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| Mizki (VY1)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vocaloid.com/VY1.html|title=VY1|publisher=[[Yamaha Corporation]]|accessdate=August 6, 2010|language=Japanese}}</ref><ref name="vocaloid-store1" />
| Yamaha Corporation
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| [[Unisex]]
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====Unreleased products====
====Unreleased products====

Revision as of 09:37, 1 September 2010

Vocaloid
Developer(s)Yamaha Corporation
Initial releaseJanuary 2004
Stable release
Vocaloid 2
Operating systemWindows XP / Vista / 7
Available inEnglish, Japanese
TypeMusical Synthesizer Application
Licenseproprietary
Websitewww.vocaloid.com

Vocaloid is a singing synthesizer application developed by the Yamaha Corporation that enables users to synthesize singing by typing in lyrics and melody. It utilizes Yamaha's Vocaloid synthesizing technology with specially recorded vocals of voice actors or singers. To create a song, the user must input the melody and lyrics. A piano roll type interface is used to input the melody and the lyrics can be entered on each note. The software can change the stress of the pronunciations, add effects such as vibrato, or change the dynamics and tone of the voice. Each Vocaloid is sold as "a singer in a box". The software is available in English and Japanese, although a Chinese version has now been produced for Sonika.

The software is intended for professional musicians as well as light computer music users and has so far sold on the idea that the only limits are the users' own skills.[1] Japanese musical group Supercell (Sony Music Entertainment Japan) have featured Vocaloid as vocals in their songs, and record labels in Japan also have released compilation albums featuring Vocaloids.

Software history

Vocaloid

Thingymajigtus
A song with vocals provided by the Vocaloid character Miriam.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

The first Vocaloids, Leon and Lola, were released by the studio Zero-G on March 3, 2004, both of which were sold as a "Virtual Soul Vocalist". Leon and Lola made their first appearance at the at the NAMM Show on January 15, 2004.[2] Leon and Lola were also demonstrated at the Zero-G Limited booth during Wired Nextfest and won the 2005 Electronic Musician Editor's Choice Award.[3] Zero-G later released Miriam, with her voice provided by Miriam Stockley, in July 2004. Later that year, Crypton Future Media also released their first Vocaloid Meiko. Though Leon, Lola, Miriam and Meiko experienced good sales, Kaito was the only one who initially failed commercially. After interest in Vocaloids grew, Zero-G began reselling their Vocaloid products again on their website, and were considering to update their box art to match current Vocaloid trends better.[4]

Released products

Product Developer Language Sex Voice sampled Release date
Leon[5] Zero-G English Male March 3, 2004
Lola[6] Female
Miriam[7] Female Miriam Stockley July 26, 2004
Meiko[8] Crypton Future Media Japanese Female Meiko Haigō November 5, 2004
Kaito[9] Male Naoto Fūga February 17, 2006

Vocaloid 2

The package of the Vocaloid 2 product, Hatsune Miku

The first release based on the Vocaloid 2 engine came from PowerFX with Sweet Ann on June 29, 2007 whose boxart was based on a Frankenstein's monster.[10] This was closely followed by Crypton two months later with the first of their "Character Vocal Series", Hatsune Miku, on August 31, 2007. Zero-G's first Vocaloid, Prima, came out on January 14, 2008 with voice of a Soprano opera singer. Internet Co., Ltd also joined the Vocaloid development with their first Vocaloid Gackpoid on July 31, 2008, whose voice was provided by Japanese international singer Gackt. Gackpoid includes a new program, OPUS Express, for mixing vocal parts with accompaniment or phoneme data.[11] AH Software later released their first Vocaloids on December 4, 2009 bringing the total of studios producing Vocaloids to five.

Crypton Future Media released the first dual Vocaloid Kagamine Len and Kagamine Rin, a Japanese male and female. On July 18, 2008, Crypton Future Media released the updated edition of Kagamine Rin and Len, named "act2".[12] For a period of time, users who had bought the old version were allowed to get the new version for free. On June 18, 2008, beta demonstration songs using the new version were released on the company's official blog.[13] The expansion disc is an entirely different software and does not affect the original Kagamine Rin/Len installation in any way, giving the user options to either use the old or new voice sets exclusively or combine their usage. Crypton Future Media have now retired the sale of their old Kagamine Vocaloid and it is now no longer possible to buy the software from them.[14] This was also the very first Vocaloid update to be done for any Vocaloid.

