Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies

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Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID)

IHEID Logo

The Villa Barton campus on the shores of Lake Geneva.
Established 1927[1]
Type Semi-private specialized university
Budget 64 million CHF
Director Philippe Burrin
Academic staff 59 professors, 9 lecturers, 25 visiting[2]
Students 785 (83% international)[2]
Location Geneva, Switzerland
Campus Urban
Former names The Graduate Institute of International Studies (1927–2007)
Working languages English and French
Nickname The Graduate Institute, IHEID or HEI
Affiliations Europaeum, APSIA, EUA, ECUR, EADI, AUF
Website http://www.graduateinstitute.ch
IHEID is located in Switzerland
IHEID
Location: Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva, Switzerland

The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (French: Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement, abbreviated to IHEID) is a postgraduate university located in Geneva, Switzerland. In academic and professional circles, the Graduate Institute is considered one of Europe's most prestigious institutions.[3][4] The Institute's alumni include ambassadors, royalty, foreign ministers, heads of state, and former Secretary-General of the United Nations, Kofi Annan, and counts seven Nobel prize recipients and one Pulitzer prize winner among its alumni and current/former faculty. It specializes in the fields of political science, international relations, international law, international economics, international history, anthropology and development studies.

The school has a diverse student body and cosmopolitan character due to its 80 percent intake of international students, of over 100 nationalities.[2] It is located blocks from the United Nations headquarters in Europe, the World Trade Organization, the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, and the World Health Organization.

It is a full member of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs, an organization of leading universities with programs in international studies. It is recognized by the Swiss government as an independent academic institution.

The Graduate Institute is continental Europe's oldest school of international relations (Aberystwyth University in Wales was founded in 1919) and was the first university dedicated solely to the study of international affairs. It offered one of the first doctoral programs in international relations in the world. In 2008, the Graduate Institute of International Studies absorbed the Graduate Institute of Development Studies (IUED), a smaller post-graduate institution also based in Geneva. The merger resulted in the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies.[5]

Contents

History [edit]

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The Graduate Institute of International Studies was founded in 1927 due in large part to the efforts of scholar–diplomats William Rappard and Paul Mantoux, who both worked as senior officials in the Palais Wilson building of the League of Nations headquarters.

Earlier logo of the Graduate Institute of International Studies (HEI)

Unsurprisingly, the school's history is intimately linked to that of the many international organizations based in Geneva. Its original mandate was based on a close working relationship with both the League of Nations and the International Labour Organization. It was agreed that in exchange for training staff and delegates, the Institute would receive intellectual resources and diplomatic expertise (guest lecturers, etc.) from the aforementioned organizations. According to its statutes, HEI was "an institution intended to provide students of all nations the means of undertaking and pursuing international studies, most notably of a historic, judicial, economic, political and social nature."

The institute managed to attract a number of eminent faculty and lecturers, particularly from countries mired in oppressive Nazi regimes, e.g., Hans Wehberg and Georges Scelle for law, Maurice Bourquin for diplomatic history, and the rising young Swiss jurist, Paul Guggenheim. Indeed, it is said that William Rappard had observed, ironically, that the two men to whom the Institute owed its greatest debt were Mussolini and Hitler. Subsequently more noted scholars would join the Institute's faculty. Hans Kelsen, the well-known theorist and philosopher of law, Guglielmo Ferrero, Italian historian, and Carl Burckhardt, scholar and diplomat all called the Graduate Institute home. Other arrivals, similarly seeking refuge from dictatorships, included the eminent free market economy historian, Ludwig von Mises, and another economist, Wilhelm Ropke, who greatly influenced German postwar liberal economic policy as well as the development of the theory of a social market system.[6]

After a number of years, the Institute had developed a system whereby cours temporaires were given by prominent intellectuals on a week, semester, or yearlong basis. These cours temporaires were the intellectual showcase of the Institute, attracting such names as Raymond Aron, René Cassin, Luigi Einaudi, John Kenneth Galbraith, G. P. Gooch, Gottfried Haberler, Friedrich von Hayek, Hersch Lauterpacht, Lord McNair, Gunnar Myrdal,[7] Harold Nicolson, Philip Noel Baker, Pierre Renouvin, Lionel Robbins, Jean de Salis, Count Carlo Sforza, and Jacob Viner.

