Phylloquinone
| Phylloquinone | |
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2-methyl-3-[(2E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl]naphthoquinone |
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Other names
Vitamin K1; phytomenadione; phytonadione |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 84-80-0  |
| PubChem | 4812 |
| ChemSpider | 4447652 |
| UNII | A034SE7857 |
| DrugBank | DB01022 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:18067 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1550 |
| ATC code | B02 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C31H46O2 |
| Molar mass | 450.7 g mol−1 |
 (verify) (what is:  / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Phylloquinone is a polycyclic aromatic ketone, based on 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, with a 3-phytyl substituent.
It is a fat-soluble vitamin that is stable to air and moisture but decomposes in sunlight. It is found naturally in a wide variety of green plants.
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[edit] Terminology
It is often called vitamin K1[1], phytomenadione or phytonadione. Sometimes a distinction is made with phylloquinone considered natural and phytonadione considered synthetic.[2]
A stereoisomer of phylloquinone is called vitamin k1 (note the difference in capitalization).
[edit] Biochemistry
Phylloquinone is an electron acceptor during photosynthesis, forming part of the electron transport chain of Photosystem I.
Its best-known function in animals is as a cofactor in the formation of coagulation factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX, and X by the liver. It is also required for the formation of anticoagulant factors protein C and S. It is commonly used to treat warfarin toxicity, and as an antidote for coumatetralyl.
Vitamin K is also required for bone protein formation.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Haroon Y, Shearer MJ, Rahim S, Gunn WG, McEnery G, Barkhan P (June 1982). "The content of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) in human milk, cows' milk, and infant formula foods determined by high-performance liquid chromatography". J. Nutr. 112 (6): 1105–17. PMID 7086539. http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7086539.
- ^ "Vitamin K". http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/vitamin-k-000343.htm. Retrieved 2009-03-18.
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