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Ratings success and stability

[edit]
Full-page newspaper ad in April 1977 featuring WJKW general manager William Flynn

William Flynn took over as general manager for channel 8 in January 1977, having previously led WSBK-TV, Storer's independent in Boston.[1] His arrival came as WJW-TV changed their call letters to WJKW-TV on April 22, 1977; this followed the sale of WJW radio to an Art Modell-headed syndicate, which retained usage of the WJW calls.[2][3] One of Flynn's first changes was moving the soap opera spoof Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman from late nights to 7:30 p.m.;[4] the move was extensively criticized and reversed in one month,[5] and the station took out a full-page newspaper advertisement featuring Flynn.[1] The controversy led to Hoolihan and Big Chuck spoofing Mary Hartman with a series of "Mary Harkski, Mary Hartski" skits, which Flynn encouraged.[6][7] WJKW lost the Cleveland Indians and Cavaliers to WUAB in 1980; Flynn objected to sharing the Indians broadcast rights with a proposed cable outlet,[8] while the Cavs games had declining ratings.[9] Flynn was later regarded as a "swashbuckler"[5] and described by Schodowski as "... really brash, devil-may-care, a good drinker, and very much like Ernie Anderson. He had that much an impact."[10]

Flynn's first major personnel move was hiring former WKYC anchor Virgil Dominic as news director in March 1977.[11] Dominic came from WXIA-TV in Atlanta, where he had also been news director.[12] Addressing the station's last-place ratings against WEWS and WKYC,[13] Dominic removed Hale and Maynor from anchor duty and declined to renew their contracts.[14] Judd Hambrick, brother of onetime WEWS anchor John Hambrick, was hired as the new lead anchor, a move that led WJKW to distinguish between the brothers.[15] WEWS reporter Tim Taylor was hired as WJKW's consumer reporter;[16] by 1979, Taylor became co-anchor alongside Hambrick.[17] The station became affiliated with Call for Action in early 1978[18] and established an investigation unit with "Fact Finder" Tom Meyer[19] and "I-Team" reporter Carl Monday.[20][21] Dick Goddard hosted a local version of Bowling for Dollars from 1977 to 1978,[22][23] which was replaced by the local version of PM Magazine in 1979, with Jim Finnerty as co-host.[24] Neil Zurcher, a channel 8 feature reporter since 1967, reported on close-to-home travel destinations in the wake of the 1979 energy crisis;[25][26] his "One Tank Trip" segments proved popular and ran continuously until 2004.[27]

Hambrick left WJKW in November 1981, initially to start a production company for a syndicated newsmagazine[28] but subsequently became WKYC's lead anchor.[29] His replacement was Tana Carli, a former Miss Ohio who joined the station as a reporter in June 1980.[30][31] The male-female anchor pairing of Taylor and Carli was the first of its kind in Cleveland and signaled an eventual industry standard.[32] Carli left WJKW in December 1983 to be with husband Joseph Diminio, who took over for Flynn as general manager and, after their high-profile marriage, was promoted to lead Storer's television division in Miami.[33][34] Noon anchor Denise D'Ascenzo succeeded Carli as 1984 began; D'Ascenzo's visibility increased when she crossed the picket line during a WJKW technician strike in May 1983 that most on-air staff, including Carli, honored.[35][36] Casey Coleman, the son of Ken Coleman, joined WJKW in 1982 and became weeknight sportscaster at year's end;[37] from 1982 to 1985, Coleman split the duties with John Telich, who replaced Jim Mueller in the role one year earlier.[38][39]

The station had the WJW-TV call sign restored on September 16, 1985, after WJW radio was sold again and became WRMR.[40] Storer made the change out of sentimentality;[41] even after having the WJKW calls for eight years, the station was still frequently referred to by viewers as "WJW".[42] One month later, WJW-TV expanded its 6 p.m. news to an hour, moving the CBS Evening News to 7 p.m.[43] and coinciding with talent revamps for PM Magazine.[44] Assisted with The Phil Donahue Show as a lead-in, WJW's 6 p.m. news overtook WEWS for the top rating in early 1988, matching that station's top-rated 11 p.m. news.[45][46] A further revamp of PM paired Jan Jones with musician Michael Stanley:[47] despite increased ratings, PM was moved to weekends in the fall of 1988, then back to weeknights in January 1990 and renamed Cleveland Tonight that fall.[48] PM was credited with helping transition Stanley to a career as a media personality.[49] WJW also began simulcasting their 6 p.m. news on WHK in June 1990.[50]

