Barlas: Difference between revisions
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Nawabmalhi (talk | contribs) Reverted to revision 622943589 by Nawabmalhi: The resolution was not to write all Barlas as persianized in general but to be specific and can be found in The dispute resolution archives. (TW) |
Undid revision 623229312 by Nawabmalhi You were told not to use these type of dubious sources - and you are trying to again mislead - I have a copy of the entire sequence of events and will ask for you banning next |
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The '''Barlas''' ([[Chagatay language|Chagatay]]/{{lang-fa|برلاس}} ''Barlās''; also ''Berlas''; [[Mongolian language|Mongolian]]: Barlas) were a [[Turco-Mongol]]<ref name="Manz">B.F. Manz, ''The rise and rule of Tamerlan'', [[Cambridge University|Cambridge University Press]], Cambridge 1989, p. 28: ''"... We know definitely that the leading clan of the Barlas tribe traced its origin to Qarchar Barlas, head of one of Chaghadai's regiments ... These then were the most prominent members of the Ulus Chaghadai: the old Mongolian tribes — Barlas, Arlat, Soldus and Jalayir ..."''</ref><ref name="UNESCO">M.S. Asimov & [[Clifford Edmund Bosworth|C. E. Bosworth]], ''History of Civilizations of Central Asia'', [[UNESCO]] Regional Office, 1998, ISBN 92-3-103467-7, p. 320: ''"… One of his followers was […] Timur of the Barlas tribe. This Mongol tribe had settled […] in the valley of Kashka Darya, intermingling with the Turkish population, adopting their religion (Islam) and gradually giving up its own nomadic ways, like a number of other Mongol tribes in Transoxania …"''</ref> nomadic confederation in |
The '''Barlas''' ([[Chagatay language|Chagatay]]/{{lang-fa|برلاس}} ''Barlās''; also ''Berlas''; [[Mongolian language|Mongolian]]: Barlas) were a [[Turco-Mongol]]<ref name="Manz">B.F. Manz, ''The rise and rule of Tamerlan'', [[Cambridge University|Cambridge University Press]], Cambridge 1989, p. 28: ''"... We know definitely that the leading clan of the Barlas tribe traced its origin to Qarchar Barlas, head of one of Chaghadai's regiments ... These then were the most prominent members of the Ulus Chaghadai: the old Mongolian tribes — Barlas, Arlat, Soldus and Jalayir ..."''</ref><ref name="UNESCO">M.S. Asimov & [[Clifford Edmund Bosworth|C. E. Bosworth]], ''History of Civilizations of Central Asia'', [[UNESCO]] Regional Office, 1998, ISBN 92-3-103467-7, p. 320: ''"… One of his followers was […] Timur of the Barlas tribe. This Mongol tribe had settled […] in the valley of Kashka Darya, intermingling with the Turkish population, adopting their religion (Islam) and gradually giving up its own nomadic ways, like a number of other Mongol tribes in Transoxania …"''</ref> nomadic confederation in Central Asia.<ref>[[Encyclopædia Britannica]], "[http://search.eb.com/eb/article-7271 Timur]", Online Academic Edition, 2007. Quotation: "''Timur was a member of the Barlas tribe, a Mongol subgroup that had settled in Transoxania (now roughly corresponding to [[Uzbekistan]]) after taking part in Genghis Khan's son Chagatai's campaigns in that region. Timur thus grew up in what was known as the Chagatai khanate.''" ...</ref><ref>G.R. Garthwaite, ''"The Persians"'', Malden, ISBN 978-1-55786-860-2, MA: Blackwell Pub., 2007. ([http://books.google.de/books?id=RpiywbMvG5gC&pg=RA1-PA148&dq=Timur+Turkic+speaking&hl=tr&sig=9tWp001dj7GoDBdAjveeJclsQD8 p.148])</ref> Its most famous representatives were the [[Timurids]], a dynasty founded by the conqueror [[Timur]] (''Tamerlane'') in the 14th century, who ruled over modern-day Iran, Afghanistan, much of Central Asia, as well as parts of contemporary Pakistan, India, Mesopotamia, Anatolia and the Caucasus. |