IHEID's new logo at Villa Barton's main gate.

Another cours temporaire professor, Montagu Burton Professor of International Relations at Oxford University, Sir Alfred Zimmern, left a particularly lasting mark on the Institute. As early as 1924, while serving on the staff of the International Council for intellectual Cooperation in Paris, Zimmern began organizing international affairs summer schools under the auspices of the University of Geneva, 'Zimmern schools', as they became known. The initiative operated in parallel with the early planning for the launch of the Graduate Institute and the experience acquired by the former helped to shape the latter.[6]

Despite its small size, (before the 1980s the faculty never exceeded 25 members), the Institute boasts four faculty members who have received Nobel Prizes for economics - Gunnar Myrdal, Friedrich von Hayek, Maurice Allais, and Robert Mundell.

For a period of almost thirty years (1927–1954) HEI was funded predominantly through the support of the Rockefeller Foundation. Since then the Canton of Geneva and the Swiss Federal Council bear most of the costs associated with the Institute. This transfer of financial responsibility coincided with the 1955 arrival of William Rappard's successor as Director of the Institute, Lausanne historian Jacques Freymond. Freymond inaugurated a period of great expansion, increasing the range of subjects taught and the number of both students and faculty, a process that continued well after his retirement in 1978. Under Freymond's tenure, HEI hosted many international colloquia that discussed preconditions for east-west negotiations, relations with China and its rising influence in world affairs, European integration, techniques and results of politico-socioeconomic forecasting (the famous early Club of Rome reports, and the Futuribles project led by Bertrand de Jouvenel), the causes and possible antidotes to terrorism, Pugwash Conference concerns and much more. Freymond's term also saw many landmark publications, including the Treatise on international law by Professor Paul Guggenheim and the six-volume compilation of historical documents relating to the Communist International.[6]

The Graduate Institute of Development Studies (GIDS, French: Institut universitaire d’études du développement, IUED) was a graduate school focusing on development studies. Created in 1961 by Jacques Freymond as the Institut Africain de Genève (African Institute of Geneva), GIDS' stated goal was to promote teaching and research concerning international development and to encourage students from the Global South. The GIDS trained several generations of development activists in Switzerland and in the world (including at PhD level after 1995) and was at the center of a huge international network. Very active in concrete development projects, the GIDS was also known in the francophone world for proposing an alternative and a critical view of development aid and world affairs,[8] as well as for its journal, the Cahiers de l'IUED. It was also among the pioneer institutions in Europe for the intellectual development of the sustainable development perspective.

Academics [edit]

The Graduate Institute comprises five academic departments: International Relations & Political Science; International History; International Law; International Economics; and Anthropology & Sociology of Development. Each department offers a disciplinary Ph.D. and M.A. Furthermore, two interdisciplinary Master's programmes are offered, one International Affairs and one in Development. In addition, the Institute offers a number of LL.M. Degree programmes with the University of Geneva and Georgetown University. Finally, the Institute offers a range of Executive education programmes, including an LL.M. in International Law and Executive Masters in Asian Affairs or International Negotiation and Policy-Making.

Based on a rigorous requirement for academic quality, teaching at the Institute has the following distinctive characteristics: high priority on interaction between students and faculty, bilingualism in the two official languages of the Institute (English and French), and concern for career prospects of students. Admission to the Graduate Institute's study programmes is highly competitive, with only 18% of applicants admitted to the Graduate Institute's study programmes in 2012.[9]

Campus [edit]

The Maison de la Paix campus under construction.
The Villa Moynier campus.
The Edgar de Picciotto Student Residence.

IHEID is composed of 9 different buildings in and around Geneva's international quarter (near the UN's Geneva headquarters) and Lake Geneva.