D'Ascenzo left the station in March 1986 for a job at WFSB in Hartford, Connecticut. Robin Swoboda was hired from WTVJ in Miami as her replacement; Swoboda anchored WTVJ's noon news—under the name Robin Cole—directly opposite Carli at WPLG. WJW management recommended Swoboda use her real last name, feeling it would play well with Cleveland's ethnic community.[51] The on-air team of Taylor, Swoboda, Goddard and Coleman met with significant ratings success: by June 1988, WJW was ranked number one at noon, 6 and 11 p.m., and the 11 p.m. news was the top-rated program in all of Cleveland television.[52] Local media later described the four as "one of Cleveland's most memorable news teams"[53] and "the Mount Rushmore of Cleveland TV news".[54] Swoboda was offered a lucrative contract in 1988 to anchor in San Diego[55] and co-hosted the pilot of a syndicated show alongside Ahmad Rashad,[52] but she opted to remain in Cleveland.[56] Marrying former Browns punter Bryan Wagner,[57] Swoboda left WJW in June 1991 to co-host the NBC show Cover to Cover with Gayle King.[58] Morning anchor Denise Dufala took over for Swoboda and was highly regarded for a friendly, yet serious, on-air demeanor and strong community ties, while ratings for both 6 and 11 p.m. saw year-to-year increases.[59]

WJW logo c. 1989, with the "Cleveland's Own" slogan

WJW adopted the slogan "Cleveland's Own" in 1989, owing to the station's ratings dominance and homegrown talent, along with increased civic pride among local media;[60] the moniker was derided in some circles for the station's out-of-town ownership.[61] Aside from a brief de-emphasizing in early 1996,[62] the station has continued to use the slogan into the present day.[63]

Ownership instability

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KKR buyout and attempted sale to Lorimar

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Storer Communications was taken private in a $1.6 billion leveraged buyout by Kohlberg Kravis Roberts (KKR), a merchant banker. Completed in December 1985, the buyout was engineered to thwart a hostile takeover by Comcast[64] and an attempted liquidation of the company by dissatisfied shareholders.[65] KKR purchased Wometco Enterprises the previous year after no succession plan was found following the death of chairman Mitchell Wolfson,[66][67] and began the process of dismantling the conglomerate.[68] Wometco already owned several television stations in markets where Storer owned cable systems, including WTVJ in Miami, and owned a cable system in Atlanta where Storer owned WAGA-TV; the FCC's approval was conditional on KKR divesting in these overlapping markets.[69]

KKR originally planned to only sell WTVJ but soon entertained offers for some of the Storer stations.[70] On May 21, 1986, Lorimar-Telepictures, producer of Dallas, Knots Landing and Falcon Crest for CBS, agreed to purchase the Storer stations, production company, advertising sales division, Washington news bureau and WTVJ for $1.85 billion,[71][72] with WTVJ commanding $405 million.[73] This deal collapsed by late October 1986 when Lorimar asked to have WTVJ excluded.[74] Initially attributed to issues financing the deal and reduced cash flow estimates for WTVJ,[75][76] it was later revealed that CBS president Laurence Tisch objected to Lorimar purchasing a significant portion of the affiliate base and threatened to disaffiliate all the CBS affiliates in the deal, including WJW.[77] WTVJ was put up for sale separately by KKR and sold to NBC on January 16, 1987.[78]

George Gillett ownership, debt trouble, and sale rumors

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We went from being owned by this family company to being owned by a conglomerate when George Gillette's [sic] company bought the Storer stations. [Gillett] came in for the dog and pony show and was very candid with us; he promised to support us, and when one of the employees asked a question he couldn't answer, he would do a tap dance. He was very dynamic.

