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Coordinates: 37°36′48″N 122°21′52″W / 37.61333°N 122.36444°W / 37.61333; -122.36444
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==Aircraft==
==Aircraft==
The Boeing 777-200ER, registration number HL7742,<ref name="flaware" /> was delivered to Asiana Airlines in March 2006.<ref name="Planespotters">{{cite web|title=HL7742 Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-28E(ER) - cn 29171 / ln 553|url=http://www.planespotters.net/Production_List/Boeing/777/29171,HL7742-Asiana-Airlines.php|work=Planespotters.net|accessdate=July 6, 2013}}</ref><ref name="SkyNews">{{cite web|title=Asiana Plane Crash Lands: 'No Engine Problems'|url=http://news.sky.com/story/1112466/asiana-plane-crash-lands-no-engine-problems|work=Sky News|accessdate=July 7, 2013}}</ref> Powered by two [[Pratt & Whitney]] [[Pratt & Whitney PW4000 | PW4090 engines]],<ref name="YoutubeNTSB070713" /><ref name="Hartford">{{cite web|last=Stagis|first=Julie|title=Pratt & Whitney Engines Powered Asiana Airlines Plane|url=http://www.courant.com/news/breaking/hc-san-francisco-plane-pratt-0707-20130706,0,5657768.story|work=Hartford Courant|accessdate=July 7, 2013}}</ref> the airframe had about 36,000 flight hours and 5,000 cycles (one takeoff-and-landing set).<ref name="YoutubeNTSB070713" />
The Boeing 777-200ER, registration number HL7742,<ref name="flaware" /> was delivered to Asiana Airlines in March 2006.<ref name="Planespotters">{{cite web|title=HL7742 Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-28E(ER) - cn 29171 / ln 553|url=http://www.planespotters.net/Production_List/Boeing/777/29171,HL7742-Asiana-Airlines.php|work=Planespotters.net|accessdate=July 6, 2013}}</ref><ref name="SkyNews">{{cite web|title=Asiana Plane Crash Lands: 'No Engine Problems'|url=http://news.sky.com/story/1112466/asiana-plane-crash-lands-no-engine-problems|work=Sky News|accessdate=July 7, 2013}}</ref> Powered by two [[Pratt & Whitney]] [[Pratt & Whitney PW4000 | PW4090 engines]],<ref name="YoutubeNTSB070713" /><ref name="Hartford">{{cite web|last=Stagis|first=Julie|title=Pratt & Whitney Engines Powered Asiana Airlines Plane|url=http://www.courant.com/news/breaking/hc-san-francisco-plane-pratt-0707-20130706,0,5657768.story|work=Hartford Courant|accessdate=July 7, 2013}}</ref> the airframe had about 36,000 flight hours and 5,000 cycles (one takeoff-and-landing set).<ref name="YoutubeNTSB070713" />

The Boeing 777's safety record is among the best of its type.<ref name="Mercury stellar reputation">[http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_23611688/boeing-777-has-sterling-reputation-among-pilots Boeing 777 that crashed in SFO has a stellar reputation among pilots]</ref>


==Crash==
==Crash==

Revision as of 16:13, 9 July 2013

Asiana Airlines Flight 214
The aircraft after the crash
Accident
DateJuly 6, 2013
SummaryUnder investigation
SiteSan Francisco International Airport
37°36′48″N 122°21′52″W / 37.61333°N 122.36444°W / 37.61333; -122.36444
Aircraft
Aircraft typeBoeing 777-200ER
OperatorAsiana Airlines
RegistrationHL7742
Flight originIncheon International Airport
DestinationSan Francisco International Airport
Passengers291
Crew16
Fatalities2[1][2]
Injuries182, at least 5 critical[3]
Survivors305

Asiana Airlines Flight 214 was a scheduled transpacific passenger flight from Incheon International Airport, South Korea, that crash-landed at its destination, San Francisco International Airport, United States, on July 6, 2013. Of the 307 people (291 passengers and 16 crew) aboard the Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-200ER, two passengers died and 182 were injured.[4]

It was the second crash (and the first fatal one) of a Boeing 777 since its operational debut in 1995.[5]