On April 30, 2010, an updated version of Miku called Hatsune Miku Append was released containing a package of six different tones of Miku's voice: Soft (gentle, delicate voice), Sweet (young, chibi voice), Dark (mature, heartbroken-like voice), Vivid (bright, cheerful voice), Solid (loud, clear voice), and Light (innocent, heavenly voice).[15] This was the first time a Vocaloid has such a release and more Append are reported from Crypton Future Media at later dates.[16]

Yamaha also began to get involved with the sale and production of Vocaloid's themselves with Lily being the first. Their involvement continued with the VY series, with VY1 Mizki being the first, which will be released in deluxe and standard editions on September 1, 2010.[17] The VY series is a series designed to be a high quality product for professional musicians. The series is also designed with the intention to set a new standard for the Vocaloids for having no face, sex or set voice, but are designed to complete any song.

Other significant releases include Crypton's Megurine Luka, the first bilingual Vocaloid and Zero-G's Sonika who was developed to being able to speak any language, even though she is primarily an English vocalist. AH Software's Kaai Yuki became the first Vocaloid to use a child's voice. Two studios are known to be working on franchise based Vocaloids. The first is AH-Software who will be doing a Hello Kitty-based Vocaloid in cooperation with Sanrio. Internet Co., Ltd. announced they will be doing a Gachapin Vocaloid "Gachapoid". All such products are listed with the franchise name and "Vocaloid" on the packaging.

An edition of Sonika was released in Taiwan on August 1, 2010. Users can choose to use the original English or traditional Chinese interface, however it does not have a Chinese language input method or a Chinese singing voice. This is the first edition of Vocaloid software widely released to speakers of Chinese.[18][19][20]

Released products

Product Developer Language Sex Voice sampled Release date
Sweet Ann[21] PowerFX English Female Jody 2007-06-29June 29, 2007
Hatsune Miku (CV01)[22] Crypton Future Media Japanese Female Saki Fujita 2007-08-31August 31, 2007
Kagamine Rin and Len (CV02)[23] Crypton Future Media Japanese Female (Rin)
Male (Len) 		Asami Shimoda 2007-12-27December 27, 2007
Prima[24] Zero-G English Female 2008-01-14January 14, 2008
Kagamine Rin and Len (CV02) Act 2[14][12] Crypton Future Media Japanese Female (Rin)
Male (Len) 		Asami Shimoda 2008-07-18July 18, 2008
Gackpoid: Kamui Gakupo[25] Internet Co., Ltd. Japanese Male Gackt 2008-07-31July 31, 2008
Megurine Luka (CV03)[26] Crypton Future Media Japanese and English Female Yū Asakawa 2009-01-30January 30, 2009
Megpoid: Gumi[27] Internet Co., Ltd. Japanese Female Megumi Nakajima 2009-06-25June 25, 2009
Sonika[28][29] Zero-G English Female 2009-07-14July 14, 2009
SF-A2 Miki[30] AH Software Japanese Female Miki Furukawa 2009-12-04December 4, 2009
Kaai Yuki[31] AH Software Japanese Female 2009-12-04December 4, 2009
Hiyama Kiyoteru[32] AH Software Japanese Male 2009-12-04December 4, 2009
Big Al[33][34] PowerFX English Male Michael King (original pre-release)
Frank Sanderson (post-release) 		2009-12-22December 22, 2009
Hatsune Miku Append[35] Crypton Future Media Japanese Female Saki Fujita 2010-04-30April 30, 2010
Tonio[36] Zero-G English Male 2010-07-14July 14, 2010
Lily[37][38] Yamaha Corporation
Avex Management[39][40] 		Japanese Female Yūri Masuda (m.o.v.e.) 2010-08-25August 25, 2010

|- | Mizki (VY1)[41][17] | Yamaha Corporation | Japanese | Unisex | | 2010-09-01September 1, 2010 |-

Unreleased products

Product Developer Language Sex Voice sampled Release date
Mizki (VY1)[42][17] Yamaha Corporation Japanese Unisex 2010-09-01September 1, 2010
Gachapoid[43] Internet Co., Ltd. Japanese 2010-10-08October 8, 2010
Untitled[44][45] AH Software Japanese Female 2010-10October 2010
Untitled[4] Zero-G English 20102010
Kagamine Rin and Len Append[46] Crypton Future Media Japanese Female (Rin)
Male (Len) 		Asami Shimoda 2011Summer 2011
CV04[47][48] Crypton Future Media Japanese Male TBA
  • Crypton has a "Project if..." with a mysterious, child-like voice.[49][50][51]
  • PowerFX are working towards other Vocaloids.[10]

Vocaloid 3

Vocaloid 3 has been confirmed,[52] and is said to be aimed to be Yamaha's most "realistic voice engine yet."[who?]