Kevin Salyer[79]

In 1987, George N. Gillett Jr. acquired majority control of the Storer stations;[80][81] the $1.3 billion deal was financed through junk bonds[82] and represented a valuation of nearly 15 times cash flow for the group.[83] KKR maintained 45-percent minority ownership.[84] To satisfy federal regulations, Gillett's existing station group was spun off to Busse Broadcasting, a company formed by Gillett employees.[85][86] Gillett was a major backer of local news production, to the point he called himself a "news junkie", but declined to commit to a larger budget for the station.[87] Shortly after the takeover, WJW debuted an hour-long morning newscast in February 1988 that included Dufala, sportscaster Dan Coughlin and meteorologist André Bernier, the latter arriving from KARE in Minneapolis–Saint Paul.[88] The newscast was seen as complementary to CBS This Morning.[47]

Gillett's purchase of the Storer stations, renamed SCI Television,[83][a] was troubled from the start. The junk bonds were raised prior to Black Monday: by November 1987, Gillett recorded a 10:1 debt-to-profit ratio[89] and faced a $153 million loan payment by October 1989.[83][90] Rumors started to emerge of Gillett selling WJW, along with his stations in Rochester, New York, and Nashville.[91] These rumors intensified by June 1988 when Gillett, who formerly had a role with the Miami Dolphins, expressed interest in buying the Seattle Seahawks.[92] Potential buyers included CBS, Group W, a consortium of station employees,[91] and former WUAB executive William Schwartz.[93] While ownership denied WJW was itself up for sale, they did accept buy bids for review.[90] WJW reportedly had an asking price of $190 million, which market analysts saw as a discount given Cleveland's market size and the station's ratings performance[94] but also reflected the high price paid for the group.[93] At the same time, Dominic—by then station manager and corporate news director for Storer/Gillett—was promoted to president and general manager, replacing C. David Whitaker, who transferred to Gillett's Tampa station, WTVT.[95]

By June 1989, WJW was officially taken off the market, reportedly due to WJW's ratings and a separate deal to sell his Baltimore station, WMAR-TV,[96] falling through.[97][98] Gillett's Nashville station WSMV-TV was sold earlier in the year.[99] Gillett boasted that the sale of WSMV was enough to shore up the company's financials,[100] but the firm missed the October 1989 loan payment, prompting three creditors to ask the United States Bankruptcy Court in Delaware that SCI Television be placed in involuntary Chapter 7 bankruptcy[83] while SCI offered a debt for equity exchange.[101] This exchange offer was agreed to within hours of a deadline placed by the Delaware court.[102] Bondholders acquired a 39-percent stake in SCI, while Gillett saw his ownership reduced to 41 percent and KKR's reduced to 15 percent;[84] KKR also cancelled a $190 million debit note held on SCI.[103] Gillett failed to meet a debt payment by August 1990, prompting S&P Global Ratings to lower the rating for Gillett Holdings from a C to a D.[104]

WJW continued to be a standout for SCI, which was noteworthy given decreased investment in equipment and maintenance.[93] By September 1991, the station cancelled Cleveland Tonight and laid off all personnel involved, effectively disbanding WJW's local production department; the move was blamed on both Gillett's financial woes and the departure of Swoboda, who took on additional duties with the show before leaving.[105][106] Swoboda's exit also rendered a $75,000 promotional campaign the station shot on film earlier in the year worthless.[107]

Bankruptcy and takeover by Ronald Perelman

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WJW was again placed for sale in September 1990 after a second sale attempt for WMAR,[108] but no offer materialized.[48] WNET president William F. Baker expressed interest in WJW, having offered to buy WKYC from NBC the year before, and the president of Viacom paid a visit to WJW's studios.[109] Gillett's financial pressures continued to mount after the WMAR sale was renegotiated to a lower price and a Denver bankruptcy judge denied any further extensions on a Chapter 11 filing.[58] The early 1990s recession also negatively impacted television station cash flow and advertising revenue,[109] on top of Gillett's failure to divest assets prior to a decline in station valuation.[58] Facing lawsuits from multiple creditors including Apollo Partners, Allstate and Fidelity Investments, Gillett Holdings filed for Chapter 11 on July 26, 1991.[110] After reaching another agreement with bondholders, Gillett Holdings was restructured in January 1992, with Gillett as a minority owner but maintaining day-to-day operational control.[111]