Aircraft

The Boeing 777-200ER, registration number HL7742,[6] was delivered to Asiana Airlines in March 2006.[7][8] Powered by two Pratt & Whitney PW4090 engines,[9][10] the airframe had about 36,000 flight hours and 5,000 cycles (one takeoff-and-landing set).[9]

Crash

HL7742, the aircraft involved in the accident, in July 2011

On July 6, 2013, Flight 214 took off from Incheon International Airport (ICN) outside Seoul at 5:04 p.m. KST (08:04 UTC), 34 minutes after its scheduled departure time. It was scheduled to land at San Francisco International Airport (SFO) at 11:04 a.m. PDT (18:04 UTC).[11]

At 11:26 a.m. PDT (18:26 UTC), HL7742[6] crashed at San Francisco International Airport upon landing, short of runway 28L's threshold, striking the seawall that projects into San Francisco Bay.[12][13][14] The entire crash was captured on video by an onlooker.[15][16]

Approximate location of the wreckage[17][18]
 Runway 28L 
 Runway 28L 
 Engine 
 Engine 
 Fuselage   and engine 

 Fuselage 
 and engine 
 Landing gear 
 Landing gear 
 Tail 

 Tail 
Approximate location of the wreckage[17][18]

Both engines and the tail section behind the aft pressure bulkhead became separated from the aircraft.[19] The vertical and both horizontal stabilizers came to rest on the runway before the threshold, while the remainder of the fuselage and wings, after spinning in the air, stopped to the left of the runway about 2,000 feet (610 m) from the seawall.[17] Eyewitnesses described a large brief fireball upon the aircraft landing, and a second large explosion minutes after the impact, with a large, dark plume of smoke rising from the fuselage. Evacuation slides were deployed on one side of the plane, and were used to evacuate the aircraft,[19][20] and, despite damage to the aircraft, "many ... were able to walk away on their own".[21]

The instrument landing system vertical guidance on runway 28L had been scheduled to be out of service beginning June 1, and a Notice To Airmen (NOTAM) to that effect had been issued.[22] Arrivals were visual approaches,[9] assisted by a Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI), which was destroyed by debris from the impact. The weather at the time of the accident was Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC).[23]

This was the third fatal crash in Asiana's 25-year history.[24] It was the first fatal crash of a Boeing 777.[5][25] It was also the first fatal passenger airliner crash in the United States since the Colgan Air Flight 3407 crash in 2009[26] and the first fatal widebody passenger aircraft crash on American soil since American Airlines Flight 587 in 2001. The crash was the third hull loss of a Boeing 777 and the second of them to crash while on approach to landing after British Airways Flight 38 in 2008.

Passengers and crew

Passengers and crew[27]
Nationality Passengers Crew Total
 China 141 0 141
 South Korea 77 14 91
 United States 61 0 61
 India 3 0 3
 Canada 3 0 3
 Thailand 0 2 2
 Vietnam 1 0 1
 France 1 0 1
 Japan 1 0 1
 Others 3 0 3
 Total 291 16 307

There was a crew of four pilots aboard, alternating in pairs, consisting of three captains and one first officer. Among the captains was one who was qualified as a check pilot.[28] The cockpit crew at the time of the accident were Captain Lee Kang-kook (Korean: 이강국; Hanja: 李江鞠), who had 9,793 flying hours, with 43 in the 777,[29] and Captain Lee Jeong-min (Korean: 이정민; Hanja: 李鄭閔), who had 12,387 hours of flying experience (at the time of the incident) and 3,220 with the 777.[30] This was Lee Kang-kook's first landing at San Francisco in this aircraft type, although he was an experienced pilot and had previously landed there in other aircraft including the Boeing 747. It was his ninth training flight in that model of aircraft.[31][32][33]

San Francisco Fire Department Chief Joanne Hayes-White confirmed that there were two deaths;[34] both were 16-year-old female Chinese passport holders[2][35] with both bodies found outside the aircraft.[3] Five people were in critical condition.[3] Nine hospitals in the area accepted a total of 182 injured.[1] Hayes-White told a subsequent press conference that all persons had been accounted for after reconciliation of two intake points at the airport,[36] although an earlier report said that 60 persons were unaccounted for.[1]

