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{{main|List of chief rabbis of the United Kingdom}}
{{main|List of chief rabbis of the United Kingdom}}
====Ashkenazi Chief Rabbis====
====Ashkenazi Chief Rabbis====
*[[Judah Loeb ben Abraham Ephraim Asher Anshel]] (1696–1700)
*[[Judah Loeb ben Abraham Ephraim Asher Anshel]] (1696–1700)<ref>{{cite book|title=[[Yerushaseinu 5771]]|url=http://http://pelorous.totallyplc.com/media_manager/public/76/Early%20Years%20of%20London%20-%20You%20and%20US.pdf</ref>
*[[Aaron the Scribe of Dublin]] (1700–1704)
*[[Aaron the Scribe of Dublin]] (1700–1704)<ref>{{cite book|title=[[Yerushaseinu 5771]]|url=http://http://pelorous.totallyplc.com/media_manager/public/76/Early%20Years%20of%20London%20-%20You%20and%20US.pdf</ref>
*[[Aaron Hart (rabbi)|Aaron Hart]] (1704–1756)
*[[Aaron Hart (rabbi)|Aaron Hart]] (1704–1756)<ref>{{cite book|title=[[Yerushaseinu 5771]]|url=http://http://pelorous.totallyplc.com/media_manager/public/76/Early%20Years%20of%20London%20-%20You%20and%20US.pdf</ref>
*[[Hart Lyon]] (1758–1764)
*[[Hart Lyon]] (1758–1764)
*[[Tevele Schiff|David Tevele Schiff]] (1765–1791)
*[[Tevele Schiff|David Tevele Schiff]] (1765–1791)

Revision as of 01:05, 13 December 2011

"Chief Rabbinate" redirects here. For See also Chief Rabbinate of Israel, see Chief Rabbinate (disambiguation).

Chief Rabbi is a title given in several countries to the recognized religious leader of that country's Jewish community, or to a rabbinic leader appointed by the local secular authorities. Since 1911, through a capitulation by Rabbi Uziel, Israel has had two chief rabbis, one Ashkenazi and one Sephardi.[1]

Cities with large Jewish communities may also have their own chief rabbis; this is especially the case in Israel but has also been past practice in major Jewish centers in Europe prior to the Holocaust. North American cities have rarely had chief rabbis, although some do have them: Montreal, in fact, has two—one for the Ashkenazi community, the other for the Sephardi.

The Chief Rabbi's name is often followed by ABD, which stands for Av Beth Din.[citation needed]

Chief rabbis by country/region

Albania Albania

Argentina Argentina

Sephardi

Ashkenazi

Sergio Bergman

Austria Austria

United Kingdom British Empire and Commonwealth

Main article: List of chief rabbis of the United Kingdom

Ashkenazi Chief Rabbis

Sephardi Hahamim

Bulgaria Bulgaria

Chile Chile

There is not a Chief Rabbi in Chile. The most prominent posek was Rabbi Dovid Raichmain, he left Chile in the 1990s.

China China

See chief Rabbis of Hong Kong, China.

Cuba Cuba

Cyprus Cyprus

Denmark Denmark[10]

Egypt Egypt

  • Refael Aharon Ben Shimon (1891–1921)
  • Masoud Haim Ben Shimon (1921–1925)
  • Chaim Nahum (1925–1960)
  • Haim Douek (1960–1972)

Estonia Estonia

Finland Finland

France France

Germany Germany

  • Yitshak Ehrenberg (1997-present)[2]

Guatemala Guatemala

Hungary Hungary

Note that this list is out of order.
  • Meir Eisenstadt—known as the Panim Me'iros (1708–), rabbi of Eisenstadt and author of "Panim Me'irot"
  • Alexander ben Menahem
  • Phinehas Auerbach
  • Jacob Eliezer Braunschweig
  • Hirsch Semnitz
  • Simon Jolles (1717–?)
  • Samson Wertheimer (1693?–1724) (also Eisenstadt and Moravia)
  • Issachar Berush Eskeles (1725–1753)[11]
  • Joseph Hirsch Weiss—grandfather of Stephen Samuel Wise[12][13]
  • Samuel Kohn
  • Ferenc Hevesi
  • Moshe Kunitzer—a pioneer of the Haskalah movement in Hungary (1828–1837)
  • Koppel Reich
  • Chaim Yehuda Deutsch
  • József Schweitzer
  • Robert (Avrohom Yehudoh) Deutsch