An extension to the campus is under construction, including the Maison de la Paix (House of Peace), scheduled to be finished in 2013.[10] The new campus intends to bring the various departments of the Institute and the library all under one roof. The Maison de la Paix will also house three international centres supported by the Swiss government: the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF), the Geneva Centre for Security Policy (GCSP) and the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining (GICHD).[10] The library of the Maison de la Paix will be named after two Institute alumni - Ambassador Shelby Cullom Davis and his wife Kathryn Davis, following the Davis' $10 million donation to the Institute.[11]

The current main building, the Villa Barton, is located in Parc Barton, a private park on the shores of Lake Geneva. Another campus is the Villa Moynier campus, which opened in October 2009 to house the Institute-based Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights. The building is of symbolic significance, as it was originally owned by Gustave Moynier, co-founder of the International Committee of the Red Cross, and subsequently used by the League of Nations and the headquarters of the ICRC between 1933 and 1946. The Edgar de Picciotto Student Residence, finally, was completed in 2012 and provides 135 apartments for students and visiting professors.

IHEID is also planning to build the Portail des Nations (or Gate of Nations) near the Palace of Nations. The new building will house a series conference rooms for students and host exhibitions on the role of Geneva in international politics.[12]

Library [edit]

The Graduate Institute library holds 350,000 books about social sciences, journals and annual publications, making it one of the richest libraries in the fields of development and international relations in Europe.

Research [edit]

The Institute's research activities are conducted both at fundamental and applied levels with the objective of bringing analysis to international actors, private or public, of main contemporary issues. These research activities are conducted by the faculty of the Institute, as part of their individual work, or by interdisciplinary teams within centres and programmes whose activity focus on these main fields:

  • Conflict, security, and peacebuilding
  • Development policies and practices
  • Culture, religion, and identity
  • Environment and natural resources
  • Finance
  • Gender
  • Globalisation
  • Governance
  • Migration and refugees
  • Non-state actors and civil society
  • Rural development
  • Trade, regionalism, and integration
  • Dispute settlement
  • Humanitarian action

Furthermore, IHEID is home to the Swiss Chair of Human Rights, the Curt Gasteyger Chair in International Security and Conflict Studies, the André Hoffmann Chair in Environmental Economics, the Pictet Chair in Environmental International Law, the Pictet Chair in Finance and Development, the Yves Oltramare Chair on Politics and Religion, and the Swiss Chair of International Humanitarian Law.

Research Centers and Programs [edit]

The centres and programmes of the Institute distribute analysis and research that contributes to the analysis of local international organisations headquartered in Geneva:

Partnerships and Networks [edit]

The Institute’s teaching, training and research activities rely on a network of partners in Switzerland and throughout the world.

Switzerland [edit]

The Institute and the University of Geneva co-manage research centres and joint programmes, including the Geneva Academy of International humanitarian law and human rights, established in 2002 in collaboration with the Faculty of Law at University of Geneva, and the Geneva Centre for Education and Research in Humanitarian Action, established in 2009. The Institute has created, together with the University of Geneva and other Swiss academic partners, the Swiss Network of International Studies in Geneva which aims at strengthening the field of international studies in Switzerland and stimulating cooperation between academic institutions and international organisations. The Institute also manages the Academic Platform Switzerland UN, which promotes the study of the United Nations in Switzerland.

Global Partnerships and Student Exchange Programs [edit]

The Institute has entered into a partnership for the delivery of joint diplomas with the Georgetown University Law Center.

Student exchange agreements have been signed with a growing number of institutions worldwide, including Georgetown Law School, Boston University School of Law, Harvard Law School, Michigan Law School, UCLA School of Law, Sciences Po Paris - Institut d'Études Politiques de Paris, the Graduate School of International Studies at Seoul National University, the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore, the Graduate School of Arts and Science at Yale University, the Elliott School of International Affairs at George Washington University, the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University, the Graduate School of Asia-Pacific Studies at Waseda University, the Hertie School of Governance in Berlin, the School of International Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University in India, Tsinghua University in China, Gadjah Mada University in Indonesia, El Colegio de México in Mexico, the University of Ghana, Cheikh Anta Diop University in Senegal, University of Malaya in Malaysia, as well as the University of St. Gallen and ETH Zürich in Switzerland.

The Executive Education division of the Institute has entered into a partnership with Thunderbird School of Global Management, and has additional partnership agreements with a number of institutions around the world.

