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{{For|the stadium named after him|Qemal Stafa Stadium}}
{{refimprove|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
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:''For the stadium named after him, see: [[Qemal Stafa Stadium]]''

{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
|name = Qemal Stafa
| name = Qemal Stafa
|image = Qemal Stafa.jpg
| image = Qemal Stafa (portrait).jpg
|alt =
| alt =
|caption =
| caption = Stafa in 1941
|birth_date = 20 March 1920
| birth_date = 20 March 1920
|birth_place = [[Elbasan]], [[Albania]]
| birth_place = [[Elbasan]], [[Albania]]
|death_date = 5 May 1942 (age 22)
| death_date = 5 May 1942 (age 22)
|death_place = [[Tirana]], [[Albania]]
| death_place = [[Tirana]], [[Albania]]
| death_cause = [[List of assassinations in Albania|Assassinated]]
|nationality = Albanian
| nationality = Albanian
|other_names = Brutus
|known_for = Founding member of the [[Albanian Communist Party]]
| other_names = Brutus
| known_for = Founding member of the [[Albanian Communist Party]]
|occupation =
| occupation =
| parents = Hasan Stafa (Father)
| awards = [[File:Titulli "Hero i Popullit".svg|17px]] [[Hero of the People (Albania)|Hero of the People]]
| signature = Qemal Stafa (nënshkrim).svg
}}
}}
'''Qemal Stafa''' (20 March 1920 in [[Elbasan]] – 5 May 1942 in [[Tirana]]) was a founding member of the [[Albanian Communist Party]], and the leader of its youth section.
'''Qemal Stafa''' (20 March 1920 – 5 May 1942) was a founding member of the [[Albanian Communist Party]], and the leader of its youth section.


