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=== Executive Posts ===
=== Executive Posts ===
In 2004 Vardanyan was CEO in [[Rosgosstrakh]]. He also headed ''Troika Dialog'' at the same time.<ref name=rvc /><ref name="finparty" /> As of October 2019, Vardanyan is one of the members of board of directors at [[Kamaz]], [[Ameriabank]] and Global Blue Russia Holdings B.V. He also is a member of the investment committee Avica Property Investors International, a member of the supervisory board at Investment and Venture Fund of the Republic of Tatarstan. Vardanyan is the chairman of the editorial committee international at BRICS Business Magazine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About — BRICS Business Magazine |url=https://www.bricsmagazine.com/en/pages/about |access-date=2022-07-20 |website=www.bricsmagazine.com}}</ref> He previously had served as an expert and executive member of advisory boards at [[Sollers JSC]], [[AvtoVAZ]], [[Sibur]], [[Novatek]], Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company, [[Sheremetyevo International Airport]], Rosgosstrakh, [[International Finance Corporation]], [[Standard Bank]], [[Marsh & McLennan Companies]], [[Russian Trading System]], [[Moscow Exchange|Moscow Stock Exchange]], the Federal Commission on Securities Market, the Depository Clearing Company, the National Association of Stock Market participants etc.<ref name="inc2018" /><ref name="finparty" /> He also headed the National Association of Stock Market participants during 1997 and 1998.<ref name="finparty" /> Since 2000, Vardanyan has been a member of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RSPP) where he was one of the members of executive board till 2012. In 2009 he entered the Committee on Innovative Policy and Entrepreneurship.<ref name="finparty" /> Vardanyan was one of the co-founders of ''the 2015 Club'', an informal Russian businessmen organization, that worked on strategic planning for the Russian economy up to 2015.<ref>{{cite news |date=2005-09-19 |title=Ротарианская гвардия |language=Russian |trans-title=The Rotarian Elite |newspaper=Kommersant |url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/609988}}</ref> Since 2010 Vardanyan is a member of trustees at the Alexander Gorchakov [[Public Diplomacy]] Fund. In 2015 he co-founded the Primakov Center for International Cooperation, currently Vardanyan is a member of its advisory board.<ref name="finparty" /> In 2019, Vardanyan was invited to join the executive board of Moscow-based [[ACRA (rating agency)|ACRA rating agency]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-01-18 |title=Предприниматель Рубен Варданян принял предложение войти в совет директоров АКРА |trans-title=Businessman Ruben Vardanyan Accepts ACRA Executive Board Invitation |url=https://1prime.ru/finance/20190118/829628156.html |publisher=PRIME |language=Russian}}</ref>
In 2004 Vardanyan was CEO in [[Rosgosstrakh]]. He also headed ''Troika Dialog'' at the same time.<ref name=rvc /><ref name="finparty" /> As of October 2019, Vardanyan is one of the members of board of directors at [[Kamaz]], [[Ameriabank]] and Global Blue Russia Holdings B.V. He also is a member of the investment committee Avica Property Investors International, a member of the supervisory board at Investment and Venture Fund of the Republic of Tatarstan. Vardanyan is the chairman of the editorial committee international at BRICS Business Magazine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About — BRICS Business Magazine |url=https://www.bricsmagazine.com/en/pages/about |access-date=2022-07-20 |website=www.bricsmagazine.com}}</ref> He previously had served as an expert and executive member of advisory boards at [[Sollers JSC]], [[AvtoVAZ]], [[Sibur]], [[Novatek]], Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company, [[Sheremetyevo International Airport]], Rosgosstrakh, [[International Finance Corporation]], [[Standard Bank]], [[Marsh & McLennan Companies]], [[Russian Trading System]], [[Moscow Exchange|Moscow Stock Exchange]], the Federal Commission on Securities Market, the Depository Clearing Company, the National Association of Stock Market participants etc.<ref name="inc2018" /><ref name="finparty" /> He also headed the National Association of Stock Market participants during 1997 and 1998.<ref name="finparty" /> Since 2000, Vardanyan has been a member of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RSPP) where he was one of the members of executive board till 2012. In 2009 he entered the Committee on Innovative Policy and Entrepreneurship.<ref name="finparty" /> Vardanyan was one of the co-founders of ''the 2015 Club'', an informal Russian businessmen organization, that worked on strategic planning for the Russian economy up to 2015.<ref>{{cite news |date=2005-09-19 |title=Ротарианская гвардия |language=Russian |trans-title=The Rotarian Elite |newspaper=Kommersant |url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/609988}}</ref> Since 2010 Vardanyan is a member of trustees at the Alexander Gorchakov [[Public Diplomacy]] Fund. In 2015 he co-founded the Primakov Center for International Cooperation, currently Vardanyan is a member of its advisory board.<ref name="finparty" /> In 2019, Vardanyan was invited to join the executive board of Moscow-based [[ACRA (rating agency)|ACRA rating agency]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-01-18 |title=Предприниматель Рубен Варданян принял предложение войти в совет директоров АКРА |trans-title=Businessman Ruben Vardanyan Accepts ACRA Executive Board Invitation |url=https://1prime.ru/finance/20190118/829628156.html |publisher=PRIME |language=Russian}}</ref>