According to Crypton, because professional female singers refused to provide singing data, in fear that the software might create their singing voice's clones, Crypton changed their focus from imitating certain singers to creating characteristic vocals. This change of focus led to sampling vocals of voice actors and the Japanese voice actor agency Arts Vision supported the development.[53] Similar concerns are expressed throughout the other studios using Vocaloid, with Zero-G refusing to release the names of their providers and Miriam Stockley (who provided the voice for Miriam) remains the only known Zero-G voice provider.[4] PowerFX only hinted at Sweet Ann's voice provider and only Big Al's is known. AH Software named Miki's voice provider, but for legal reasons cannot name Kaai Yuki's as minors were the subject of the recordings.

Any rights or obligations arising from the vocals created by the software belong to the software user. Just like any music synthesizer, the software is treated as a musical instrument and the vocals as sound. Under the term of license, the mascots for the software can be used to create vocals for commercial or non-commercial use as long as the vocals do not offend public policy. In other words, the user is bound under the term of license of the software not to synthesize derogatory or disturbing lyrics. On the other hand, copyrights to the mascot image and name belong to their respective studios. Under the term of license, a user cannot commercially distribute a vocal as a song sung by the character, nor use the mascot image on commercial products, without the consent of the studio who owns them.[54]

One of the most controversial uses of the legal agreements of any Vocaloid producing studio was from the Democratic Party of Japan, whose running candidate, Kenzo Fujisue, attempted to secure the use of Miku's image in the Japanese House of Councillors election of July 11, 2010. The hope was that the party could use her image to appeal to younger voters. Although Crypton Future Media rejected the party's use of her image or name for political purposes, Fujisue released the song "We Are the One" using her voice but not credited to her on YouTube, by replacing her image with the party's character in the music video.[55]

Employees working within the studios are bound by legal implications not to repeat any details given to them from Yamaha on Vocaloid development without Yamaha's permission. They are also not allowed to disclose details of upcoming Vocaloids without permission of the Vocaloid studio nor reveal the identity of the singer if the studio does not make it public.

Marketing

Though developed by Yamaha, the marketing of each Vocaloid is left to the respective studios. Yamaha themselves do maintain a degree of promotional efforts in the actual Vocaloid software, as seen when the humanoid robot model HRP-4C of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) was set up to react to three Vocaloids—Hatsune Miku, Megpoid and Crypton's noncommercial Vocaloid software "CV-4Cβ"—as part of promotions for both Yamaha and AIST at CEATEC in 2009.[56][57] Japanese magazines such as DTM magazine are responsible for the promotion and introduction for many of the Japanese Vocaloids to Japanese Vocaloid fans. It has featured Vocaloids such as Miku, Kagamine Rin and Len, and Lily, printing some of the sketches by artist Kei and reporting the latest news on the Vocaloids.

File:Studie GLAD BMW Z4 2008 Super GT qualifying.jpg
The Hatsune Miku Studie Glad BMW Z4 competed in the 2008 Super GT season.

Crypton has been involved with the marketing of their Vocal Series, particularly Hatsune Miku, has been actively involved in the GT300 class of the Super GT since 2008 with the support of Good Smile Racing (a branch of Good Smile Company, mainly in charge of car-related products, especially itasha (cars featuring illustrations of anime-styled characters) stickers). Although Good Smile Company was not the first to bring the anime and manga culture to Super GT, it departs from others by featuring itasha directly rather than colorings onto vehicles.

Since the 2008 season, three different teams received their sponsorship under Good Smile Racing, and turned their cars to Vocaloid-related artwork:

  • Studie, which participated in the 2008 and 2009 seasons and used a BMW Z4 E86. Their car was painted in official Hatsune Miku art, and fan-derivative versions of Hatsune Miku in some races in the 2009 season.[58][59]
  • Team MOLA, using a Nissan 350Z, and they received sponsors on the final race in Fuji in the 2008 season. Images of Kagamine Rin and Len was added on their original colorings. The Fuji round, in fact, is still the only FIA race to feature two unique itasha cars competing in a single race.[60][61]
  • Team COX, participating in the 2010 season, which uses a Porsche 996 GT3 RSR (and will use a Porsche 997 GT3-R). Their car uses Racing Miku (an official Hatsune Miku derivative, wearing an orange race queen suit) as their image.