==Biography==
==Biography==
Stafa was born in Elbasan in 1920, in a family originating from the [[Zabzun]] village near [[Librazhd]], today's [[Steblevë]] municipal unit, an extremity of the heterogeneous [[Golloborda]] region. His father Ahmet was in the military, and moved in 1923 to Shkodër as Director of the Recruiting Office for the Prefecture of Shkodër.<ref>Sinani A., ''Flet nipi i Veli Stafës: Ju rrëfej amanetet e Veliut dhe e vërteta e vdekjes së tij'', [[Tirana observer|Tirana Observer]], 19 tetor, 2012.</ref>
Stafa was born in [[Elbasan]] in 1920, into a [[Ghegs|Gheg Albanian]] family<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pipa |first=Arshi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nkhiAAAAMAAJ&q=Vasil+Shanto+Gheg+Albania. |title=The Politics of Language in Socialist Albania |date=1989 |publisher=East European Monographs |isbn=978-0-88033-168-5 |language=en}}</ref> originating from the Zabzun village, which was part of the [[Dibër District|Dibra Region]] at the time. His father Hasan was in the military, and moved in 1923 to Shkodër as Director of the Recruiting Office for the Prefecture of Shkodër.<ref>Sinani A., ''Flet nipi i Veli Stafës: Ju rrëfej amanetet e Veliut dhe e vërteta e vdekjes së tij'', [[Tirana observer|Tirana Observer]], 19 tetor, 2012.</ref>
Qemal Stafa studied in [[Shkodër]] at the [[Saverian College of Shkoder|Saverian College]]. With the educational reforms established by the Minister [[Mirash Ivanaj]], private schools were closed and Stafa moved to the public high school of Shkoder. After the death of his father in 1936, his family moved to [[Tirana]],<ref>Kaloçi D., ''Unë, korrieri i Qemal Stafës, dëshmoj vrasjen e tij nga Enveri : [Intervistë e Beqir Ramazan Xhepa]'', Gazeta shqiptare. - Nr. 2426, 9 mars, 2003, f. 12 - 13.</ref> where he studied at the [[Tirana Lyceum]] (subsequently named [[Qemal Stafa High School]]).<ref name="official website">{{cite web|last=Q. Stafa High School website|title=Historiku|url=http://www.gjimnaziqemalstafa.net/#!historiku}}</ref> He was one of the co-founders of the Communist Group of Shkoder, one out of three groups that would join in 1941 to form the [[Party of Labour of Albania|Communist Party of Albania]]. In February 1939, a special court sat in Tirana against 73 people suspected for performing communist activities and propaganda. Among others there were, [[Tuk Jakova]], [[Vasil Shanto]], [[Vojo Kushi]], [[Branko Kadia]], [[Zef Mala]], [[Emin Duraku]] and the young Stafa who was arrested on 24 January. He was sentenced to three years due to his age,<ref>Kaloçi D., ''Dëshmoj unë, shoku i shkollës dhe burgut i Qemal Stafës (interv. Riza Deliallisi),'' [[Shqip (gazetë)|Shqip]]. - Nr. 120, 5 maj, 2007, f. 18 - 19</ref> while he accepted all accusations.<ref>Fierza Gj, ''Zef Mala, mes lavdisë dhe persekutimit,'' Tirana Observer, 16 prill, 2015.</ref><ref>[[Robert Elsie|Elsie R]]., A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History, Londër: I.B. Tauris, 2012. fq. 425. ISBN 978-1-78076-431-3</ref> With the turmoils of the [[Italian invasion of Albania]] of 7 April 1939, he was released from jail.<ref>Polovina Y., ''Pushtimi, Komunizmi e çeli derën më 7 prill të 1939'', Shqiptarja.com, 7 prill, 2013.</ref> Stafa wrote on the local newspaper ''[[Fashizmi]]'' (Fascism) controlled by the [[Albanian Fascist Party]], and spend some time in [[Rome]] as a student together with his fiancé [[Drita Kosturi]], on a scholarship from the Albanian government.<ref>[http://gazetadielli.com/rishkrimi-i-historise/ Kristo Kirka, Rishkrimi i Historise, ''Dielli'', January 4th, 2015, NY]</ref>
Qemal Stafa studied in [[Shkodër]] at the [[Pjetër Meshkalla High School|Saverian College]]. With the educational reforms established by the Minister [[Mirash Ivanaj]], private schools were closed and Stafa moved to the public high school of Shkodër. After the death of his father in 1936, his family moved to [[Tirana]],<ref>Kaloçi D., ''Unë, korrieri i Qemal Stafës, dëshmoj vrasjen e tij nga Enveri : [Intervistë e Beqir Ramazan Xhepa]'', Gazeta shqiptare. - Nr. 2426, 9 mars, 2003, f. 12 - 13.</ref> where he studied at the [[Tirana Lyceum]] (subsequently named [[Qemal Stafa High School]]).<ref name="official website">{{cite web|last=Q. Stafa High School website|title=Historiku|url=http://www.gjimnaziqemalstafa.net/#!historiku|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112013128/http://www.gjimnaziqemalstafa.net/#!historiku|archivedate=12 January 2014}}</ref> He was one of the co-founders of the Communist Group of Shkodër, one out of three groups that would join in 1941 to form the [[Party of Labour of Albania|Communist Party of Albania]]. In February 1939, a special court sat in Tirana against 73 people suspected for performing communist activities and propaganda. Among others there were, [[Tuk Jakova]], [[Vasil Shanto]], [[Vojo Kushi]], [[Branko Kadia]], [[Zef Mala]], [[Emin Duraku]] and the young Stafa who was arrested on 24 January. He was sentenced to three years due to his age,<ref>Kaloçi D., ''Dëshmoj unë, shoku i shkollës dhe burgut i Qemal Stafës (interv. Riza Deliallisi),'' [[Shqip (gazetë)|Shqip]]. - Nr. 120, 5 maj, 2007, f. 18 - 19</ref> while he accepted all accusations.<ref>Fierza Gj, ''Zef Mala, mes lavdisë dhe persekutimit,'' Tirana Observer, 16 prill, 2015.</ref><ref>[[Robert Elsie|Elsie R]]., A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History, Londër: I.B. Tauris, 2012. fq. 425. {{ISBN|978-1-78076-431-3}}</ref> With the turmoils of the [[Italian invasion of Albania]] of 7 April 1939, he was released from jail.<ref>Polovina Y., ''Pushtimi, Komunizmi e çeli derën më 7 prill të 1939'', Shqiptarja.com, 7 prill, 2013.</ref> Stafa spent some time in [[Florence]] as a law student, on a scholarship from the Albanian government.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jorgaqi |first=Nasho |title=Qemal Stafa: Sa vie, sa lutte |publisher=Naim Frashëri |year=1973 |edition=1st |location=Tirana, Albania |pages=194–195 |language=fr |trans-title=Qemal Stafa: His Life and Struggle}}</ref>