== At the center of international scandal: Money-laundering scheme ==
In 2019 an almost $9 billion global money-laundering scheme allegedly set up and run by Russia's largest private investment bank and having close ties to the country's ruling elite has been uncovered by the Sarajevo-based Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP).<ref>{{Cite web |title='Troika Laundromat' Accusations Cast Millionaire Vardanyan In New Light |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/troika-laundromat-accusations-cast-millionaire-vardanyan-in-new-light/29803011.html |access-date=2022-09-12 |website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Report: Huge Money-Laundering Scheme By Russia's Largest Investment Bank |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/money-laundering-scheme-set-up-run-by-russia-s-largest-investment-bank-occrp-says/29802833.html |access-date=2022-09-12 |website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty |language=en}}</ref> An [[Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project|OCCRP]] investigation published on March 4 alleges that the $8.89 billion scheme, dubbed the Troika Laundromat, allowed corrupt politicians and organized-crime figures to launder funds, evade taxes, hide assets abroad, and carry out other illegal activities.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The “Troika Laundromat”: Money Laundering Scheme Used Forged Signatures of Armenian Migrant Workers to Funnel Millions |url=https://hetq.am/en/article/101451 |access-date=2022-09-12 |website=Hetq.am |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Armenian philanthropist at center of new laundering scandal {{!}} Eurasianet |url=https://eurasianet.org/armenian-philanthropist-at-center-of-new-laundering-scandal |access-date=2022-09-12 |website=eurasianet.org |language=en}}</ref>

The OCCRP pointed out that Ruben Vardanyan<ref>{{Cite web |last=Project |first=Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting |title=Ruben Vardanyan |url=https://www.occrp.org/en/troikalaundromat/profiles/ruben-vardanyan |access-date=2022-09-12 |website=OCCRP |language=en}}</ref> "was Troika's president, chief executive officer, and principal partner" at the time and "enjoyed a reputation as a Western-friendly representative of Russian capitalism." The OCCRP says there is no "definitive evidence" Vardanyan knew of the scheme, but that his signature was on one document in which he purportedly gave a loan to a company that was part of a network of the operation.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-04 |title=Banking leak exposes Russian network with link to Prince Charles |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/mar/04/banking-leak-exposes-russian-network-link-to-prince-charles-troika-laundromat |access-date=2022-09-12 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref> "Whether [Vardanyan] knew of the scheme being run by his bank is not clear," the OCCRP said in statements accompanying the report. "There is no direct evidence that he did."

[[Guardian Media Group|Guardian]] reported that [[Charles III|King Charles]]'s stately home restoration linked him to Russian money (Ruben Vardanyan).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-04 |title=How Prince Charles's stately home restoration linked him to Russian money |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/mar/04/how-prince-charles-stately-home-restoration-linked-him-with-russian-money-troika-laundromat |access-date=2022-09-12 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref>


== Philanthropy and social entrepreneurship ==
== Philanthropy and social entrepreneurship ==

