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====Congo (Kinshasa)====
====Congo (Kinshasa)====
*[[Cobalt]] (Mine and Plant)<ref name="Clarin">{{cite news |title=WikiLeaks difundió un cable con "objetivos sensibles" de EE.UU. y recibió más críticas |author= |url=http://www.clarin.com/mundo/WikiLeaks-objetivos-sensibles-EEUU-criticas_0_385161638.html |newspaper=[[Clarín (newspaper)|Clarín]] |date=6 December 2010 |accessdate=8 December 2010}} ([http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clarin.com%2Fmundo%2FWikiLeaks-objetivos-sensibles-EEUU-criticas_0_385161638.html English])</ref>
*[[Cobalt]] (Mine and Plant)<ref name="Clarin">{{cite news |title=WikiLeaks difundió un cable con "objetivos sensibles" de EE.UU. y recibió más críticas |author= |url=http://www.clarin.com/mundo/WikiLeaks-objetivos-sensibles-EEUU-criticas_0_385161638.html |newspaper=[[Clarín (newspaper)|Clarín]] |date=6 December 2010 |accessdate=8 December 2010}} ([http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clarin.com%2Fmundo%2FWikiLeaks-objetivos-sensibles-EEUU-criticas_0_385161638.html English])</ref>
====Gabon====
*[[Manganese]] – Battery grade, natural; battery grade, synthetic; chemical grade; ferro; metallurgical grade<ref name="Stampa"></ref>
====Guinea====
====Guinea====
*[[Bauxite]] (Mine)<ref name="Stampa"></ref>
*[[Bauxite]] (Mine)<ref name="Stampa"></ref>

Revision as of 07:42, 10 December 2010

The Critical Foreign Dependencies Initiative (CFDI) is a strategy and list, maintained by the United States Department of Homeland Security, of foreign infrastructure which "if attacked or destroyed would critically impact the U.S."[1] A copy of the 2008 list was leaked by Wikileaks on 5 December 2010 as part of the website's leak of US diplomatic cables.

Disclosure via Wikileaks

The "2008 Critical Foreign Dependencies Initiative (CFDI) list" was contained in a February 2009 diplomatic cable to the U.S. Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, which was leaked and released in the United States diplomatic cables leak by Wikileaks in 2010. Described by the BBC as "one of the most sensitive" leaks as of 6 December 2010, WikiLeaks had removed details of names and locations, but much was still revealed. The list did not include any military facilities, but rather facilities important for the global supply chain, global communications, and economically important goods and services.[2]

In the cable the State Department requested American diplomats to identify installations overseas "whose loss could critically impact the public health, economic security, and/or national and homeland security of the United States."[3] The order was under the direction of the Department for Homeland Security in co-ordination with the Department of State.[4]

In summary the list consists of Submarine communications cables, major port hubs, critical sea lanes, oil pipelines, mines, dams, and pharmaceutical facilities. A heavy emphasis on European pharmaceutical facilities was said by the BBC to suggest a fear of biological warfare or global pandemic.[2]

Responses to disclosure

The publishing of this particular cable which had been classified secret and not for review by non-U.S. personnel,[3] has been followed by strong criticism from the US government and the British government, but a tepid response from news outlets and other foreign nations.

WikiLeaks spokeswoman Kristinn Hrafnsson said with reference to the cable: "This further undermines claims made by the US Government that its embassy officials do not play an intelligence-gathering role. Part of the cable read: "Posts are not/not being asked to consult with host governments with respect to this request."[4]

United States

US State Department spokesman P.J. Crowley denounced the disclosure saying it "gives a group like al-Qaeda a targeting list."[3] Anthony Cordesman, a "national security analyst for the Center for Strategic and International Studies", stated that, "this has given a global map – a menu, if not a recipe book – to every extremist group in the world. To me it would be amazing to see how WikiLeaks could rationalize this." However, Alistair Millar, "director of the Center on Global Counterterrorism Cooperation", said that, "it's a little different...than with diplomatic cable leaks...in this case, this is largely information available to everyone if they really wanted to look."[5]

Janet Napolitano, the Secretary of Homeland Security, said that the list "could jeopardize our national security".[6]

Foreign Nations

British prime minister David Cameron stated that the list was damaging to the national security of both his country and the United States, "and elsewhere".