Stafa was one of the founding members of the Albanian Communist Party in Tirana on 8 November 1941. He was killed in a house on the outskirts of Tirana by the [[Italian Fascism|Italian fascist]] forces, who had [[Italian occupation of Albania|occupied Albania]]. Rumors say that he may have been betrayed by one or more of his comrades, possibly [[Enver Hoxha]] (the first secretary of the Albanian communist party & leader of Albania), because he gained much from his death.The 5th of May, the anniversary of his death, was chosen after the end of the war as the [[Martyrs' Day (Albania)|Martyrs' Day of Albania]] to commemorate all those who gave their lives for Albania's liberation.
Stafa was one of the founding members of the Albanian Communist Party in Tirana on 8 November 1941. He was killed in a house on the outskirts of [[Tirana]] by the [[Italian Fascism|Italian fascist]] forces, who had [[Italian occupation of Albania|occupied Albania]]. The 5 May, the anniversary of his death, was chosen after the end of the war as the [[Martyrs' Day (Albania)|Martyrs' Day of Albania]] to commemorate all those who gave their lives for Albania's liberation.{{citation needed|date=December 2021}}


Many streets, squares and schools in different cities bear his name as well as a military base and the most important [[Qemal Stafa (stadium)|stadium]] in the country. Although he was glorified by the [[Communism in Albania|Communist Regime in Albania]], his fiancée and his brothers and sisters families were imprisoned and persecuted, a fact not known by most Albanians.<ref>[http://gazeta55.al/te-pakten-15-komuniste-fajesonin-enverin-per-vrasjen-e,-qemalit/ Të paktën 15 komunistë fajësonin Enverin për vrasjen e Qemalit (At least 15 communists accused Enver Hoxha for the death of Qemal, Gazeta 55, Kostaq Xoxa, 23.09.2014 (in Albanian)]</ref>
Many streets, squares and schools in different cities bear his name as well as a military base, Albania's former [[Qemal Stafa Stadium|national stadium]] and the Main Stand in the current national stadium, [[Arena Kombëtare]]. Although he was glorified in the [[People's Socialist Republic of Albania]], his fiancée and his siblings' families were imprisoned and persecuted by the same administration, a fact not known by most Albanians.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gazeta55.al/te-pakten-15-komuniste-fajesonin-enverin-per-vrasjen-e,-qemalit/|title=Të paktën 15 komunistë fajësonin Enverin për vrasjen e Qemalit|trans-title=At least 15 communists accused Enver Hoxha for the death of Qemal|publisher=Gazeta 55|author=Kostaq Xoxa|date=23 September 2014|access-date=20 June 2015|archive-date=20 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150620072239/http://gazeta55.al/te-pakten-15-komuniste-fajesonin-enverin-per-vrasjen-e,-qemalit/|url-status=dead}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}.
{{Reflist}}


{{People's Hero of Albania}}
{{People's Hero of Albania}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Stafa, Qemal}}
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[[Category:Heroes of Albania]]
[[Category:Heroes of Albania]]
[[Category:People from Elbasan]]
[[Category:People from Elbasan]]
[[Category:People from Shkodër]]
[[Category:Qemal Stafa High School alumni]]
[[Category:Qemal Stafa High School alumni]]
[[Category:Albanian resistance members]]
[[Category:Albanian resistance members]]
[[Category:Resistance members killed by Fascist Italy]]

Revision as of 08:29, 5 May 2024

For the stadium named after him, see Qemal Stafa Stadium.

Qemal Stafa
Stafa in 1941
Born20 March 1920
Elbasan, Albania
Died5 May 1942 (age 22)
Tirana, Albania
Cause of deathAssassinated
NationalityAlbanian
Other namesBrutus
Known forFounding member of the Albanian Communist Party
ParentHasan Stafa (Father)
Awards Hero of the People
Signature

Qemal Stafa (20 March 1920 – 5 May 1942) was a founding member of the Albanian Communist Party, and the leader of its youth section.