Revision as of 22:11, 26 September 2022

For other people bearing this surname, see Vardanyan. For the wrestler, see Ruben Vardanyan (wrestler).
Ruben Vardanyan
Ռուբեն Կառլենի Վարդանյան
Born (1968-05-25) 25 May 1968 (age 55)
Yerevan, Armenian SSR,
Soviet Union
NationalityArmenian
CitizenshipArmenian[1]
OccupationBusinessman
Known forTroika Dialog, Moscow School of Management Skolkovo, UWC Dilijan, Aurora Prize, Future Armenian

Ruben Karlenovich Vardanyan (Armenian: Ռուբեն Կառլենի Վարդանյան, Russian: Рубен Карленович Варданян; born May 25, 1968) is an Armenian-born Russian businessman. He is the former Chief executive officer and shareholder of the Troika Dialog investment bank.[2]

Early life and education

Ruben Vardanyan was born on 25 May 1968, in Yerevan. In 1985 he graduated with honours from Yerevan state school. In 1985, he enrolled in MSU Faculty of Economics. After completing his first year, he did military service in Soviet Azerbaijan and Armenia. In 1992 he graduated with honours from the Faculty of Economics.[3][4]

Vardanyan had been trained in Cassa di Risparmio di Torino Italian saving bank in Turin and had completed a course on developing markets at Merrill Lynch in NY (1992).[3][5] Afterwards, he completed short-term courses at INSEAD (Fontainebleau, France, 2000), Harvard Business School (2001, 2005, 2018), Yale University and Stanford GSB (2012, 2013).[6]

Career

Troika Dialog

Main article: Troika Dialog

Vardanyan and Peter Derby (introduced to Vardanyan by Pavel Teplukhin) founded Troika Dialog on 18th March 1991. Vardanyan first worked as an expert and then headed the IPO department. In 1992 Vardanyan entered the executive board and became the executive director. Later he became the president, CEO and chairman of the board of directors of the company. He held the post until the company was sold out.[3][7] In the early 2000s Troika had its offices in the New York and London.[8] As of 2011, the partners held 63.6% of "Troika Dialog" shares, with 40% owned by Vardanyan. At financial year-end 2010, "Troika" assets totaled $5.75 bln, $872 mln equity and $42.346 mln revenue.[9][10] On March 11, 2011, Sberbank announced 100% acquisition of "Troika Dialog",[11] the transaction was finalized on January 23, 2012[12] The merger resulted in the launch of Sberbank CIB, a corporate investment business. In 2012 the asset management business merged into united holding, consolidating product ranges and executive boards of Sberbank on the base of "Troika Dialog". In 2018 Sberbank announced the merge of investment and corporate businesses into a single block.[13] Since the sale of "Troika Dialog" up to 2015, Vardanyan co-headed Sberbank CIB, also holding posts of the presidential adviser and Sberbank's chairman of the board.[6]

In March 2011, Sberbank acquired 100% of "Troika" shares for $1 bn.[14] The agreement also included Troika's partners bonuses for 3 years, thus the overall deal cost totaled $1.4 bln. Before the sale, Vardanyan owned the major block of shares (40%), estimated at $560 mln. In requital he was offered 20.5% in AvtoVAZ and 27.3% in Kamaz, later sold out with a profit. By 2013 Forbes estimated Vardanyan's net worth at $800 mln.[10]

On March 4, 2019, Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP) published an investigation on the Troika Laundromat, reporting on its network of 76 offshore companies, facilitating around $4.6 bln.[8][15] Later Vardanyan commented on the investigation, stating that the company "always strived to perform only under the strict principles of legitimacy and transparency".[16] Austrian prosecution service found no grounds to open an official investigation on the offshore network of Troika Dialog.[17]

Investment Projects after Troika

In 2013 Vardanyan along with Mikhail Broitman started Vardanyan, Broitman and Co, an investment company.[18] As of 2018, Vardanyan owned 75% of the company.[19] Its assets include shares in Ameriabank, UFS Transport operator, and several venture projects (Lamoda, Pronutria, NtechLab). Major investments are placed in real estate management. In 2013 Vardanyan acquired a 50% share in Avica Management Company, an investment fund, established by Gagik Adibekyan's RD Group. In February 2018 the partners announced a split, dividing real estate assets of estimated $1 bln value. Accprding to the settlement, Vardanyan was to keep office spaces, including Romanov Dvor and Vozdvizhenka business centres. Also in 2018 Vardanyan and Global Blue announced the launch of Global Blue Russia, a first tax-refunding company in Russia.[20][21][22][18][23][24]