Vic Toews, the Public Safety Minister of Canada, seemed "unconcerned or unaware" of the release of the list, further commenting, "I don't follow gossip very much so I don't really know the impact of Wikileaks, but I can assure you that the security agencies in Canada are following it very closely and to the extent that I need to be involved and address those issues, they will brief me on the issues."[7]

Lin Yu-fang, a politician in Taiwan, stated that, in regards to the reveal of the six undersea telecommunications cables in China, there are "actually no secrets concerning the cables", but he felt that there "could be certain thorny political or military issues involving Taiwan, the U.S. or Japan if more sensitive secrets were exposed".[8]

News Outlets

A CBS article elaborating on the release stated that "although much of the information contained [in the list] was already in the public domain, officials in Washington and London have been quick to condemn WikiLeaks for publishing it, calling the act evidence of the organization's willingness to potentially aid terror groups in its mission to reveal U.S. secrets."[9] The New York Times also stated that the list "appears largely limited to sites that any would-be terrorist with Internet access and a bit of ingenuity might quickly have identified."[10]

Companies

Mayne Pharma told the Herald-Sun that "its entry on a classified diplomatic cable is out-of-date and full of errors", since the drug listed on the cable as its resource, a snake anti-venom, hasn't been made by the company for "more than ten years".[11]

Bill Gorman, sales director of David Brown Ltd., stated that, "We make gearboxes for our platinum and gold mines. We have supplied equipment via the US for other countries, but have only once exported directly to the States, for a copper mine seven years ago. I have no idea why we’re on the list."[12]

List of critical foreign dependencies

The 2008 CFDI list, as reported by external sources, listed the following infrastructures:

Africa

Congo (Kinshasa)

Guinea

South Africa

East Asia and the Pacific

Australia

  • Southern Cross undersea cable landing, Brookvale, Australia
  • Southern Cross undersea cable landing, Sydney, Australia[16]
  • Manganese – Battery grade, natural; battery grade, synthetic; chemical grade; ferro; metallurgical grade[14]
  • Nickel Mines
  • Maybe Faulding Mulgrave[17] Victoria, Australia: Manufacturing facility for Midazolam injection.

Polyvalent Antivenin (CroFab)[16]

China

New Zealand

  • Southern Cross undersea cable landing, Whenuapai, New Zealand[19]
  • Southern Cross undersea cable landing, Takapuna, New Zealand[19]

Taiwan

  • C2C Cable Network undersea cable landing, Fangshan, Taiwan[20][18]
  • C2C Cable Network undersea cable landing, Tanshui, Taiwan[20][18]
  • China-US undersea cable landing Fangshan, Taiwan[20][18]
  • EAC undersea cable landing Pa Li, Taiwan[20][18]
  • FLAG/REACH North Asia Loop undersea cable landing Toucheng, Taiwan[20][18]
  • Kaohsiung Port[20][18]

Europe and Eurasia

Europe (Unspecified)

Austria

Belgium

Denmark

  • Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Bagsvaerd, Denmark: Numerous formulations of insulin[13]
  • Novo Nordisk Insulin Manufacturer: Global insulin supplies[23]

France

Georgia

  • Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Pipeline[25]

Germany

Italy

Russia

Spain

United Kingdom

Near/Middle East

Djibouti

Iraq

Israel

Morocco

  • Maghreb-Europe (GME) gas pipeline, Morocco[12]

Saudi Arabia

  • Abqaiq Processing Center: Largest crude oil processing and stabilization plant in the world[14]

South and Central Asia

Kazakhstan

  • Ferrochromium Khromtau Complex, Kempersai, (Chromite Mine)[25]

India

Western Hemisphere

Argentina

  • Foot and Mouth Disease Vaccine finishing[13][23]

Bermuda

  • GlobeNet (formerly Bermuda US-1 (BUS-1) undersea cable landing Devonshire, Bermuda[29]

Canada

Peru

  • Tin Mine and Plant[33]