As well as involvements with the GT series, Crypton also established the website Piapro.[62] A number of games starting from Hatsune Miku: Project DIVA were produced by Sega under license using Hatsune Miku and other Crypton Vocaloids, as well as "fan made" Vocaloids. TinierMe Gacha also made attire that looks like Miku for their services, allowing users to make their avatar resemble the Crypton Vocaloids.[63][64]

Initially, Crypton Future Media were the only studio that was allowed the license of figurines to be produced for their Vocaloids. A number of figurines and plush dolls were also released under license to Max Factory and the Good Smile Company of Crypton's Vocaloids. However, as part of promotions for Vocaloid Lily, license for a figurine was given to Phat Company and Lily became the first non-Crypton Vocaloid to receive a figurine.[65]

In regards to the English Vocaloid studios, Power FX's Sweet Ann was given her own MySpace page and Sonika her own Twitter account. In comparison to Japanese studios, Zero-G and PowerFX maintain a high level of contact with their fans. Zero-G in particular encourages fan feed back and, after adopting Sonika as a mascot for their studio, has run two competitions related to her.[66][67] There was also talk from PowerFX of redoing their Sweet Ann box art and a competition would be included as part of the redesign.[10] English Vocaloids however currently do not sell enough to warrant extras such as seen with Crypton's Miku Append. However, it has been confirmed if the English Vocaloids become more popular, then Appends would be an option in the future.

Vocaloids have also been promoted at events such as the NAMM show and the Musikmesse fair. In fact, it was the promotion of Zero-G's Lola and Leon at the NAMM trade show that would later introduce PowerFX to the Vocaloid program.[10] These events have also become an opportunity for announcing new Vocaloids with Prima being announced at the NAMM event in 2007 and Tonio having been announced at the NAMM event in 2009.[68] A customized, Chinese version of Sonika was released at the Fancy Frontier Develop Animation Festival, as well as with promotional versions with stickers and posters. Sanrio held a booth at Comiket 78 featuring the voice of an unreleased Vocaloid. AH Software in cooperation with Sanrio shared a booth and the event was used to advertise both the a Hello Kitty game and AH Software's new Vocaloid.[69] At the Nico Nico Douga Daikaigi 2010 Summer: Egao no Chikara event, Internet Co., Ltd. announced their latest Vocaloid "Gachapoid" based on popular children's character Gachapin.

Cultural impact

Nico Nico Douga played a fundamental role in the recognition and popularity of the software. Soon after the release of the software, users of Nico Nico Douga started posting videos with songs created by the software. According to Crypton, a popular video with "Hachune Miku", a super deformed Miku, holding a leek and singing "Ievan Polkka", presented multifarious possibilities of applying the software in multimedia content creation.[70] As the recognition and popularity of the software grew, Nico Nico Douga became a place for collaborative content creation. Popular original songs written by a user would generate illustrations, animation in 2D and 3D, and remixes by other users. Other creators would show their unfinished work and ask for ideas.[71] The website has become so influential that studios often post demos on Nico Nico Douga, as well as other websites such as YouTube, as part of the promotional effort of their Vocaloid products. The important role Nico Nico Douga has played in promoting the Vocaloids also sparked interest in the software and Kentaro Miura, the artist of Gakupo's mascot design, had offered his services for free because of his love for the website.[72]

In September 2009, three figurines based on the derivative character "Hachune Miku" were launched in a rocket from the United States state of Nevada's Black Rock Desert, though it did not reach outer space.[73][74] In late November 2009, a petition was launched in order to get a custom made Hatsune Miku aluminum plate (8 cm x 12 cm, 3.1" x 4.7") made that would be used as a balancing weight for the Japanese Venus space probe Akatsuki.[75] Started by Hatsune Miku fan Sumio Morioka that goes by chodenzi-P, this project has received the backing of Dr. Seiichi Sakamoto of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). On December 22, 2009, the petition exceeded the needed 10,000 signatures necessary to have the plates made. An original deadline of December 20, 2009 had been set to send in the petition, but due to a couple of delays in the Akatsuki project, a new deadline of January 6, 2010 was set; by this deadline, over 14,000 signatures had been received. On May 21, 2010 at 06:58:22 (JST), Akatsuki was launched on the rocket H-IIA 202 Fright 17 from the Japanese spaceport Tanegashima Space Center, having three plates depicting Hatsune Miku.[76][77]