Associations and Academic Networks [edit]

The Institute is an active member of the following associations and academic networks:

  • APSIA - Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs: The world’s main academic institutions specialising in international relations and international public policy are represented among APSIA’s thirty-odd members.
  • European University Association: Represents and supports more than 850 institutions of higher education in 46 countries, providing them with a forum for cooperation and exchange of information on higher education and research policies.
  • Europaeum: Created at the initiative of the University of Oxford, the Europaeum is composed of ten leading European institutions of higher education and research.
  • European Consortium for Political Research: The ECPR is an independent scholarly association that supports the training, research and cross-national cooperation of many thousands of academics and graduate students specialising in political science and all its sub-disciplines.
  • European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes: The EADI is the largest existing network of research and training institutes active in the field of development studies. It publishes the European Journal of Development Research (EJDR) as well as monographs (Amsterdam University Press). It also organises a General Conference every three years.
  • Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie: The AUF supports the build-up a French-language research area between French-speaking universities. The Institute is one of 536 members belonging to the AUF and takes part in its exchange programmes in the fields of teaching and research.
  • National Centre of Competence and Research North-South: A research programme in the fields of global change and sustainable development based partly at IHEID. The programme is funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation.
  • Swiss University Conference: The SUC is a governmental organization tasked with accrediting officially recognized Swiss universities.

Publications [edit]

Most of the Institute's professors' work is published in external periodicals or with foreign editors. For instance, the IHEID has established publishing partnerships to publish IHEID series with the Presses universitaires de France, Éditions Khartala (establishing the DéveloppementS series), Palgrave MacMillan and Dutch publisher Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.

The Graduate Institute's Publications Office has published the International Development Policy Series in cooperation with Palgrave Macmillan, and supports the publication and distribution of the best Ph.D. theses and of monographs. IHEID is also a publication partner for the Refugee Survey Quarterly, the Journal of International Dispute Settlement, Relations Internationales, and the European Journal of Development Research. The Journal of International Criminal Justice, meanwhile, is hosted at the Graduate Institute based Geneva Academy of International humanitarian law and human rights.

Organization [edit]

Legal Status [edit]

Historian Philippe Burrin, Director of the Graduate Institute since 2004.

IHEID is constituted as a Swiss private law foundation, Fondation pour les hautes études internationales et du développement, sharing a convention with the University of Geneva.[13] This is a particular organizational form, because IHEID is constituted as a foundation of private law fulfilling a public purpose. In addition, the political responsibility for the Institute shared between the Swiss Confederation and the Canton of Geneva. Usually in Switzerland, it is the responsibility of the Cantons to run public universities, except for the Federal Institutes of Technology (ETHZ and EPFL). IHEID is therefore something like a hybrid institution, in-between the two standard categories.[14]

Foundation Board [edit]

The Foundation Board is the administrative body of the Institute. It assembles academics, politicians, people of public live and practitioners. Jacques Forster (Vice President of the ICRC) is President of the Board. The vice-president is Isabelle Werenfels (senior researcher at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs). The Board includes among others: Iris Bohnet (professor at the Kennedy School of Government), Julia Marton-Lefèvre (Director of the Union for the Conservation of Nature), Joëlle Kuntz (journalist), and Yves Mény (president emeritus of the European University Institute in Florence).[5]

Administration [edit]

The Institute is headed by Philippe Burrin and his deputy Elisabeth Prügl.

Alumni and Alumnae [edit]

Kofi Annan: alumnus, former UN Secretary-General and Nobel Peace prize recipient.
Micheline Calmy-Rey: alumna, former Swiss foreign minister and President of the Swiss Federal Council in 2007 and 2011.
Mohamed ElBaradei: alumnus, former IAEA Director-General and Nobel Peace prize recipient.
Hans-Gert Pöttering: alumnus and former European Parliament president (2007-9).
Hans Morgenthau: alumnus and noted international relations theorist.
Hernando de Soto: alumnus, Peruvian economist and ILD President.
Carlos Fuentes: alumnus, Mexican novelist and essayist.