Trinidad and Tobago

References

  1. ^ "Fact Sheet: Critical Infrastructure and Homeland Security Protection Accomplishments". Department of Homeland Security. 5 September 2008.
  2. ^ a b Kendall, Bridget (6 December 2010). "Wikileaks: site list reveals US sensitivities". BBC News. Archived from the original on 8 December 2010. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  3. ^ a b c Lister, Tim (7 December 2010). "WikiLeaks lists sites key to U.S. security". CNN. Archived from the original on 8 December 2010. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  4. ^ a b Haynes, Deborah; Mostrous, Alexi; Whittell, Giles (7 December 2010). "Wikileaks lists 'targets for terror' against US". Times Online. The Australian. Archived from the original on 8 December 2010. Retrieved 8 December 2010.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Mark Clayton (6 December 2010). "WikiLeaks list of 'critical' sites: Is it a 'menu for terrorists'?". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  6. ^ Andrew Zajac (7 December 2010). "U.S. denounces WikiLeaks' release of list of crucial overseas facilities". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  7. ^ Juliet O'Neill (6 December 2010). "Safety minister not following 'gossip' on Wikileaks releases". Calgary Herald. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
  8. ^ "NSB closely monitoring WikiLeaks". The China Post. 7 December 2010. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  9. ^ Tucker Reals (6 December 2010). "WikiLeaks Reveals U.S. List of Strategic Sites". CBS News. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  10. ^ Brian Knowlton (6 December 2010). "Leaked Cable Lists Sensitive Sites". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  11. ^ Jane Lee (7 December 2010). "WikiLeaks terror target list 'out of date'". Herald-Sun. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  12. ^ a b c d e Ilham Rawoot (10 December 2010). "East Rand firms on US critical list". Mail & Guardian. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  13. ^ a b c "WikiLeaks difundió un cable con "objetivos sensibles" de EE.UU. y recibió más críticas". Clarín. 6 December 2010. Retrieved 8 December 2010. (English)
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i Cite error: The named reference Stampa was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ Presumably David Brown Gear Industries site in Benoni: "David Brown Gear Industries (Pty) Ltd".
  16. ^ a b Simon Benson (7 December 2010). "Australian terror targets leaked by Wikileaks". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
  17. ^ "Maybe" is an apparent typo for Mayne Pharma, which purchased F H Faulding in 2001. (Jane Lee (7 December 2010). "WikiLeaks terror target list 'out of date'". news.com.au.) Faulding had previously purchased DBL and taken over its Mulgrave operation. (Patrick Dawson (2003). "Understanding organizational change".)
  18. ^ a b c d e f g "機密電文：高雄港關係美國安全". CNA News. 6 December 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010. (English)
  19. ^ a b "Auckland beach landings labelled vital in Wikileaks cable". National Business Review. 6 December 2010. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "美倚重據點曝光 成恐襲目標". Apple Daily. 7 December 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010. (English)
  21. ^ Baxter International's Vienna (Wien-Donaustadt) site conducts the plasma fractionation and production of immunoglobulins. "Pharmazeutische Produktion & Fertigung".
  22. ^ a b c d "WikiLeaks lekt lijst met voor VS kwetsbare plaatsen". Knack. 6 December 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010. (English)
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "La lista de objetivos sensibles para la seguridad de EEUU". El Siglo. 7 December 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010. (English)
  24. ^ a b c d Claudio Accogli (7 December 2010). "Usa spiavano infrastrutture, anche in Italia". ANSA. Retrieved 9 December 2010. (English)
  25. ^ a b c d e f Sergey Smirnov (6 December 2010). "Wikileaks разгласил стратегические объекты мира". Vedomosti. Retrieved 8 December 2010. (English)
  26. ^ See "Junghans Feinwerktechnik – Modern Fuzes for Today's Armed Forces". army-technology.com.
  27. ^ a b "WikiLeaks, anche aziende italiane spiate dagli Usa". BitCity. 6 December 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010. (English)
  28. ^ "WikiLeaks: Gran Bretaña condena nuevas revelaciones". Diario ABC Color. 6 December 2010. Retrieved 8 December 2010. (English)
  29. ^ "Bermuda's Undersea Cable Named in Wikileaks". Bernews. 6 December 2010. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  30. ^ Mia Rabson (7 December 2010). "Leaked cable names Winnipeg firm Cangene among those critical to U.S. security". Winnipeg Free Press. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  31. ^ Bob Mackin (7 December 2010). "WikiLeaks impacts B.C." 24 Hours Vancouver. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  32. ^ Global Winnipeg, a pharmaceutical lab that "produces antidotes for potential bioterrorism threats" Sarah Petz (7 December 2010). "UManitoba lab featured on WikiLeaks". Maclean's. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  33. ^ Peru's only tin producer is Minsur, whose production in excess of 40,000 t of concentrate between 2003 and 2005 was the third largest in the world. "Tin Mining in Peru – Overview". Mbendi information services. {{cite web}}: line feed character in |title= at position 19 (help) Minsur's San Raphael Mine is the world's largest tin mine, and Minsur produces 12% of the world's tin. Dana Ford (30 September 2008). "Peru's Minsur looking for financing for Brazil buy". Reuters.
  34. ^ a b Andre Bagoo (7 December 2010). "US got secret ALNG info". Trinidad & Tobago's Newsday.
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