The Vocaloid software has also had a great influence on the character Black Rock Shooter, which looks like Hatsune Miku but is not linked to her by design. The character was made famous by the song "Black Rock Shooter",[78] and a number of figurines have been made. An original video animation made by Ordet is set to be streamed for free as part of a promotional campaign running from June 25 to August 31, 2010.[79]

Software development

Yamaha developed Vocaloid-flex, a singing software application based on the Vocaloid engine, which contains a speech synthesizer. According to the official announcement, users can edit its phonological system more delicately than those of other Vocaloid series to get closer to the actual speech language; for example, it enables final devoicing, unvoicing vowel sounds or weakening/strengthening consonant sounds.[80] It was used in a video game Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker released on April 28, 2010. It is still a corporate product and a consumer version has not been announced.[81]

To aid in the production of 3D animations, the program MikuMikuDance was developed as a independent program. The freeware software allowed a boom in fan-made and derivative characters to be developed, as well as acted in a boost for the promoting of the Vocaloid songs themselves.[82] Another Vocaloid tool that was developed was VocaListener, a software package that allows for realistic Vocaloid songs to be produced.[83][84]

The Vocaloid software had a great influence on the development of the freeware software Vocal Synthesizer Tool Utau (歌声合成ツール UTAU).[85] Two female products were produced for the Macne series (Mac音シリーズ) for intended use for the programs Reason 4 and GarageBand. These products were sold by Act2 and by converting their file format, were able to also work with the Utau program.[86] The program Maidloid, developed for the character Acme Iku (阿久女イク), was also developed, which works in a similar way to Vocaloid, except produces erotic sounds rather then an actual singing voice.[87] Other than Vocaloid, AH Software also developed Tsukuyomi Ai and Shouta for the software Voiceroid, and the sale of their Vocaloids gave AH software the chance to promote Voiceroid at the same time. The software is aimed for speaking rather then singing. Both AH Software's Vocaloids and Voiceroids went on sale on December 4, 2009.[88]

It is difficult to know how many songs and albums are using the Vocaloid software since song writers must ask permission before being allowed to state specifically they are using a Vocaloid in their songs. The first album to be released using a Vocaloid was A Place in the Sun, which used Leon's voice for the vocals singing in both Russian and English.[89] Miriam has also been featured in two albums, Light + Shade[90] and Continua.[91] Japanese electropop-artist Susumu Hirasawa used Vocaloid Lola in the original soundtrack of Paprika by Satoshi Kon.[92][93]

One of the Vocaloid compilations, Exit Tunes Presents Vocalogenesis feat. Hatsune Miku, debuted at number-one on the Japanese weekly Oricon album charts dated May 31, 2010, becoming the first Vocaloid album ever to top the charts.[94] Another album, Supercell, by the group Supercell[95] also features a number of songs using Vocaloids. Other albums, such as 19's Sound Factory's First Sound Story[96] and Livetune's Re:Repackage, and Re:Mikus[97][98] also feature Miku's voice. Other uses of Miku include the albums Sakura no Ame (桜ノ雨) by Absorb and Miku no Kanzume (みくのかんづめ) by OSTER-project. Kagamine Len and Rin's songs were covered by Asami Shimoda in the album Prism credited to "Kagamine Rin/Len feat. Asami Shimoda".[99]

As a virtual idol, Hatsune Miku performed her first "live" concert during Animelo Summer Live at the Saitama Super Arena on August 22, 2009.[100][101] Miku also performed her first overseas live concert on November 21, 2009, during Anime Festival Asia (AFA) in Singapore.[102][103] On March 9, 2010, Miku's first solo live performance titled "Miku no Hi Kanshasai 39's Giving Day" was opened at the Zepp Tokyo in Odaiba, Tokyo.[104][105]

In the month prior to her release, SF-A2 Miki was featured in the album Vocaloids X'mas: Shiroi Yoru wa Seijaku o Mamotteru as part of her promotion. The album featured the Vocaloid singing Christmas songs.[106] Miki was also featured singing the introduction of the game Hello Kitty to Issho!.

A young female prototype used for the "project if..." series was used in Sound Horizon's musical work "Ido e Itaru Mori e Itaru Ido", labeled as the "prologue maxi". The prototype sang alongside Miku for their music and is known only by the name "Junger März_Prototype β".[107][108]

For Yamaha's Mizki Vocaloid, an album featuring VY1 was created. The album is set to be released with the deluxe version of the program. It includes various well known producers from Nico Nico Douga and YouTube and includes covers of various popular and well known Vocaloid songs using the VY1 Mizki product.[109]

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