Biography

Stafa was born in Elbasan in 1920, into a Gheg Albanian family[1] originating from the Zabzun village, which was part of the Dibra Region at the time. His father Hasan was in the military, and moved in 1923 to Shkodër as Director of the Recruiting Office for the Prefecture of Shkodër.[2] Qemal Stafa studied in Shkodër at the Saverian College. With the educational reforms established by the Minister Mirash Ivanaj, private schools were closed and Stafa moved to the public high school of Shkodër. After the death of his father in 1936, his family moved to Tirana,[3] where he studied at the Tirana Lyceum (subsequently named Qemal Stafa High School).[4] He was one of the co-founders of the Communist Group of Shkodër, one out of three groups that would join in 1941 to form the Communist Party of Albania. In February 1939, a special court sat in Tirana against 73 people suspected for performing communist activities and propaganda. Among others there were, Tuk Jakova, Vasil Shanto, Vojo Kushi, Branko Kadia, Zef Mala, Emin Duraku and the young Stafa who was arrested on 24 January. He was sentenced to three years due to his age,[5] while he accepted all accusations.[6][7] With the turmoils of the Italian invasion of Albania of 7 April 1939, he was released from jail.[8] Stafa spent some time in Florence as a law student, on a scholarship from the Albanian government.[9]

Stafa was one of the founding members of the Albanian Communist Party in Tirana on 8 November 1941. He was killed in a house on the outskirts of Tirana by the Italian fascist forces, who had occupied Albania. The 5 May, the anniversary of his death, was chosen after the end of the war as the Martyrs' Day of Albania to commemorate all those who gave their lives for Albania's liberation.[citation needed]

Many streets, squares and schools in different cities bear his name as well as a military base, Albania's former national stadium and the Main Stand in the current national stadium, Arena Kombëtare. Although he was glorified in the People's Socialist Republic of Albania, his fiancée and his siblings' families were imprisoned and persecuted by the same administration, a fact not known by most Albanians.[10]

References

  1. ^ Pipa, Arshi (1989). The Politics of Language in Socialist Albania. East European Monographs. ISBN 978-0-88033-168-5.
  2. ^ Sinani A., Flet nipi i Veli Stafës: Ju rrëfej amanetet e Veliut dhe e vërteta e vdekjes së tij, Tirana Observer, 19 tetor, 2012.
  3. ^ Kaloçi D., Unë, korrieri i Qemal Stafës, dëshmoj vrasjen e tij nga Enveri : [Intervistë e Beqir Ramazan Xhepa], Gazeta shqiptare. - Nr. 2426, 9 mars, 2003, f. 12 - 13.
  4. ^ Q. Stafa High School website. "Historiku". Archived from the original on 12 January 2014.
  5. ^ Kaloçi D., Dëshmoj unë, shoku i shkollës dhe burgut i Qemal Stafës (interv. Riza Deliallisi), Shqip. - Nr. 120, 5 maj, 2007, f. 18 - 19
  6. ^ Fierza Gj, Zef Mala, mes lavdisë dhe persekutimit, Tirana Observer, 16 prill, 2015.
  7. ^ Elsie R., A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History, Londër: I.B. Tauris, 2012. fq. 425. ISBN 978-1-78076-431-3
  8. ^ Polovina Y., Pushtimi, Komunizmi e çeli derën më 7 prill të 1939, Shqiptarja.com, 7 prill, 2013.
  9. ^ Jorgaqi, Nasho (1973). Qemal Stafa: Sa vie, sa lutte [Qemal Stafa: His Life and Struggle] (in French) (1st ed.). Tirana, Albania: Naim Frashëri. pp. 194–195.
  10. ^ Kostaq Xoxa (23 September 2014). "Të paktën 15 komunistë fajësonin Enverin për vrasjen e Qemalit" [At least 15 communists accused Enver Hoxha for the death of Qemal]. Gazeta 55. Archived from the original on 20 June 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
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