Iran Iran

Republic of Ireland Ireland

Israel Israel

Main article: Chief Rabbinate of Israel

The position of chief rabbi of the Land of Israel has existed for hundreds of years. During the mandatory period, the British recognized the chief Rabbis of the Ashkenazi and Sephardi communities, just as they recognized the Mufti of Jerusalem. The offices continued after statehood was achieved. Haredi Jewish groups (such as Edah HaChareidis) do not recognize the authority of the Chief Rabbinate. They usually have their own rabbis who do not have any connection to the state rabbinate.

Under current Israeli law, the post of Chief Rabbi exists in only four cities (Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Haifa, and Beersheba). In other cities there may be one main rabbi to whom the other rabbis of that city defer, but that post is not officially the "Chief Rabbi".

Many of Israel's chief rabbis were previously chief rabbis of Israeli cities.

Military Rabbinate

Lebanon Lebanon

Mexico Mexico

  • Shlomo Tawil (2002–Present)

Morocco Morocco

Norway Norway

Panama Panama

  • Zion Levy (1951–1998) Sephardic Chief Rabbi

Poland Poland

See also: List of Polish Rabbis

Poland: Armed Forces:

Romania Romania

Russia Russia

Main article: Chief Rabbi of Russia

Serbia Serbia

Singapore Singapore

Slovakia Slovakia

South Africa South Africa

Spain Spain

  • Baruj Garzon (1968-1978), the first Chief Rabbi in Spain since the expulsion in 1492
  • Yehuda Benasuli z"l (1978-1997)
  • Rabbi Moshe Bendahan (1997-present)

Thailand Thailand

Transylvania (before 1918)

Note: The chief rabbi of Transylvania was generally the rabbi of the city of Alba Iulia.

  • Joseph Reis Auerbach (d. 1750)
  • Shalom Selig ben Saul Cohen (1754–1757)
  • Johanan ben Isaac (1758–1760)
  • Benjamin Ze'eb Wolf of Cracow (1764–1777)
  • Moses ben Samuel Levi Margaliot (1778–1817)
  • Menahem ben Joshua Mendel (1818–23)
  • Ezekiel Paneth (1823–1843)
  • Abraham Friedmann (d. 1879), the last chief rabbi of Transylvania

Tunisia Tunisia

Turkey Turkey

See also: Hakham Bashi

Uganda Uganda

Ukraine Ukraine

United States United States

A chief rabbinate never truly developed within the United States for a number of different reasons. While Jews first settled in the United States in 1654 in New Amsterdam, rabbis did not appear in the United States until the mid-nineteenth century. This lack of rabbis, coupled with the lack of official colonial or state recognition of a particular sect of Judaism as official (e.g. Ottolengui v. Ancker) effectively led to a form of congregationalism amongst American Jews. This did not stop others from trying to create a unified American Judaism, and in fact, some chief rabbis developed in some American cities despite lacking universal recognition amongst the Jewish communities within the cities (for examples see below). However, Jonathan Sarna argues that those two precedents, as well as the desire of many Jewish immigrants to the US to break from an Orthodox past, effectively prevented any effective Chief Rabbi in America.[19]

Uruguay Uruguay

Venezuela Venezuela

Chief rabbis by city

Amsterdam, Netherlands

Antwerp, Belgium

Baltimore, United States

  • Abraham N. Schwartz (d. 1934)
  • Joseph H. Feldman (retired 1972, d. 1992)

Berlin, Germany

  • Yitshak Ehrenberg (1997-present)[3]

Birobidzhan, Russia

Budapest, Hungary

Caracas, Venezuela

Chicago, United States

  • Yaakov Dovid Wilovsky—known as the Ridbaz, served as chief rabbi of the Russian-American congregations in the city 1903–1905.

