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| Mahabad مهاباد |
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|---|---|
| — city — | |
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|
 Mahabad
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| Coordinates: 36°45′47″N 45°43′20″E / 36.76306°N 45.72222°ECoordinates: 36°45′47″N 45°43′20″E / 36.76306°N 45.72222°E | |
| Country |  Iran |
| Province | West Azerbaijan |
| County | Mahabad |
| Bakhsh | Central |
| Government | |
| • Parliament | jalal mahmudzadeh [1] |
| Population (2006) | |
| • Total | 133,324 |
| Time zone | IRST (UTC+3:30) |
| • Summer (DST) | IRDT (UTC+4:30) |
| Area code(s) | 0444 - 0442 |
| Website | www.mohabad-ag.ir |
Mahabad (Persian: مهاباد, Kurdish: مەھاباد; also Romanized as Mahābād and Mehābād; formerly known as Sāūjbulāgh)[2] is a city in and the capital of Mahabad County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 133,324, in 31,000 families.[3]
The city's population is predominantly Kurdish, with the city lying south of Lake Urmia in a narrow valley 1,300 metres above sea level in Iranian Kurdistan, a part northwestern Iran.[4][5]
Mahabad is the centre of a rich agricultural region, but the city itself is little developed by Iranian standards. Mahabad is connected by road with Tabriz 300 km north, Piranshahr 85 km west, Urmia 150 km north and Irbil in Iraq. The city is also home of the Islamic Azad University of Mahabad.[6]
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[edit] Etymology
The town was founded in Safavid period and its first name was Savoujbolagh, Savoujbolagh is a Turkic word meaning cold spring, later in Qajarid period, the town was called Savoujbolagh Mokri, meaning Savoujbolagh of the Mukri tribe, due to the residence of the Mukri tribe in the town and this was the name of the town until 1936, when the town was named Mahabad by the Academy of Persian Language and Literature.[7][8]
[edit] Modern Kurdish State in Mahabad
Mahabad was briefly the capital of the short-lived Republic of Mahabad, which was declared independent on January 1, 1946 under the leadership of Kurdish nationalist Qazi Muhammad. The republic received strong support from the Soviet Union, which occupied Iran during the same era and included the Kurdish towns of Piranshahr, Sardasht, Bukan, Naqada and Ushnaviya.[9]
After an agreement brokered by the United States, the Soviets agreed to leave Iran in which sovereignty would be restored to the Shah in 1947. The Shah ordered an invasion of the Republic of Mahabad shortly afterwards under which the leaders of the republic including Qazi Muhammad were arrested and executed.[10] [2] [11]
[edit] References
- ^ www.m-jalal.com
- ^ Mahabad can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3073397" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
- ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)" (Excel). Islamic Republic of Iran. http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/04.xls.
- ^ S. J. Laizer, Martyrs, Traitors, and Patriots: Kurdistan after the Gulf War, Zed Books, 1996, ISBN 9781856493963, p. 56.
- ^ Marion Farouk-Sluglett, Peter Sluglett, Iraq Since 1958: From Revolution to Dictatorship, .B.Tauris, 2001, ISBN 9781860646225, p. 28.
- ^ http://www.iau-mahabad.ac.ir/
- ^ Seebauer, Renate. Mosaik Europa: Diskussionsbeiträge zur ethnischen und sprachlichen Vielfalt. LIT Verlag Münster, 2006 (87)
- ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=ChEVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA415&lpg=PA415&dq=turkic+mang&source=bl&ots=D6mtMAKTKy&sig=ww-6zwtZXhMltthVdITXNRcnJjs&hl=en&ei=_U1NTdDPCsqDOtLVmO0P&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=turkic%20mang&f=false
- ^ McDowall, David (2004). http://books.google.com/books?id=1tarN6gfxX8C&dq=%22on+22+January+1946%22&lr=&as_brr=3&source=gbs_navlinks_s" "A modern history of the Kurds. I.B. Tauris. pp. 244–245. ISBN 1850434166.
- ^ McDowall, David, A Modern History of the Kurds, I. B. Tauris, 1996 (Current revision at May 14, 2004). ISBN 1-86064-185-7.
- ^ [1]
- Hêmin(Hemin) Mokriani in Encyclopaedia Iranica
- Short Biography and works of Zabihi
- Zabihi, Abdal Rahman, Qamusi zimanî Kurdî (Dictionary of Kurdish Language),Korî Zaniyarî Kurd Press, Baghdad Vol. I 1977.244 p. Vol. II 1979. 230 + 7 p (through letter b).
- Mukriyani, Giw, Ferhengî mehabad (Mahabad Dictionary),Kurdish-Arabic dictionary, Kurdistan Press, Hawlir (Arbil), 1961,795 p.
- Sharafkandi, Abdurrahman (Hejar or Hajar), Henbane Borîne, Ferhengî Kurdî-Kurdî-Farsî (Kurdish-Kurdish-Persian Dictionary) Tehran : Sorush Press, 1991, 1032 p.,[3]
- Article of the Monde Diplo on Mahabad (in French)
Mahabad
[edit] External links
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