Wim Duisenberg

Wim Duisenberg
1st President of the European Central Bank
In office 1 July 1998 – 31 October 2003
Vice President	Christian Noyer (1998-2002) Lucas Papademos (2002-2003)
Succeeded by	Jean-Claude Trichet
2nd President of the European Monetary Institute
In office 1 July 1997 – 1 July 1998
Preceded by	Alexandre Lamfalussy
Succeeded by	None
President of the Central Bank of the Netherlands
In office 1 January 1982 – 1 July 1997
Preceded by	Jelle Zijlstra
Succeeded by	Nout Wellink
Member of the House of Representatives
In office 16 January 1978 – 28 June 1978
Minister of Finance
In office 11 May 1973 – 19 December 1977
Prime Minister	Joop den Uyl
Preceded by	Roelof Nelissen
Succeeded by	Frans Andriessen
Personal details
Born	Willem Frederik Duisenberg (1935-07-09)9 July 1935 Heerenveen, Netherlands
Died	31 July 2005(2005-07-31) (aged 70) Faucon, Vaucluse, France
Nationality	Dutch
Political party	Labour Party
Spouse(s)	Tine Stelling (divorced) Gretta Duisenberg (born 1942)
Alma mater	University of Groningen (PhD) University of Amsterdam (Dr.h.c.)
Occupation	Politician Economist Banker Financier Professor
Religion	None (Atheism)
Signature

Willem Frederik "Wim" Duisenberg (9 July 1935 – 31 July 2005) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA). He was the first President of the European Central Bank from 1 July 1998 until 31 October 2003. He was instrumental in the introduction of the euro in the European Union in 2002. He was also credited for making numerous improvements for the economy of the Netherlands. A successful economist and financier he served as Minister of Finance from 11 May 1973 until 19 December 1977, he later served as President of the Central Bank of the Netherlands.

Biography

Early life

Duisenberg was born in the Frisian town of Heerenveen. He studied at the University of Groningen, where he received a MSc degree in Economics, with majoring in international economic relations. In 1965, he obtained a PhD degree; his thesis was "The Economic Consequences of the Disarmament".^{[citation needed]}

Politics

Wim Duisenberg as Minister of Finance in 1975.

Wim Duisenberg and Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa in 2000.

Duisenberg subsequently worked for the International Monetary Fund in Washington D.C. for years followed by a year as an advisor to the director of the Nederlandsche Bank, the Dutch central bank in Amsterdam. He was then appointed a professor at the University of Amsterdam where he taught macroeconomics.

From 1973 to 1977, Duisenberg was Minister of Finance under Prime Minister Joop den Uyl, Shortly afterwards, he gave up his seat in the Dutch parliament to become vice president of Rabobank, a Dutch bank. Two years later, he was appointed director of the Nederlandsche Bank, serving as its president from 1982 to 1997.

His tenure at the Dutch central bank was marked by caution and reserve. Under his direction, the Dutch guilder was linked to the German Deutsche Mark, and this benefited the Dutch economy, owing to the strength of the German currency. He also followed German central bank's interest rate policies closely, which earned him the nickname "Mr Fifteen Minutes" because he quickly followed any interest rate changes made by the Germans.

First president of the European Central Bank

Main article: Introduction of the euro

Owing to the success of his monetary policy, he became well known in other European countries, and this led to his appointment in 1998 as the first president of the new European Central Bank in Frankfurt, much to the chagrin of France, who wanted a French candidate. A compromise was agreed upon (although publicly denied by all parties) whereby Duisenberg would serve for at least four years, upon which the Frenchman Jean-Claude Trichet, director of the Banque de France, would take over. In 1999, Duisenberg received the Vision for Europe Award in recognition of his efforts toward the unification of Europe.

Duisenberg announced he would retire on 9 July 2003 (his 69th birthday), but he remained in office until Trichet was cleared of charges of fraud in connection with the collapse of the French bank Crédit Lyonnais. Trichet took over presidency of the ECB on 1 November 2003.

Death

Duisenberg died in 2005 at the age of 70 while on vacation at his villa in Faucon near Orange, France. He drowned in his swimming pool after suffering a heart attack. A commemoration service was held on 6 August 2005 in the Amsterdam Concertgebouw. Duisenberg was buried later that day in the Zorgvlied cemetery in Amsterdam.

Decorations

• Order of the Netherlands Lion
  • Knight (11 April 1978)
  • Commander (17 June 1997)
• Order of Orange-Nassau
  • Commander (Unknown)

External links

• (Dutch) Dr. W.F. (Wim) Duisenberg (Parlement & Politiek)

Government offices
Preceded by Roelof Nelissen	Minister of Finance 1973-1977	Succeeded by Frans Andriessen
Civic offices
Preceded by Jelle Zijlstra	President of the Central Bank of the Netherlands 1982-1997	Succeeded by Nout Wellink
Non-profit organization positions
Preceded by Alexandre Lamfalussy	2nd President of the European Monetary Institute 1997-1998	Succeeded by Merged into the European Central Bank
Preceded by First	1st President of the European Central Bank 1998-2003	Succeeded by Jean-Claude Trichet