Ronald Perelman

Investor Ronald Perelman, regarded as a corporate raider and the owner of Revlon and Marvel Entertainment,[112] purchased majority control of SCI Television, including WJW-TV, on February 17, 1993,[113] pushing Gillett out entirely.[114] The transaction came through a bankruptcy court-approved Chapter 11 reorganization: Perelman's holding company MacAndrews & Forbes made a $100 million investment in SCI, which was still burdened by $1.3 billion in debt, in exchange for 53 percent of its equity.[115] WTVT was also included.[116] After the deal closed, SCI was folded into Perelman's New World Entertainment and renamed New World Communications.[112][117] This was one of several deals Perelman made in rapid succession, as he then purchased a stake in Genesis Entertainment via Four Star Television[118] and directly purchased infomercial producer Guthy-Renker.[119]

Perelman's takeover of SCI set off speculation regarding the station group's future with CBS, including using them to test future syndicated programming or to form a new network.[114] The previous June, CBS announced a change in compensation for affiliates, owing to a $200 million financial shortfall for the network: affiliates, including WJW, were now being asked to repay as much of 25 percent of the money provided by CBS and also had to pay CBS in order to air specific programs.[120] This came as WJW was already facing "several hundred thousand dollars" in decreased revenue.[121] Dominic continued to reiterate support for CBS, saying, "[t]hey are the only network whose only business is the business of broadcasting"[121] and "I think the country would suffer greatly if the network-affiliate system ever goes away".[120] When CBS debuted Late Show with David Letterman in August 1993, WJW delayed the show until midnight in favor of Murphy Brown reruns, which netted more revenue from local advertising.[122]

[B]uilding something from the ground up is more fun. The challenge is to take the people we had at 5 and blending them here at 8, with people like [Dick] Goddard, Carl Monday, Tom Meyer, Neil Zurcher—I have all these wonderful weapons at my disposal.

Andy Fishman, former WEWS producer, on joining WJW[123]

With newfound resources under New World, WJW made a flurry of talent hires, including producer Andy Fishman, entertainment reporter David Moss, and anchor/reporter Lou Maglio, all of whom came to WJW from WEWS.[123] WEWS lead anchor Wilma Smith—who had been with the station for 17 years and was regarded as a "focal point"—inked a five-year deal with WJW on December 20, 1993, that included co-anchoring the 11 p.m. news and a revamped 5 p.m. news in the mold of WEWS's Live on Five, which Smith co-anchored and which continually bested WJW in the ratings.[124] Negotiations between Smith and Dominic began in secret after WEWS failed to meet a right of first refusal deadline.[125] Smith debuted at the station on April 3, 1994, after a non-compete clause with WEWS was honored, and said of Dominic, "... coming here with Virgil is like a dream come true. He knows what we go through, the insecurities—so understanding, someone I've always admired."[123]

New World and the switch to Fox

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Main article: 1994–1996 United States broadcast television realignment

I guarantee you one thing. We are not going to be 'Fox 8.' There is no way in the world we are going to become 'Fox 8'. We are 'Cleveland's Own' and 'Newscenter 8,' and we intend to stay that way.

Virgil Dominic, WJW president and general manager[126]

On May 23, 1994, Fox parent News Corporation announced the purchase of a 20 percent stake in New World Communications, an investment of $500 million.[127] The deal included a groupwide multi-year affiliation agreement that had the majority of stations owned by—or in the process of being acquired by—New World, switch network affiliations to Fox after existing contracts expired per-station.[128][129] News Corp. chairman Rupert Murdoch called the agreement "the largest network affiliation realignment in television history" and said it would "forever change the competitive landscape of network television". WJW's inclusion in the deal meant that their CBS affiliation would end after 39 years.[127] This came after Fox outbid CBS for broadcast rights to the National Football Conference months earlier[130] and sought to upgrade its affiliate base.[131] Dominic was notified of the deal days in advance and sworn to secrecy; he later told the Plain Dealer, "My mouth fell to my knees. There was five or six seconds of absolute silence after [New World stations president Bob Selwyn] told me. It really was a shock."[126]