In 2015 Ruben Vardanyan launched "Phoenix Advisors", a company engaged in family welfare protection, management and succession planning.[18]

In 2020, the Anti-Corruption Foundation, a Russian NGO led by Russian opposition figure Alexey Navalny, published an investigation which concerned Santerna Holdings Limited, a company owned by Vardanyan.[25] Citing Santerna's publicly available annual reports, the investigation found that, in 2016, Santerna invested almost $33.45 million in Luchano - a spa business owned by Gulsina Minnikhanova, the wife of the President of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov. The annual reports showed that Santerna's auditors applied a $26.8 million impairment charge shortly after the investment, reducing Santerna's stake in Luchano to $6.6 million. In 2018, Santerna made another investment of $10 million in Luchano. Months later, the same auditors applied another impairment charge, further bringing down the value of Santerna's investment, to $5 million. Based on this financial activity, whereby Santerna willingly overpaid twice, the Anti-Corruption Foundation asserted that Vardanyan's company made two disguised gifts, or bribes, to the wife of the President of Tatarstan. In the aftermath of both investments, investigative journalists found millions of dollars of luxury real estate owned by Minnikhanov's family.[26] Vardanyan denied these accusations.[27]

Executive Posts

In 2004 Vardanyan was CEO in Rosgosstrakh. He also headed Troika Dialog at the same time.[5][6] As of October 2019, Vardanyan is one of the members of board of directors at Kamaz, Ameriabank and Global Blue Russia Holdings B.V. He also is a member of the investment committee Avica Property Investors International, a member of the supervisory board at Investment and Venture Fund of the Republic of Tatarstan. Vardanyan is the chairman of the editorial committee international at BRICS Business Magazine.[28] He previously had served as an expert and executive member of advisory boards at Sollers JSC, AvtoVAZ, Sibur, Novatek, Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company, Sheremetyevo International Airport, Rosgosstrakh, International Finance Corporation, Standard Bank, Marsh & McLennan Companies, Russian Trading System, Moscow Stock Exchange, the Federal Commission on Securities Market, the Depository Clearing Company, the National Association of Stock Market participants etc.[19][6] He also headed the National Association of Stock Market participants during 1997 and 1998.[6] Since 2000, Vardanyan has been a member of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RSPP) where he was one of the members of executive board till 2012. In 2009 he entered the Committee on Innovative Policy and Entrepreneurship.[6] Vardanyan was one of the co-founders of the 2015 Club, an informal Russian businessmen organization, that worked on strategic planning for the Russian economy up to 2015.[29] Since 2010 Vardanyan is a member of trustees at the Alexander Gorchakov Public Diplomacy Fund. In 2015 he co-founded the Primakov Center for International Cooperation, currently Vardanyan is a member of its advisory board.[6] In 2019, Vardanyan was invited to join the executive board of Moscow-based ACRA rating agency.[30]

Philanthropy and social entrepreneurship

Moscow School of Management SKOLKOVO

Vardanyan through his philanthropic activities has been involved with Pushkin Museum council,[6] Russian National Orchestra and The American Russian Youth Orchestra.[31] He co-founded Moscow School of Management SKOLKOVO and was its president from 2006 to 2011. As of 2019, Vardanyan holds is the vice-chairman at the Skolkovo advisory board.[32][33][6] Vardanyan also heads the supervisory board at Skolkovo Institute for Emerging Market Studies (SIEMS).[6] From 2000 till 2016, Vardanyan was a member of the university endowment supervisory board at Russian New Economic School, During 2008-09 he was one of the members of the advisory board.[6] He had previously held served in supervisory boards of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (since 2014), MSU Faculty of Economics (2014-2017), international councils at Brazilian Fundação Dom Cabral' (since 2009), Japanese International Christian University (2011-2015), and GuangHua management school in China.[6]

United World College Dilijan

In 2013 Ruben Vardanyan with Veronika Zonabend and partners established UWC Dilijan College. The college an international boarding school for exceptionally talented youth in Armenian city Dilijan.[34][35][36][37]

