William Reade (bishop)

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William Reade
Bishop of Chichester
Amberley Castle
ChurchCatholic
SeeDiocese of Chichester
In office1368–1385
PredecessorWilliam Lenn
SuccessorThomas Rushock
Personal details
BornAbout 1283
Wyngerworthy, Derby, England
Died18 August 1385 (age 102)

William Reade (sometimes Rede; died 1385) was a medieval Bishop of Chichester.

Reade was brought up, from boyhood to maturity, by his friend and protégé Nicholas of Sandwich.[1] He was then educated at Exeter College, Oxford and elected from it to a fellowship at Merton College, Oxford where astronomy, mathematics and natural philosophy (science) flourished.[2] He collected what was probably the largest private library in 14th-century England, and was one of the University’s greatest benefactors.[3] Reade wished to provide resources for Oxford scholars as there was no University library at the time, Reade donated and bequeathed some 350 volumes to the libraries at Merton, Exeter, Balliol, Oriel, Queen’s, and New Colleges, Oxford.[2] Reade also provided a large sum of money to support the building of the library that is still in use today.[3]

In 1365 Reade was made provost of the college of Wingham, Kent, and archdeacon of Rochester in 1369.[2][4][5] He was nominated for Bishop of Chichester on 23 September 1368, and by provision of Pope Urban V was appointed to the see of Chichester on 2 September 1369.[2][6]

Reade's contribution to Chichester Cathedral was the systematic compilation of cartularies, gathering together all the charters and writings concerning the church.[7] His cartularies have preserved virtually the only early documentary evidence about the Cathedral.[7]

Reade converted the old Manor House at Amberley, into a castle. Stephens says he did this to provide a strong fortress for himself and his successors against troublous times.[2][8]

Reade held a deer park, in Selsey, that was plagued with poachers so much so, that the incensed bishop issued a decree excommunicating the offenders by "Bell, book, and candle", and he ordered that the ritual should be performed at all churches within the deanery.[9]

Reade died 18 August 1385,[6] and asked in his will to be buried at Selsey parish church then located at Church Norton, once the cathedral church of my diocese, before the high altar.[10] His wish was not acted upon as he was buried in Chichester Cathedral without monument.[2] It seems that this was not the only problem with the execution of his will as the dean and chapter, of Chichester Cathedral, petitioned the executors, thirteen years later, to account for the thirteen gilt cups, bequeathed by Reade, for the use of the cathedral.[2]

Notes

  1. ^ Powicke Medieval Books. p. 29; also Will of William Rede p. 90
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Stephens Memorials of the See at Chichester pp. 119-121
  3. ^ a b "Oxford Libraries and their Benefactors" University of Oxford
  4. ^ Page A History of Kent: Provosts of Wingham College" pp. 233-235
  5. ^ Hasted City and Liberty of the City of Rochester pp. 110-153.
  6. ^ a b Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 239
  7. ^ a b McCann "Archives" Chichester Cathedral: An Historic Survey pp. 196-197
  8. ^ "Images of England Amberly Castle" English Heritage
  9. ^ Horsfield The History, Antiquities and Topography of the County of Sussex p. 33
  10. ^ Powicke Medieval Books p. 87 - The will of William Reade - Extract: "In premis lego animam meam summe Tinitati beate Marie matri dei et omnibus sanctis et corpus meum ad sepeliendum plane corum summo altari in cancello sancte Trinitatis Selseye quondum diocesis mee ecclesie cathedralis." - Translation: "I leave my soul in the care of the Trinity, the blessed mother Mary, and all the saints and my body is to be buried at the high altar of the Holy Trinity Selsey, the former cathedral of the diocese."

References

  • Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (Third revised ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
  • Hasted, Edward. The City and liberty of Rochester:Bishops and Archdeacons "The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 4". British History Online. Retrieved 18 April 2010. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  • Horsfield, Thomas Walker (1835 Facsimile Ed 2009). The History, Antiquities and Topography of the County of Sussex Vol II. Country Books. ISBN 978-1-906789-16-9. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  • "Images of England: Amberley Castle". English Heritage. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
  • McCann, Alison (1994). "Archives and Antiquaries". In Mary Hobbs (ed.). Chichester Cathedral:An Historic Survey. Chichester: Phillimore. ISBN 9780850339246.
  • "Oxford Libraries and their Benefactors". University of Oxford. Retrieved 16 April 2010.
  • Page, William. A History of the County of Kent: Provosts of Wingham College. British History Online. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
  • Powicke, F.M. (1931). The Medieval Books of Merton College, Bishop of Chichester. Oxford: OUP.
  • Stephens, W.R.W (1876). Memorials of the South Saxon See and Cathedral Church of Chichester. London: Richard Bentley and Sons.
Catholic Church titles
Preceded by Bishop of Chichester
1368–1385 		Succeeded by


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