Seventy students and teachers traveling to the United States for summer camp were among the Chinese passengers. Thirty of the students and teachers were from Shanxi, and the others were from Zhejiang.[26] Five of the teachers and 29 of the students were from Jiangshan High School in Zhejiang traveling together in one group.[37] 35 of the students were to attend a West Valley Christian School summer camp. The Shanxi students originated from the city of Taiyuan.[38]

One teacher received minor injuries, and the two deceased passengers were from the West Valley camp group.[26][38]

Smoke rising from the wreckage, as seen from Southwest Airlines gates

Testimony

Several passengers recalled noticing the plane's unusual proximity to the Bay on final approach, which caused water to thrust upward as the engines were powered up in the final moments before impact.[39][26][40][41]

Upon impact, oxygen masks were said to have deployed immediately. After the aircraft came to rest, there were reports of electrical sparking inside the cabin.

In the initial moments after the crash, the cockpit crew told flight attendants to hold off evacuating the aircraft, then, when the evacuation order was given, the crew began rapidly evacuating passengers. The crew also helped several passengers who were unable to escape on their own; a pilot carried out one passenger with an injured leg.[42]

One flight attendant said many of the Chinese passengers who sat near the third exit of the plane could not initially understand the evacuation instructions due to a language barrier.[42]

Partway through the evacuation, a fire erupted in the cabin near the 10th row; a co-pilot extinguished it.[42]

Two of the inflatable chutes expanded into the cabin rather than out onto the tarmac. The first chute, which blocked the forward right exit, nearly suffocated a flight attendant and was deflated by a pilot with a crash ax from the cockpit. The second expanded toward the center of the aircraft near the fire. It pinned a second flight attendant until a co-pilot deflated it with a dinner knife.[42]

Some passengers sitting at the rear of the aircraft escaped through the hole left by the missing tail section.[43]

Investigation

The flight data recorder (left) and cockpit voice recorder (right) recovered from the aircraft

The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has begun an investigation and sent a crew to the scene.[1] On July 7, 2013, NTSB investigators recovered the flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder and transported them to Washington, D.C., for analysis.[44] Additional parties to the investigation include the Federal Aviation Administration, Boeing, Pratt & Whitney, and the Korean Aviation and Railway Accident Investigation Board (ARAIB). ARAIB's technical advisor is Asiana Airlines.[28]

According to the NTSB, the weather was fair and the aircraft was cleared for a visual approach. There is no indication yet of any problem, mechanical or otherwise, with no distress calls or other problem reports during the flight.[28][39]

Preliminary indications suggest the plane came in too short and hit the seawall as it attempted to land.[19] The NTSB said it appeared that the pilots were flying too slowly on final approach; however, preliminary review of FAA radar return data did not show an abnormally steep descent curve.[28][45] Preliminary data from the FDR indicated that the plane had a final approach speed significantly below its target of 137 knots (254 km/h; 158 mph). At an elevation of about 125 feet, 8 seconds before impact, the airspeed had dropped to 112 knots. About 7 seconds before impact, one of the pilots called for an increase in speed.[9][46] The FDR showed that throttles were advanced at about this time as well.[28] The sound of the stick shaker (warning of imminent stall) could be heard about 4 seconds before impact on the cockpit voice recorder.[9] Airspeed reached a minimum speed of 103 knots (34 knots below the target speed) 3 seconds before impact, with engines at 50% power and increasing.[28] The crew called for a go-around 1.5 seconds before impact.[9] At impact, the aircraft speed had increased to 106 knots.[28][47]

The coroner of San Mateo County, Robert Foucrault, is conducting autopsies on the deceased.[48][49] He and a fire department spokesperson have said that one of the two girls may have survived the crash and then was struck by a fire truck.[26][48]

Boeing sent a technical team to assist the NTSB in its investigation.[50]

Aftermath

The airport was closed for about five hours after the crash.[12][19][20] Flights headed for San Francisco were diverted to the other major airports in the San Francisco Bay Area, or to Sacramento, Los Angeles or Seattle.[51] By 3:30 p.m. PDT (22:30 UTC), runways 01L/19R and 01R/19L were reopened; the runway of the accident (10R/28L) and the one in parallel to it (10L/28R) remained closed.[12][20] About 24 hours later, the parallel runway (10L/28R) was reopened.[52]