Frankfurt, Germany

Haifa, Israel

Hebron, Israel

Hoboken, United States

Hong Kong, China

Jerusalem, Israel

Edah HaChareidis

Note: The Edah HaChareidis is unaffiliated with the State of Israel. It is a separate, independent religious community with its own Chief Rabbis, who are viewed, in the Haredi world, as being the Chief Rabbis of Jerusalem.

Leiden, Netherlands

Milan, Italy

Montreal, Canada

Present Av Beis Din Montreal Rav Binyomin Weiss, head of the city's Vaad Hair.

Moscow, Russia

Munich, Germany

  • Yitshak Ehrenberg (1989-1997)[4]
  • Pinchos Biberfeld, moved back to Germany from where he had emigrated to Israel over 50 years earlier. (1980–1999)

Netherlands - Inter-Provincial Chief rabbinate

New York City, United States

  • Jacob Joseph was the only true Ashkenazi chief rabbi of New York City; there was never a Sephardi chief rabbi, although Dr. David DeSola Pool acted as a leader among the Sepharadim and was also respected as such. Others it has been said claimed the title of Chief Rabbi; eventually, the title became worthless through dilution.
  • Yosef Yitzchok Parnes, the Brooklyner Rebbe, was also considered as such, arriving in Borough Park, Brooklyn in approximately 1913; due to the many non-observant Jews then working for the local utility companies, he did not use any electricity on the Sabbath. Many religious Jews in America in the early 1900s were his adherents.
  • Jacob S. Kassin was the Chief Rabbi of the Syrian Jewish community of New York 1930–1995.

