Otorhinolaryngology

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Otolaryngologist performing an endoscopic sinus surgical procedure
A 40 watt CO2 laser used in otolaryngology

Otolaryngology or ENT (ear, nose, and throat) is the branch of medicine and surgery that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the head and neck.

The full name of the specialty is otorhinolaryngology;[1] (neoclassical Greek and modern Greek: ὠτο(ρ)ρινολαρυγγολογία), also includes ῥινο- - rhino- (root of ῥίς) "nose". The term comes from the Classical Greek roots ὠτ- - ot- (root of οὖς) "ear", λαρυγγ- - laryng- (root of λάρυγξ) "larynx/throat", and the root -logy "study", and it literally means "the study of ear and throat".

Practitioners are called and professionally designated by the more accurate term otolaryngologists– head and neck surgeons, as specialists trained in otolaryngology are experts in surgical conditions of the head and neck. Some people refer to it simply as head and neck surgery. In the United States, otolaryngology is one of the most competitive specialties in medicine in which to obtain a residency position following medical school.[2][3]

Explanation

Otolaryngologists are medical doctors (MD, DO, MBBS, MBChB, etc.) who, in the United States, complete at least five years of surgical residency training. This is composed of one year in general surgical training and four years in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery; in the past it varied between two and three years of each. In Canada, practitioners complete a five-year residency training after medical school.

Following residency training some otolaryngologists elect to complete advanced subspeciality fellowship training which can be 1–2 years in duration (pediatric otolaryngology,[4] neuro-otology, laryngology, facial plastic and reconstructive surgery, rhinology, or head and neck oncology).[citation needed]

Subspecialties

Head and neck Facial plastics Otology Neuro-otology* Rhinology/sinus Laryngology Pediatrics* Sleep*
Surgical oncology Facial cosmetic surgery Ear Middle and inner ear Sinusitis Voice therapy Velopalatine insufficiency
Reconstruction Maxillofacial Hearing Temporal bone Allergy Phono-surgery Cleft lip and palate
Endocrine surgery Trauma Skull base Anterior skull base Airway
Dizziness Apnea and snoring Vascular malformations
Cochlear implant/BAHA

(* Currently recognized by American Board of Medical Subspecialties)

Topics in otolaryngology, head and neck surgery

Contributors please visit the new Current Otorhinolaryngology WikiBook project before posting your academic topics here. High-level professional-quality material needed!

Head and Neck Oncology

Otology and neuro-otology

Main articles: Otology and Neurotology

Rhinology

Rhinology pertains to sinus diseases and the anterior skull base.

Pediatrics

Laryngology

Notable Otolaryngologists

Facial plastic and reconstructive surgery

Facial plastic and reconstructive surgery is a one-year fellowship open to otolaryngologists and plastic surgeons who wish to specialize in the aesthetic and reconstructive surgery of the head, face, and neck.

See also

References

  1. ^ otorhinolaryngology
  2. ^ http://www.medfriends.org/specialty_info.htm
  3. ^ http://www.nrmp.org/data/chartingoutcomes2011.pdf
  4. ^ http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/ed/clinical/fellow/ent/default.htm

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Otolaryngology.

Societies

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