Asiana is flying in the families of the victims to San Francisco for free.[53]

Asiana continues to operate its Seoul–San Francisco route as Flight 214.[11]

The crash damaged Asiana's reputation[54][55][56] and that of South Korea's aviation industry, following years of apparent improvements.[57] Asiana shares fell on the first day of trading after the crash.[58] The Wall Street Journal believes the crash could hurt Asiana's business plans in China.[58] While insurance payouts and damage to Asiana's reputation could hurt the airline, AFP believes the financial effects will be limited.[55]

Chinese citizens,[59] the West Valley Christian school,[60] and Boeing[61] mourned the loss of the two students.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Welch, William; Swartz, Jon M.; Strauss, Gary (July 6, 2013). "2 confirmed dead in San Francisco Airport crash". USA Today. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  2. ^ a b "Asiana Crisis Management System". Asiana Airlines. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  3. ^ a b c Botelho, Greg (July 7, 2013). "2 die, 305 survive after airliner crashes, burns at San Francisco airport". CNN. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  4. ^ "SF Fire Probes Whether Truck Ran Over Asiana Crash Victim". Nbcbayarea.com. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  5. ^ a b Kim, Jack; Pomeroy, Robin (July 6, 2013). "Asiana plane carried 291 passengers, 16 crew: airline". Reuters. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  6. ^ a b "Asiana 777 (AAR214) crashes upon landing at SFO". FlightAware. July 6, 2013. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  7. ^ "HL7742 Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-28E(ER) - cn 29171 / ln 553". Planespotters.net. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  8. ^ "Asiana Plane Crash Lands: 'No Engine Problems'". Sky News. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  9. ^ a b c d e f "Chairman Hersman's briefs media on Asiana flight 214, July 7, 2013 (NTSB press briefing on July 7, 2013)". NTSB. Youtube. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  10. ^ Stagis, Julie. "Pratt & Whitney Engines Powered Asiana Airlines Plane". Hartford Courant. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  11. ^ a b "HL-7742 ✈ 06-Jul-2013 ✈ RKSI / ICN - KSFO ✈ FlightAware". Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  12. ^ a b c Hradecky, Simon (July 7, 2013). "Accident: Asiana B772 at San Francisco on Jul 6th 2013, touched down short of the runway, broke up and burst into flames". The Aviation Herald. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  13. ^ Arkin, Daniel (July 6, 2013). "Boeing 777 crashes while landing at San Francisco airport". NBC News. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  14. ^ Somaiya, Ravi (July 6, 2013). "Plane Crashes on Landing in San Francisco". The New York Times. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  15. ^ Smith, Matt; Hall, Lindy (July 8, 2013). "'Oh, Lord have mercy': Witness captures fatal jet crash". CNN. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  16. ^ Fred Hayes. Man catches plane crash on camera (YouTube). CNN. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  17. ^ a b "Where Asiana Flight 214 Came to Rest". The New York Times. July 6, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  18. ^ "San Francisco crash Boeing 'tried to abort landing'". BBC News. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  19. ^ a b c d "Boeing 777 plane crash-lands at San Francisco airport". BBC News. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  20. ^ a b c Botelho, Greg; Ahlers, Mike M. (July 6, 2013). "Airline's Boeing 777 crash lands at San Francisco International Airport". CNN. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  21. ^ Onishi, Norimitsu; Somaiya, Ravi (July 7, 2013). "Victims of Plane Crash are Identified as Two Chinese Students". The New York Times. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  22. ^ "KSFO San Francisco Intl". PilotWeb. Federal Aviation Administration. Archived from the original on July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013. 06/005 SFO navigation instrument landing system Runway 28L glide path out of service with effect from or effective from 1306011400-1308222359
  23. ^ "Weather at incident time (METAR)". EU: Navlost. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  24. ^ "Asiana jet crash further tarnishes Korean carrier's safety record". Reuters. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  25. ^ "Press Release for Incident Involving Asiana Flight OZ 214 - July 7, 2013" (Press release). Asiana Airlines. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  26. ^ a b c d e "Two dead in Asiana plane crash are Chinese citizens, identified as teenage girls". South China Morning Post. Reuters. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  27. ^ "Victims of Plane Crash Are Identified as 2 Chinese Students". The New York Times. July 7, 2013.