Nové Zámky, Slovakia

Rome, Italy

Rotterdam, Netherlands

Sofia, Bulgaria

St. Louis, Missouri

Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Great Synagogue

Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Israel

Sephardi

Toronto, Canada

Vienna, Austria

Warsaw, Poland

References

  1. ^ Cameron Brown. "Rabbi Ovadia Yosef And His Culture War In Israel". Meria.idc.ac.il. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
  2. ^ Jerusalem Post, 8 December 2010
  3. ^ "Jewish Travel Advisor". Jewish Travel Advisor. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
  4. ^ {{cite book|title=Yerushaseinu 5771|url=http://http://pelorous.totallyplc.com/media_manager/public/76/Early%20Years%20of%20London%20-%20You%20and%20US.pdf
  5. ^ {{cite book|title=Yerushaseinu 5771|url=http://http://pelorous.totallyplc.com/media_manager/public/76/Early%20Years%20of%20London%20-%20You%20and%20US.pdf
  6. ^ {{cite book|title=Yerushaseinu 5771|url=http://http://pelorous.totallyplc.com/media_manager/public/76/Early%20Years%20of%20London%20-%20You%20and%20US.pdf
  7. ^ Rabbis of Chilean Masorti Forum meet with Mr. Zeev Bielsky Masorti World
  8. ^ The Virtual Jewish History Tour Cuba Jewish Virtual Library
  9. ^ The Jewish Traveler: Havana Hadassah Magazine
  10. ^ Elsebeth Paikin (2004-05-21). "Rabbis in Denmark - JewishGen Scandinavia SIG". Jewishgen.org. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
  11. ^ "Personality of the week: Issachar Berush Eskeles". Beit Hatefutsot.
  12. ^ "Weiss, Joseph Hirsch". JewishEncyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
  13. ^ "RootsWeb: WISE-L [WISE] Treasure found - autobiography of Stephen WISE". Archiver.rootsweb.com. 2001-04-28. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
  14. ^ [1][dead link]
  15. ^ "CHIEF RABBI SALANT DIES IN JERUSALEM; Head of the Ashkanezic Congregationalists Was an Eminent Talmudist. A FRIEND OF MONTEFIORE Collected Donations for the Building of New Synagogue Bet Ya'akob -- Favorite of His People". The New York Times. 1909-08-17. Retrieved 2010-04-28.
  16. ^ "MOORISH JEWS GRATEFUL.; Chief Rabbi Thanks Us for Our Action at Algeciras Conference". The New York Times. 10 June 1906.
  17. ^ "Ukraine's Second Chief Rabbi?". NCSJ. 2003-09-15. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
  18. ^ "Ukrainian community split over chief rabbi - Jewish News of Greater Phoenix". Jewishaz.com. 2005-10-28. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
  19. ^ Sarna, Jonathan (2004). American Judaism: A History. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 105. ISBN 0-300-10976-8. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  20. ^ a b Bleich, J.D. (1989). Contemporary Halakhic Problems; Volume 16. KTAV Publishing House. pp. 63–4. ISBN 9780881253153.
  21. ^ Title page of Malki Ba-Kodesh, vol. 2; Hoboken, 1921
  22. ^ a b "Bnei Brak rabbi named to new beit din post". Web.archive.org. 2006-04-27. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
  23. ^ "Frum Jewish News". The Yeshiva World. 2006-11-30. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
  24. ^ "Grand Rabbinat du Québec". Rabbinat.qc.ca. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h Jacobs, Joseph; Slijper, E. "Netherlands". [[The Jewish Encyclopedia]]. The names of the chief rabbis of Rotterdam are: Judah Salomon (1682); Solomon Ezekiel (1725-35; his salary was 305 gulden); Judah Ezekiel, son of the preceding (1738-55); Abraham Judah Ezekiel, son of the preceding (1755-79); Judah Akiba Eger (1779; left in 1781); Levie Hyman Breslau, author of "Pene Aryeh" (1781–1807); Elijah Casriel, from Leeuwarden (1815-33); E. J. Löwenstamm, grandson of L. H. Breslau (1834-45); Joseph Isaacson (1850-71; removed to Filehne as a result of dissensions in the community); B. Ritter (since 1884). {{cite book}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  26. ^ {{cite book|title=Jizkor Platenatlas p 37, 1978
  27. ^ Landman, Isaac (1941). The Universal Jewish encyclopedia. Vol. 5. ... and the chief rabbi of Rotterdam, Aryeh Leib Breslau (1781–1809)
  28. ^ Michman, Jozeph; Beem, Hartog; Michman, Dan (1999). Geschiedenis van de joodse gemeenschap in Nederland. p. 522. In 1885 werd rabbijn dr Bernard Löbel Ritter tot rabbijn van Rotterdam benoemd. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  29. ^ a b c Michman, Jozeph; Beem, Hartog; Michman, Dan (1999). Geschiedenis van de joodse gemeenschap in Nederland. p. 526. Na het ontslag van Ritter in 1928 werd het twee jaar lang waargenomen door de opperrabbijn van Zwolle, Simon JS Hirsch. In 1930 vond de joodse gemeente opperrabbijn Aaron Jissachar (ABN) Davids (1895–1944) van Friesland bereid naar Rotterdam te komen. Hij werd nog datzelfde jaar benoemd. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  30. ^ a b c d e f Michman, Jozeph; Beem, Hartog; Michman, Dan (1999). Geschiedenis van de joodse gemeenschap in Nederland. p. 531. Het opperrabinaat werd in de naoorlogse periode waargenomen door de opperrabbijn van Amsterdam Justus Tal (van 1945 tot '54) en vervolgens door chacham SA Rodrigues Pereira (van 1954 tot '59). Vanaf 1946 had rabbijn Levie Vorst (1903-'87) de dagelijkse leiding van de gemeente. Direct na het afleggen van het hoogste rabbinale examen werd hij benoemd tot opperrabijn, hetgeen hij bleef aan tot zijn immigratie naar Israël in 1971. Hij werd opgevolgd door Daniël Kahn (van 1972 tot '75) en Albert Hutterer (van 1975 tot '77). Na diens vertrek heeft Rotterdam het een tijd zonder rabbijn gesteld. Van 1986 tot '88 was Dov Salzmann rabbijn. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  31. ^ Wednesday, January 12, 2011 12:45 pm (2011-01-12). "Rebbetzin Paula Rivkin remembered as 'woman of valor' - St. Louis Jewish Light: Local News - Rebbetzin Paula Rivkin remembered as 'woman of valor': Local News". Stljewishlight.com. Retrieved 2011-11-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  32. ^ a b Sydney's new Chief Rabbi, David Rutledge, ABC "Religion Report", ABC Online, 1 June 2005, accessed 5 April 2010

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&oldid=465555821"