Government, Diplomacy and International Organizations [edit]

Academia [edit]

Private sector [edit]

Writers and Journalists [edit]

Civil society [edit]

Miscellaneous [edit]

Prominent faculty [edit]

Former [edit]

Current [edit]

  • Richard Baldwin — Professor of International Economics.
  • Thomas J. Biersteker — Curt Gasteyger Professor of International Security, Council on Foreign Relations scholar.
  • Andrew Clapham — Professor of International Law, former Representative of Amnesty International at the United Nations, and former Adviser on International Humanitarian Law to the Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General in Iraq.
  • Pierre-Marie Dupuy — Professor of International Law, whose Droit international public is "one of the best known French international law textbooks" according to the European Society of International Law.
  • Keith Krause — Professor of International Relations, director of the Small Arms Survey.
  • Jussi Hanhimäki — Professor of International History, recipient of the 2002 Bernath Prize for his book The Flawed Architect: Henry Kissinger and American Foreign Policy.
  • Ilona Kickbusch — Adjunct Professor, leading thinker in the fields of health promotion and global health.
  • Joost Pauwelyn — Professor of International Law, famous scholar in WTO law and public international law.
  • Jan Klabbers — Professor of International Law, leading expert on the law of treaties.
  • Marcelo Kohen — Professor of International Law, scholar with experience practicing before the International Court of Justice.
  • Xiang Lanxin — Professor of International History and Politics, former Kissinger Chair of Foreign Policy and International Relations at the Library of Congress.
  • Patrick Low — Professor of International Economics, Chief Economist at the World Trade Organisation.
  • Nicolas Michel — Professor of International Law, former Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs and United Nations Legal Counsel.
  • Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Mohamedou — Visiting professor of International History, former Foreign Minister of Mauritania and acclaimed Al Qaeda specialist.
  • Ugo Panizza — Pictet Professor in Development and Finance.
  • Martin Riesebrodt — Yves Oltramar Professor of Religion and Politics.
  • Gilbert Rist — Honorary Professor of Social Anthropology and Development
  • Timothy Swanson — André Hoffmann Professor of Environmental Economics.
  • Jean-Michel Servet — Professor of Development Economics.
  • Jorge E. Viñuales — Pictet Professor in International Environmental Law.
  • Charles Wyplosz - Professor of International Economics, regular columnist in the Financial Times, Le Monde, Libération, Le Temps, Finanz und Wirtschaft, and Handelsblatt.

Notes and references [edit]

  1. ^ "Who we are". Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. Retrieved 27 October 2012. 
  2. ^ a b c "Factsheet: The Institute in 2012" (PDF). Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. Retrieved 13 October 2012. 
  3. ^ "The Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva". Study iHub. September 13, 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2012. 
  4. ^ "Kendra Magraw ('10) Accepted at Geneva's Prestigious IHEID". University of Minnesota. September 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2012. 
  5. ^ a b "Fondation pour l’étude des relations internationales et du développement, Genève: Statuts de la fondation et composition du premier conseil de fondation". news.admin.ch (in French). Département fédéral de l'intérieur. 16 May 2007. Retrieved 13 October 2012. 
  6. ^ a b c "Still Generating the Geneve Internationale". The Europeam Review. Volume 5, Issue 2. Retrieved 2 January 2013. 
  7. ^ a b "Gunnar Myrdal". Encyclopædia Britannica Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 2012. Retrieved 14 October 2012. 
  8. ^ http://www.infosud.org/spip.php?page=article&id_article=5076
  9. ^ "Rentrée académique". Retrieved 15 December 2012. 
  10. ^ a b Sophie Davaris (December 3, 2008). "IHEID dévoile son campus et la future Maison de la Paix". Tribune de Genève (in French). Retrieved 13 October 2012. 
  11. ^ Philippe Burrin (Spring 2009). "A US$ 10 Million Grant from Mrs Kathryn Davis". Globe No. 3. Retrieved 11 October 2012. 
  12. ^ "La Fondation Pictet pour le développement donne 25 millions à la Genève internationale". Le Temps (in French). Retrieved 14 October 2012. 
  13. ^ "The Foundation". IHEID. 2012. Retrieved 13 October 2012. 
  14. ^ "Bund finanziert Genf neue Hochschule". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in German). 28 May 2006. Retrieved 13 October 2012. 
  15. ^ "Hans Joachim Morgenthau". Encyclopædia Britannica Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 2012. Retrieved 13 October 2012. 

Bibliography [edit]

  • The Graduate Institute of International Studies Geneva: 75 years of service towards peace through learning and research in the field of international relations, The Graduate Institute, 2002.

External links [edit]

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