In early 2000s Ruben Vardanyan and Noubar Afeyan initiated the Armenia 2020 project.[38] Vardanyan's philanthropic organization IDea Foundation undertakes Tatev Revival Project that supports Tatev monastery restoration program. In 2010, the Dzit Han oil mill was restored and opened for visitors.[39][40][41] Among other restoration initiatives, in 2015, the Saint George's Church in Tbilisi was restored where Vardanyan was one of the financer.[42] Vardanyan was one of the project benefactors of Armenian Cathedral of Moscow consecrated in 2017.[43] In May 2017 the restored Church of Holy Mother of God was opened Moushkapat, Artsakh.[44] in 2019, the Restoration of Yukhari Govhar Agha Mosque in Shushi was supported by Vardanyan's Revival of Oriental Historical Heritage Foundation.[45]

In 2016 The Foundation for Armenian Science and Technology was established jointly by Vardanyan, Noubar Afeyan, Fr. Mesrop Aramian and Artur Alaverdyan.[46] In 2014 Vardanyan also co-funded the prize money of The Aurora Prize for Awakening Humanity jointly with Noubar Afeyan, and Vartan Gregorian.[47][48][49]

Personal life

Vardanyan is married to Veronika Feliksovna Zonabend who is of Jewish origin, but baptized into the Armenian Apostolic Church.[50] Zonabend is the co-founder of the Armenian UWC Dilijan College. She also holds a post at the American University of Armenia advisory board. Zonabend is the head of the executive board at the Teach For Armenia educational foundation.[51] Vardanyan's elder sister Marine Ales is a composer and songwriter in Russian and Armenian languages, a member of the Aurora Prize Creative Council, and co-founder of "Grant Life Armenia" charity fund.[52]

In June 2021, Vardanyan acquired Armenian citizenship.[53] Vardanyan has been sanctioned by the United States following Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine.[54] In September 2022, he announced that he was no longer a Russian citizen. [55]

Awards

In 1999, Vardanyan was recognized as the Businessman of the Year by American Chamber of Commerce in Russia. For the subsequent couple pf years he was awarded the Best business manager on Russia's capital market by Career magazine. Ernst & Young recognized Vardanyan as the Entrepreneur of the Year in 2004. National Association of Stock Market participants declared Vardanyan as the Investment banker of the year in 2004 during the Stock market elite competition. Russian GQ nominated him as the "Man of the Year" as Best Entrepreneur in the year 2010.[56][6] In 2001 the Fortune magazine included Vardanyan into its 25 Rising Stars of the New Generation. The same year, Vardanyan was included in the list of the 100 Global Leaders of Tomorrow at the World Economic Forum.[57][6]

Vardanyan was awarded the Order of St. Mesrop Mashtots by the president of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2011, the Order of Saint Gregory the Illuminator by Armenian Church in 2013, and Order of Friendship in recognition of fruitful cooperation with the Republic of Tatarstan, contribution to the development of entrepreneurship, and public service, by the president of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov in 2018. The same year, Vardanyan received Academy of International Business Presidential Award for contribution to the development of education, and, with co-founder of ‘Aurora’ humanitarian initiative Noubar Afeyan), Search for Common Ground prize to honor accomplishments in conflict resolution, negotiation, community building, and peace-building.[6]