WJW was the first of these stations to switch to Fox on September 3, 1994, with outgoing Fox affiliate WOIO joining CBS;[132] Fox Kids went from WOIO to WBNX-TV.[133] With the switch, WJW-TV hired multiple personnel and added a local morning show, giving it the largest news staff and news output of any Ohio television station, but notably eschewed directly marketing their incoming Fox affiliation,[132] something Dominic publicly resisted.[126] WOIO had no news department but assumed operational control of WUAB in order to establish one;[134] Dufala, who already had been replaced by Smith as WJW's 11 p.m. co-anchor,[123] signed a contract with WOIO, while WJW re-signed Swoboda to co-anchor the 6 p.m. news.[57] WJW's switch came with three months' notice and altered more than 20 hours of programming per day,[135] or 87 percent of the schedule.[136] Ratings declined in all time slots but especially fell by half for the late-evening news after moving from 11 p.m.—a time slot WJW had won consistently since 1981—to 10 p.m., but still topped WUAB's newscast.[137][138] WJW's morning show also failed to retain the audience of its lead-in 6 a.m. news.[139]

Dominic retired in May 1995: while highly regarded for his "avuncular" stewardship of WJW,[140] the station struggled to maintain its prior news presentation more befitting of a CBS affiliation, a problem encountered by the rest of the New World stations.[141] Selwyn later said WJW "had the farthest to fall" because it had been so closely tied to CBS.[135] Fox Entertainment president John Matoian said the network was looking at broadening their programming beyond their original target 18–34 demographic, prompted largely by the reluctance of newer affiliates like WJW to identify with Fox.[142] Dominic was replaced by Bob Rowe; under Rowe, previously the general manager of KNXV-TV in Phoenix,[135] the station rebranded in November 1995 to "Fox is Ei8ht" / "Ei8ht is News",[138] a slogan derided among viewers for its continuous on-air repetition.[140] The morning newscasts were retooled into a three-hour program[138] which saw its audience double year-over-year during the first month, while WJW saw ratings increases in several dayparts.[143]

Fox ownership

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We have to reshape TV-8 because it's a Fox station now. You have a different platform to promote from for shows like Melrose Place and Party of Five.

Mike Renda, WJW general manager[53]

News Corp. agreed to purchase New World Communications in a $2.5 billion deal announced on July 17, 1996, with WJW joining Fox's owned-station division; talks between the two companies stalled earlier in the year but restarted when Perelman pursued a deal for King World.[144] Beginning in August 1996, WJW began rebranding from "Ei8ht is News" to "Fox 8" in preparation for the changeover, the same branding Dominic publicly resisted implementing two years earlier.[145] The nature of the rebranding led some station employees to joke internally, "Fox Ei8ht Us".[146]

The turnover extended over-the-air. Prior to the start of the November 1996 sweeps, Rowe demoted Casey Coleman from weeknight sportscasting duties in favor of Mark Schroeder; Coleman, who had also been the radio voice of the Browns from 1994 until their 1996 move to Baltimore,[53] was criticized for his close friendship with Bill Belichick and had been perceived as "negative".[147] News director Kathy Williams, who was reportedly upset over Coleman's demotion,[53] left for like duties at WKYC several weeks later, with Rowe tabbing Greg Easterly, a former producer/director at KNXV, as her replacement.[148] When the deal closed, Rowe was dismissed and replaced by Mike Renda, a former sales manager at WJW.[149] Renda and Easterly made a partial reversal of Coleman's demotion, restoring him to the 6 p.m. news in early March 1997,[39] but declined to renew his contract at the end of June.[150] Coleman's replacement was Tony Rizzo, son of former Cleveland television personality Jack Reynolds and the sportscaster for John Lanigan's show at WMJI,[151] whose on-air persona was seen as a stark contrast to Coleman's.[53]

Robin Swoboda left WJW a second time in early January 1998,[152] which she largely attributed to the station's handling of Coleman, saying, "[t]hat's one of the reasons I don't love this business anymore. Casey was Cleveland sports. It's not fair."[53] Wilma Smith was consequently moved from the 5 p.m. news—which tied in the ratings against reruns on WUAB and had a poor lead-in with The Rosie O'Donnell Show—to 6 p.m. opposite Tim Taylor, matching their 10 p.m. pairing.[153] While seen as "slumbering" against stiff competition from WKYC and WEWS,[154][155] WJW consistently led at 10 p.m. and beat WUAB by a 2–1 margin during the February 1998 sweeps.[156] Ratings improved at 6 a.m. and noon by 1999,[157] and in 2000, WJW was ranked first sign-on to sign-off in multiple key demographics, with the 8 a.m. hour competitive against the network morning shows.[158] Renda credited the stability under Fox ownership for much of the success, saying, "[f]or years we were operating with rubber bands and glue. Fox has given us capital—and we're working for a real broadcaster now."[5]