  28. ^ a b c d e f g https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d9MTLlzf8Co. NTSB briefing on July 8, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  29. ^ "Pilot was at his first landing with a B777". PlaneCrashes.org. July 8, 2013.
  30. ^ "Asiana Airlines crash: The pilots". ITV. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  31. ^ "Asiana Airlines Crash: Pilot Was in 9th Training Flight for Boeing 777". ABC News. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  32. ^ "NTSB: Pilots attempted to abort landing 1.5 seconds before impact". CNN. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  33. ^ "Asiana Says Pilot of Crashed Plane Was in Training". New York Times. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  34. ^ "The 2 victims were heading for a camp". Planecrashes.org. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  35. ^ "Asiana Airlines Crash: At a glance". CNN. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  36. ^ "Two dead, dozens injured in Boeing 777 crash". Oakland, CA: KTVU-TV. July 6, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  37. ^ Yang, Sunny (July 7, 2013). "Asiana crash deaths ID'd as 2 Chinese teens". USA Today. The Associated Press. Retrieved July 7, 2013. A teacher told Chinese television that there were 34 people traveling in the Jiangshan Middle School group — five teachers and 29 students
  38. ^ a b Hunt, Katie. "Girls killed in crash were headed for camp." CNN. July 7, 2013. Retrieved on July 8, 2013.
  39. ^ a b "Terror on Jet: Seeing Water, Not Runway". New York Times. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  40. ^ William M. Welch, Chris Woodyard, Doug Stanglin, ed. (July 8, 2013). "NTSB: Jet was traveling below target speed before crash". USA Today. Retrieved July 8, 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  41. ^ "Pilot was flying a 777 into San Francisco for first time". CBS Interactive. July 8, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  42. ^ a b c d Victoria Kim (July 8, 2013). "Asiana flight attendant, last person off jet, describes ordeal". Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  43. ^ Jason Dearen, Joan Lowy, ed. (July 7, 2013) [July 6, 2013]. "Officials probe why crashed SF jet flew too slow". Seattle Times. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  44. ^ Yoon, Julie; Bruton, F. Brinley; DeLuca, Matthew (July 7, 2013). "NTSB: Officials recover black boxes from San Francisco crash site". NBC News. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  45. ^ Bowens, Dan (July 7, 2013). "NTSB: Asiana flight flew too slow before crash". MyFox New York. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  46. ^ "San Francisco crash Boeing 'tried to abort landing'". BBC News. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  47. ^ Chappell, Bill (July 8, 2013). "Asiana Crash: Plane Was 34 Knots Below Target Speed, NTSB Says". NPR. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  48. ^ a b Hurd, Cheryl; Dwyer, Diane (July 7, 2013). "Fire Truck May Have Run Over Asiana Plane Crash Victim". NBC Bay Area. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  49. ^ "CBS/AP/ July 7, 2013, 8:21 PM Coroner: Officials probing if rescuers ran over San Francisco plane crash victim". CBS News. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  50. ^ Twitter / BoeingAirplanes: A Boeing technical team is
  51. ^ "Plane crash at San Francisco airport, 2 dead". CBS News. Associated Press. July 6, 2013. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  52. ^ Nelson, Laura J; Romney, Lee (July 7, 2013). "Third of four runways reopens at SFO, officials say". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  53. ^ Asiana Airlines flying in victims' families from overseas | www.ktvu.com
  54. ^ {{broken ref |prefix=Cite error: The named reference {
    Unexpected use of template {{1}} - see Template:1 for details. (see the help page).
  55. ^ a b AFP: Crash 'mars Asiana's image' after years of efforts
  56. ^ Asiana Airlines shares tumble after San Francisco crash - Jul. 7, 2013
  57. ^ Asiana President Says Pilot Was in Training CHOE SANG-HUN, July 8, 2013
  58. ^ a b Asiana Airlines Shares Tumble After Plane Crash - WSJ.com
  59. ^ Chinese mourn Asiana jet crash deaths Carol Huang, AFP, Posted at 07/08/2013 1:15 AM | Updated as of 07/08/2013 1:15 AM
  60. ^ Christian school mourn teen plane crash victims
  61. ^ Twitter / BoeingAirplanes: We extend our deepest condolences

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