References

  1. ^ Ghazanchyan, Siranush (23 June 2021). "Ruben Vardanyan takes up Armenian citizenship". Public Radio of Armenia. Retrieved 3 July 2021. Armenian businessman and philanthropist, Aurora Initiative co-founder Ruben Vardanyan has become a citizen of Armenia.
  2. ^ "Рубен Варданян". Forbes.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 13 July 2022.
  3. ^ a b c "Официально" [It’s Official]. Kommersant—Ogoniok. 25 November 2013.
  4. ^ ""Мне в жизни невероятно повезло с менторами"" ["I Got Incredibly Lucky With Mentors"] (in Russian). Kommersant—Ogoniok. 25 November 2013.
  5. ^ a b "Избран председатель Совета директоров ОАО "Российская венчурная компания"" [Russian Venture Company Announces New Chairman of the Board of Directors] (in Russian). RBC. 26 August 2011.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Биография Рубена Варданяна" [Ruben Vardanyan: Bio] (in Russian). FinParty.ru.
  7. ^ Martov, V., Lisitsin, D. (2016). Мечта о "Тройке". Как самый необычный инвестбанк России стал национальным чемпионом [Dreaming about "Troika": How the Most Extraordinary Russian Investment Bank Became National Champion] (in Russian). Moscow: Mann, Ivanov & Ferber. p. 192. ISBN 978-5-00057-658-8.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ a b OCCRP Investigation (4 March 2019). "Кошелек российской элиты: Как устроена офшорная империя "Тройки Диалог"" [Russian Elite Finances: ‘Troika Dialog’ Offshore Empire] (in Russian). Meduza. Retrieved 8 June 2019.
  9. ^ Asker-Zade, Nailya (9 March 2011). ""Тройка диалог" могла остаться без прибыли в 2010 г." ["Troika Dialog" Could Have Missed Its Profits in 2010]. Vedomosti (in Russian).
  10. ^ a b Zubova, H. (10 September 2013). "Как экс-владелец "Тройки Диалог" стал обладателем состояния в $800 млн" [Former "Troika Dialog" Partner Gets $800 Net Worth]. Forbes (in Russian). Retrieved 25 June 2019.
  11. ^ Asker-Zade, Nailya (11 March 2011). "Сбербанк объявил о покупке "Тройки диалог"" [Sberbank to Acquire "Troika Dialog"]. Vedomosti (in Russian).
  12. ^ "Сбербанк и Тройка Диалог закрыли сделку по объединению" [Sberbank and "Troika Dialog" to Finalize the Acquisition] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 23 January 2012.
  13. ^ Trunina, A., Litova, A. (17 September 2019). "Сбербанк заявил об отсутствии спроса на услуги своего инвестподразделения" [Sberbank Announces No Demand On Its Investment Arm] (in Russian). RBC.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ "Нельзя войти на сайт Сбербанка в этом браузере". www.sberbank.com. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
  15. ^ Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project. "The Troika Laundromat". OCCRP. Retrieved 8 June 2019.
  16. ^ ""Смешалось все": Рубен Варданян ответил на обвинения в адрес "Тройки Диалог"" ["All Mixed Up": Ruben Vardanyan Comments "Troika Dialog" Accusations]. Forbes (in Russian). 7 March 2019. Retrieved 8 June 2019.
  17. ^ Kazarnovsky, P. (17 September 2019). "Прокуратура Австрии отказалась возбуждать дело об офшорах "Тройки Диалог"" [Austrian Prosecution Service Refuses to Open Case on "Troika Dialog" Offshores] (in Russian). RBC.
  18. ^ a b c Verzhbitsky, A. (18 September 2015). "Жизнь после "Тройки": чем занимается Рубен Варданян" [Life After "Troika": What Does Ruben Vardanyan Do]. Forbes (in Russian).
  19. ^ a b Suvorova, N., Mudriy, S. (10 July 2018). "Бизнес-кодекс: Рубен Варданян, предприниматель, инвестбанкир и филантроп" [Business Code: Ruben Vardanyan, Entrepreneur, Investment Banker and Philanthropist] (in Russian). Inc.Russia.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  20. ^ Ischenko, N. (31 January 2018). "Global Blue и Рубен Варданян создадут оператора tax free в России". Vedomosti (in Russian).
  21. ^ Filatov, A. (9 February 2018). "Рубен Варданян делит недвижимость со своим партнером" [Ruben Vardanyan And Partner Separate Assets]. Vedomosti (in Russian).
  22. ^ "Короли российской недвижимости за год заработали на аренде более $8 млрд" [Russian Real Estate Kings to Earn $8 Bln per Year on Leasing]. Forbes (in Russian). 25 January 2018.
  23. ^ Vedomosti (4 February 2015). "Рубен Варданян займется перевозками нефти" [Ruben Vardanyan Starts Oil Freight Business]. Vedomosti (in Russian).
