Ulmus × intermedia
| Ulmus × intermedia | |
|---|---|
| Hybrid parentage | U. pumila × U. rubra |
| Origin | US |
The hybrid elm Ulmus × intermedia Elowsky is a natural hybrid occurring across Nebraska, derived from a crossing of Ulmus rubra and Ulmus pumila.[1] As Red Elm U. rubra is far less fertile, and highly susceptible to Dutch elm disease (:DED), it could eventually be hybridized out of existence by U. × intermedia.[2] The hybrid was first reported from the wild elsewhere in 1950 and was provisionally named U. × notha in 1994,[3] meanwhile the horticulture industry made a number of artificial crosses of the two species, such as 'Coolshade' and 'Fremont', in an attempt to create ornamental trees resistant to DED. [1]
Description
Ulmus × intermedia is significantly different from both parental species, except in biometrics such as leaf length to width ratios, number of teeth, petiole length, and pollen size. The leaves are 4.5–12 × 2.5–6 cm, petiole 0.3 × 1.2 cm, ovate to lanceolate, apex acuminate to acute, base oblique. The samarae are 11.5–21.0 × 10.0–20.0 mm, cream to white.[1] Atypically, fertility of the hybrid seed is high, occasionally in excess of 90%,[4] while Collins found in artificial hybridization no reduction of fertility in the F1 or F2 generations.[5]
Pests and diseases
Not known.
Cultivars
References
- ^ a b c Elowsky, C.G.; Jordon-Thaden, I.E.; Kaul, R.B. (10 July 2013). "A morphological analysis of a hybrid swarm of native Ulmus rubra Muhl. and introduced U. pumila L. (Ulmaceae) in southeastern Nebraska" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 2013–44: 1–23. ISSN 2153-733X. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
- ^ Schlautman, B., Zalapa, J., & Brunet, J. (2012). Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Ulmus pumila (Siberian elm), Ulmus rubra (Red elm) and their hybrids. Proc. Nebraska Acad. Sci. 2012. 106–107.
- ^ Swink, Floyd; Wilhelm, Gerould (1994). Plants of the Chicago Region (4 ed.). Indianapolis: Indiana Academy of Sciences. p. 761. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
- ^ Kaul, R. B. (1995). Natural and fertile hybrids of the native red elm, Ulmus rubra, with the introduced Siberian elm, U. pumila, are now producing hybrid swarms in Nebraska. Proc. Nebraska Acad. Sci. 105: 28–29.
- ^ Collins, P. E. (1967). Hybridization studies in the genus Ulmus. Ph.D dissertation, Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
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