Tsiang Tingfu

Tsiang Tingfu
Tsiang Tingfu
Chinese	蔣廷黻
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Jiǎng Tíngfú
Wade–Giles	Ch'iang T'ingfu
Tongyong Pinyin	Jiǎng Tíngfú
Yale Romanization	Jyǎng Tíngfú
IPA	[tɕjàŋ tʰǐŋfǔ]

Tsiang Tingfu
蔣廷黻
Tsiang Tingfu; 蔣廷黻
Born	December 7, 1895; Shaoyang, Qing China
Died	October 9, 1965 (aged 69); New York City, United States
Nationality	Republic of China
Known for	Qing, Modern Chinese history
	Scientific career
Fields	Historian

Template:Chinese name

Tsiang Tingfu (Chinese: 蔣廷黻; pinyin: Jiǎng Tíngfú; 17 February 1895 – 9 October 1965) was a historian and diplomat of the Republic of China. Tsiang was born in Shaoyang in Hunan Province. Tsiang's education from his teenage years had been Western and largely Christian, and he converted to Christianity at the age of 11. Having been urged to study in the U.S. by his teacher from a missionary school, in 1911, he was sent to study in the United States, where he attended the Park Academy, Oberlin College and Columbia University. His dissertation, "Labor and Empire: A Study of the Reaction of British Labor, Mainly as Represented in Parliament, to British Imperialism Since 1880," led him into issues in the relation of foreign relations and domestic politics which would structure his scholarship after he returned to China. After obtaining a Ph.D., he returned to China in 1923, where he first took up a position at Nankai University and then at Tsinghua University.^[1]

At Tsinghua, he became the head of the History Department, where he edited and published a number of works on Chinese history and published the English-language journal Chinese Social and Political Science Review. Using newly opened Qing dynasty archives and diplomatic publications, Tsiang argued that China should adopt Western approaches if it wanted to score diplomatic victories. Tsiang blamed China's unequal treatment by Western powers after the First Opium War (1839–42) on the Chinese unequal treatment of Western powers before the war. During his tenure at Tsinghua, he mentored a number of historians in the study of Qing history, including John K. Fairbank.^[2]

Following mounting tensions in China's relations with Japan, Tsiang left academia in 1935 and joined the Chinese Nationalist government, which he served in many different capacities throughout the Sino-Japanese War. In 1945, Tsiang became the Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations, and he subsequently also served as the ambassador of China to the United States. Following the establishment of the People's Republic of China on the Chinese mainland, Tsiang defended the exclusive right of the Taipei-based Republic of China to represent China in the United Nations and in the Security Council. He died in New York City in 1965.

1954 television interview

Notes

^ "Chiang T'ing-fu," Howard Boorman, Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Volume I (New York, Columbia University Press, 1967), 354-358).
^ "T.F. Tsiang and Modernization," John King Fairbank, China Bound: A Fifty Year Memoir (New York: Harper & Row, 1982), 85-93

References

Jiang Tingfu, Zhongguo jindaishi dagang (Outline of Modern Chinese History) (Chongqing: Qingnian shudian, 1939; rpr. Beijing: Dongfang chubanshe, 1996).
T.F. Tsiang, (Crystal Lorch, ed.), Reminiscences of Ting-fu Fuller Tsiang: Oral History (New York: Columbia Center for Oral History, 1965.
Ting-fu Jiang, Jiang Ting Fu Xuan Ji 蔣廷黻選集 (Taibei: Wenxing, 1965 4 vols. Reprinted)
Charles Ronald Lilley, "Tsiang T'ing-Fu between Two Worlds, 1895-1935," (Doctoral Thesis University of Maryland, College Park, 1979).

External links

Description of the Tsiang Diaries
A film clip "Longines Chronoscope with Tsiang F. Tingfu" is available for viewing at the Internet Archive
A film clip "Longines Chronoscope with Tsiang F. Tingfu" is available for viewing at the Internet Archive

Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Quo Tai-chi	Permanent Representative and Ambassador of China to the United Nations 1947 – 1962	Succeeded by Liu Chieh

[1] "Chiang T'ing-fu," Howard Boorman, Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Volume I (New York, Columbia University Press, 1967), 354-358).

[2] "T.F. Tsiang and Modernization," John King Fairbank, China Bound: A Fifty Year Memoir (New York: Harper & Row, 1982), 85-93

[1]

[2]

v t e Permanent Representatives and Ambassadors of China to the United Nations
Republic of China (1946–1971)	Guo Taiqi Tsiang Tingfu Liu Chieh
People's Republic of China (1971–present)	Huang Hua Chen Chu Ling Qing Li Luye Li Daoyu Li Zhaoxing Qin Huasun Wang Yingfan Wang Guangya Zhang Yesui Li Baodong Liu Jieyi Ma Zhaoxu Zhang Jun Fu Cong

v t e Chinese ambassadors to the United States
Qing minister 1875–1912	Chen Lanbin 1875–81 Cheng Tsao-Ju 1881–85 Zhang Yinhuan 1885–89 Tsui Kwo Yin 1889–93 Yang Yü 1893–96 Wu Tingfang 1896–1902 Liang Cheng 1902–07 Wu Tingfang 1907–09 Zhang Yintang 1909–11 Alfred Sao-ke Sze 1911–12
Republic of China Envoy 1912–35	Zhang Yintang 1912–13 Xia Xiefu 1913–15 V. K. Wellington Koo 1915–20 Alfred Sao-ke Sze 1920–29 Wu Chaoshu 1929–31 Yan Huiqing 1931–33 Alfred Sao-ke Sze 1933–35
Republic of China Ambassador 1935–79	Alfred Sao-ke Sze 1935–36 Chengting T. Wang 1936–38 Hu Shih 1938–42 Wei Tao-ming 1942–46 Wellington Koo 1946–56 Hollington Tong 1956–58 George Yeh 1958–61 Tsiang Tingfu 1961–65 Zhou Shukai 1965–71 James Shen 1971–79
People's Republic of China Liaison Office Chief 1973–79	Huang Zhen 1973–77 Chai Zemin 1978–79
People's Republic of China Ambassador 1979–present	Chai Zemin 1979–82 Zhang Wenjin 1983–85 Han Xu 1985–89 Zhu Qizhen 1989–93 Li Daoyu 1993–98 Li Zhaoxing 1998–2001 Yang Jiechi 2001–05 Zhou Wenzhong 2005–10 Zhang Yesui 2010–13 Cui Tiankai 2013–21 Qin Gang 2021–23 Xie Feng 2023-present

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF FAST WorldCat
National	Germany United States Japan Australia 2 Netherlands Norway Korea
Academics	CiNii
People	Trove 2
Other	NARA