WJW ranked as the highest-rated Fox affiliate in the country in February 2001, with the station leading in the 25–54 demographic in every newscast,[159] aided by Fox's primetime lineup and the acquisition of Judge Judy as a lead-in for 5 p.m.[160] The success in mornings came alongside increased viewership for morning news industry-wide,[161] while the success at 6 and 10 p.m. was attributed to the stability of WJW's anchor team of Smith, Taylor and Goddard; as Taylor told The Plain Dealer, "people in Cleveland abhor change".[162] By 2004, WJW faced heightened competition from WKYC, particularly at 5 a.m. and 6 p.m., and Dr. Phil on WKYC at 5 p.m. topped all competing newscasts.[163] As 2005 began, Smith and Taylor reduced their schedule to anchor solely at 6 p.m. by their request, and Bill Martin and Stacey Bell took over anchoring at 10 p.m., reflecting WJW's dominance in the late-evening news while also raising the profiles of Martin and Bell.[164] The change foreshadowed Taylor's retirement at the end of 2005, ending a 40-year career in broadcasting and 27 years at channel 8.[32][165] Lou Maglio replaced Taylor as 6 p.m. co-anchor,[166] a role he continues to hold.[63]

In early 2007, the station launched That's Life, a local late-morning talk show hosted by Swoboda, who returned to WJW for her third stint;[167] the show was inspired in part by WEWS's The Morning Exchange, which Swoboda briefly co-hosted in 1998.[168][169] That's Life was also the first locally-produced program in the market to be broadcast in high-definition.[167] By 2010, That's Life was renamed The Robin Swoboda Show.[170]

Local TV, Tribune and Nexstar ownership

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Weeknight anchors Lou Maglio, Tracy McCool and Dontae Jones

On December 22, 2007, Fox sold WJW and seven other stations to Local TV for $1.1 billion; the stations were divested so News Corp. could raise additional capital for its $5 billion purchase of Dow Jones & Company.[171] The sale coincided with WJW debuting a news set, logo and graphics more closely tied to Fox News, and the station's website moved to Fox's "myfox" internet platform.[172][173] Mike Renda was transferred to WTXF-TV, Fox's owned-and-operated station in Philadelphia, and Greg Easterly succeeded him as general manager.[174] The sale was finalized on July 14, 2008;[175] up to 25 staffers left the station prior to the sale's close, with some taking early retirement in order to access a benefits package provided by Fox, and the station's Columbus bureau was closed.[176] Lead investigative reporter Tom Merriman left WJW to resume a career in legal work when one colleague in the station's "I-Team" unit was reassigned to consumer reporting and another was promoted to anchor duties.[176]

During Local TV ownership, WJW's analog signal was shut down on June 12, 2009, as part of the transition from analog to digital television;[177] the station's digital signal relocated from its pre-transition UHF channel 31 to VHF channel 8.[178] Swoboda left the station in January 2011 after disagreeing over the inclusion of sponsored segments; The Robin Swoboda Show was replaced with New Day Cleveland, an infotainment program hosted by David Moss and Kristi Capel,[179] and has remained on the lineup to the present day.[63] The following year, Capel was promoted to morning co-anchor[180] alongside Wayne Dawson, who joined channel 8 in 1979 and became lead morning anchor in 1999.[181] Wilma Smith retired on May 22, 2013, ending a 36-year career in television, almost all of it working in the Cleveland market.[182][183]

WJW's helicopter, "SkyFox"

Tribune Broadcasting acquired Local TV on July 1, 2013, for $2.75 billion.[184][185] News expansion furthered under Local TV and Tribune, including weekend morning news in 2011[186] and a 4 p.m. newscast in 2013.[187] In April 2014, Easterly was promoted to the general manager role at WGN-TV, Tribune's flagship station,[188] while Andy Fishman was elevated that November to the role of news director,[189] which he still holds.[63] After being rescued from years of captivity by Ariel Castro in 2013, Amanda Berry joined WJW in 2017 to host regular missing person segments.[190]