  24. ^ Yastrebova, S., Kantyshev, P. (22 March 2018). ""Дочка" "Ростеха" и фонд Рубена Варданяна вложились в технологию распознавания лиц" [Ruben Vardanyan Fund and Rostec Subsidiary to Invest Face Recognition Technologies]. Vedomosti (in Russian).{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  25. ^ "Взятки. Дворцы. Самолеты. За что продали народ Татарстана". Алексей Навальный. Retrieved 23 March 2021.
  26. ^ "Relatives of Tatarstan's leader own millions of dollars in luxury real estate, anti-corruption activists reveal — Meduza". Meduza. Retrieved 23 March 2021.
  27. ^ "«Это полная чушь»: Варданян ответил на расследование фонда Навального о «взятке» семье президента Татарстана". Forbes.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 23 March 2021.
  28. ^ "About — BRICS Business Magazine". www.bricsmagazine.com. Retrieved 20 July 2022.
  29. ^ "Ротарианская гвардия" [The Rotarian Elite]. Kommersant (in Russian). 19 September 2005.
  30. ^ "Предприниматель Рубен Варданян принял предложение войти в совет директоров АКРА" [Businessman Ruben Vardanyan Accepts ACRA Executive Board Invitation] (in Russian). PRIME. 18 January 2019.
  31. ^ Cite error: The named reference finparty2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  32. ^ "Рубен Варданян покинул пост президента московской школы управления "Сколково"" [Ruben Vardanyan Leaving Presidency at Moscow School of Management Skolkovo] (in Russian). newsarmenia.am.
  33. ^ "Глава "Тройки Диалог" ушел с поста президента "Сколково"" ["Troika Dialog" Head to Leave Skolkovo President Seat] (in Russian). Lenta.ru.
  34. ^ Zvezdina, A. (4 September 2017). "Школа цвета гор на закате" [The School of Dawn Mountains Colour]. Kommersant (in Russian).
  35. ^ Shiloh, M. (4 September 2017). "Как меценаты поддерживают образовательные проекты" [How Philanthropists Support Educational Initiatives]. Vedomosti (in Russian).
  36. ^ "Radius of Trust" // Forbes Life, №2, July 2013". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  37. ^ Rashid, Brian. "United World College Dilijan: A Lens Into The Future Of Education". Forbes. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  38. ^ Antziperova, M. (12 October 2017). ""Модель процветания требует воли, амбиций и риска"" [This Success Model Demands Will, Ambition and Risk]. Forbes (in Russian).
  39. ^ Gabrielyan, H. (16 October 2015). ""Крылья Татева": Зачем Армении самая длинная канатная дорога в мире" [Wings of Tatev: Why Does Armenia Need World Longest Cableway?] (in Russian). RFI.
  40. ^ "Ruben Vardanian: "A model for prosperity requires will, ambition, and risks"". mediamax.am. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  41. ^ "Возрождение Татева" [Tatev Revival] (in Russian). IDEA.
  42. ^ "Восстановление кафедрального собора Сурб Геворг позволит армянской общине Грузии жить полноценной духовной жизнью" [Saint George's Church To Fulfill Spiritual Needs of Georgian Armenians] (in Russian). Armenpress. 31 October 2015.
  43. ^ Korobov, P. (17 September 2013). "Армяне построили духовный центр в Москве" [Armenian Church Complex to Open in Moscow]. Kommersant (in Russian).
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  45. ^ "Верхняя мечеть Шуши обрела вторую жизнь" [The Yukhari Govhar Agha Mosque Is Revived] (in Russian). Golos Armenii. 15 October 2019.
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  48. ^ Chernyh, A. (10 March 2015). "Рубен Варданян инвестировал в правозащиту. Российский бизнесмен учредил крупнейшую гуманитарную премию" [Ruben Vardanyan Invests in Human Rights. Russian Entrepreneur Founds Biggest Humanitarian Award]. Kommersant (in Russian).
  49. ^ Маргарита Фёдорова (29 May 2017). "Шарль Азнавур назвал лауреата Aurora Prize" [Charles Aznavour Announced New Aurora Prize Laureate]. Kommersant (in Russian).
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  53. ^ Ghazanchyan, Siranush (23 June 2021). "Ruben Vardanyan takes up Armenian citizenship". Public Radio of Armenia. Retrieved 3 July 2021. Armenian businessman and philanthropist, Aurora Initiative co-founder Ruben Vardanyan has become a citizen of Armenia.
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