emília Barreto, model and Miss Brazil 1955
- Zacarias Gondim, one of those responsible for creating the Anthem of Ceará.
- Caio Magalhães, MMA fighter
- Carlos Hamilton Vasconcelos Araújo, economist
- Luís Silvestre Gomes Coelho, colonel in the Brazilian Army and governor of the Territory of Acre
References
[edit]- ^ "Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics" (in Portuguese). 2017. Retrieved March 27, 2019.
2018 Area Total
- ^ IBGE 2022
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 8, 2014. Retrieved August 1, 2013.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Planetário de Sobral - Mapa Cultural do Ceará". January 27, 2015.
- ^ "Temperatura Máxima Mensal e Anual (°C)". Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020 (in Portuguese). Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved May 22, 2024.
- ^ "Temperatura Média Compensada Mensal e Anual (°C)". Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020 (in Portuguese). Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved May 22, 2024.
- ^ "Temperatura Mínima Mensal e Anual (°C)". Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020 (in Portuguese). Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved May 22, 2024.
- ^ "Precipitação Acumulada Mensal e Anual (mm)". Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020 (in Portuguese). Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved May 22, 2024.
- ^ "Número de dias no mês ou no ano com precipitação maior ou igual a (1 mm) (dias)". Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020 (in Portuguese). Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved May 22, 2024.
- ^ "Umidade Relativa do Ar Compensada Mensal e Anual (%)". Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020 (in Portuguese). Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved May 22, 2024.
- ^ "Insolação Total (horas)". Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020 (in Portuguese). Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved May 22, 2024.
- ^ "Nordestv, a afiliada do SBT no Ceará - Portal Tribuna do Ceará". Archived from the original on June 20, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
- ^ ".: DER - Departamento Estadual de Rodovias". Archived from the original on November 27, 2013. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
External links
[edit]- Photo of museum and monument Sobral where Einstein's theory of relativity was proven at the Wayback Machine (archived October 29, 2008)
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