Sinclair Broadcast Group announced a $3.9 billion purchase of Tribune Broadcasting on May 8, 2017.[191] The deal raised concerns over the future of WJW's newscasts due to Sinclair's track record of undermining editorial independence at the station level.[192] Sinclair agreed to sell WJW back to Fox Television Stations as part of a seven-station, $910 million deal, contingent on the Sinclair-Tribune deal closing,[193][194] but this was nullified when Tribune terminated the merger on August 9, 2018,[195][196] following a rejection of the deal by FCC chairman Ajit Pai.[197] Following the Sinclair-Tribune merger collapse, Tribune agreed to be purchased by Nexstar Media Group on December 3, 2018, for $6.4 billion.[198] After the sale closed on September 16, 2019, Fox declined to reacquire WJW despite "high-stakes negotiations" between the two groups.[199]

Nexstar subsequently purchased WBNX on October 28, 2024, for an unspecified amount; WBNX will become the Cleveland market's CW affiliate[b] when the deal closes in September 2025.[201]

As of 2021, WJW produces up to 12+1⁄2 hours of local programming on weekdays.[63]

Notable former on-air staff

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Technical information

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WJW's transmitter tower as seen from a nearby shopping plaza in Parma, Ohio.

Subchannels

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The station's signal is multiplexed:

Subchannels of WJW[215]
Channel Res. Aspect Short name Programming
8.1 720p 16:9 FOX Fox
8.2 480i ANTENNA Antenna TV
8.3 COMET Comet
8.4 CHARGE Charge!

ATSC 3.0 testing

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WJW's initial digital transmitter on UHF channel 31 prior to the 2009 digital transition has remained in a functional, though dormant, state. Tribune Broadcasting donated the transmitter to the National Association of Broadcasters, which it used to conduct a six-month test of the ATSC 3.0 standard beginning in May 2015 as WI9X3Y.[216][217] The transmitter remained active for the duration of the 2016 World Series—in which the Cleveland Indians played—and broadcast in 4K UHD with Dolby AC-4 audio.[218]

Notes

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  1. ^ The subsidiary that held WJW's license was renamed Gillett Communications of Cleveland, Inc.[87]
  2. ^ WBNX was previously the Cleveland affiliate for The CW from 2006 until 2018.[200]

References

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  1. ^ a b Hart, Raymond P. (May 8, 1977). "Will the real Bill Flynn please sit down!". The Plain Dealer. Cleveland, Ohio. pp. 1, 6:Five. Retrieved December 4, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  2. ^ "In Brief...". Broadcasting. Vol. 91, no. 10. September 6, 1976. p. 30. ProQuest 1016885483.
  3. ^ "Ch. 8 changing its call letters". The Akron Beacon Journal. April 7, 1977. p. B16. Retrieved December 4, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^ Hart, Raymond P. (February 5, 1977). "'Mary' to move despite calls". The Plain Dealer. Cleveland, Ohio. p. 4B. Retrieved December 4, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. ^ a b c Heldenfels, R.D. (December 12, 1999). "WJW celebrates 50th anniversary in broadcasting". The Akron Beacon Journal. pp. F1, F3. Archived from the original on December 3, 2024. Retrieved December 3, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^ Sammon, Judy (February 9, 1977). "Today". The Plain Dealer. Cleveland, Ohio. p. 2. Archived from the original on June 2, 2024. Retrieved June 2, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. ^ Schodowski & Feran 2008, pp. 184–185.
  8. ^ "Radio-Television: WUAB Gets Cleveland Indians After WJKW's Cable Squabble". Variety. Vol. 297, no. 1. November 7, 1979. p. 58. ProQuest 1286045844.
  9. ^ Ocker, Sheldon (March 18, 1980). "Channel 8 likely to drop Cavs' telecasts next year". The Akron Beacon Journal. p. D2. Archived from the original on October 4, 2022. Retrieved October 4, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^ Schodowski & Feran 2008, p. 182.
  11. ^ "Names ...and faces: Ratings race". The Akron Beacon Journal. February 8, 1977. p. A2. Retrieved December 4, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^ Hart, Raymond P. (February 24, 1977). "What about WABQ? Black community is reassured". The Plain Dealer. Cleveland, Ohio. p. 8B. Retrieved December 4, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ^ Zaidan, Abe (July 10, 1977). "Anchors away: Casualties high in TV rating struggle". The Akron Beacon Journal. pp. A1, A11. Retrieved December 4, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
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Bibliography

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