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By Cynthia Stokes Brown]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=d_wI-Jbcdu4C&pg=PA77&dq=persianization+mongols&hl=en&sa=X&ei=uuXgU_nBMImbyASo4YHgBw&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=persianization%20mongols&f=false Landlord and Peasant in Persia: A Study of Land Tenure and Land Revenue Administration By Ann S. K. Lambton Pg.77]</ref>, many subsets of the Barlas such as the [[Mughals]] and [[Timurids]] were [[persianized]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=7PS6PrH3rtkC&pg=PA154&lpg=PA154&dq=persianized+timurids&source=bl&ots=RHdyy0tA9p&sig=xYKKRkbFpGdmbkm7fLw7eVPTlFQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=lt7gU9nkNYXp8QGgg4HwDw&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=persianized%20timurids&f=false Imperial Identity in Mughal Empire: Memory and Dynastic Politics in Early Modern Central Asia (Library of South Asian History and Culture) By Lisa Balabanlilar Pg.154]</ref> <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=QqryxbUEkbUC&pg=PA42&lpg=PA42&dq=persianization+timurids&source=bl&ots=-NkKcV3SXA&sig=9c4NnF-3sN5snNZ9si9TcduDLgk&hl=en&sa=X&ei=QuPgU7CIGcKNyASD-IHACQ&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=persianization%20timurids&f=false Timurids In Transition: Turko-Persian Politics & Acculturation In Medieval Iran Volume 7 By Maria E. Subtelny Pg.42]</ref> and made created elaborate [[Persianate]] [[Persianate society| Court Cultures]].<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=71LfAfvseeYC&pg=PA130&dq=persianate+timurids&hl=en&sa=X&ei=lAH9U-3GBsH-yQSOpoCgBw&ved=0CDoQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=persianate%20timurids&f=false Periods of World History: A Latin American Perspective By Charles A. Truxillo Pg.130]</ref> |
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== Origins == |
== Origins == |
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[[File:Timurid Dynasty 821 - 873 (AH).png|thumb|Map of the [[Timurid Empire]]]] |
[[File:Timurid Dynasty 821 - 873 (AH).png|thumb|Map of the [[Timurid Empire]]]] |
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{{main|Timurid dynasty|Mughal dynasty}} |
{{main|Timurid dynasty|Mughal dynasty}} |
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Its most famous representatives were the [[Timurids]], a dynasty founded by the conqueror [[Timur]] (''Tamerlane'') in the 14th century, who ruled over modern-day Iran, Afghanistan, much of Central Asia, as well as parts of contemporary Pakistan, India, Mesopotamia, Anatolia and the Caucasus. |
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The 14th century conqueror [[Timur]], the eponymous founder of the [[Timurid dynasty]], was born into a noble family of the Barlas clan.<ref>René Grousset, ''The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia'', Rutgers University Press, 1988. ISBN 0-81... ([http://books.google.de/books?id=CHzGvqRbV_IC&pg=PA409&dq=Barlas+Turkic&hl=tr&sig=Eenkx86afOfm0RKKnq4Y5fDggD8 p.409])</ref> One of his descendants, [[Babur|Zahir ud-Din Babur]], later founded the [[Mughal Empire]] of [[Central Asia]] and [[South Asia]]. At the height of their power in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, they controlled much of the Indian subcontinent, extending from Bengal in the east to Kabul & Sindh in the west, Kashmir in the north to the Kaveri basin in the south.[11] Its population at that time has been estimated as between 110 and 150 million, over a territory of more than 3.2 million square kilometres (1.2 million square miles). |
The 14th century conqueror [[Timur]], the eponymous founder of the [[Timurid dynasty]], was born into a noble family of the Barlas clan.<ref>René Grousset, ''The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia'', Rutgers University Press, 1988. ISBN 0-81... ([http://books.google.de/books?id=CHzGvqRbV_IC&pg=PA409&dq=Barlas+Turkic&hl=tr&sig=Eenkx86afOfm0RKKnq4Y5fDggD8 p.409])</ref> One of his descendants, [[Babur|Zahir ud-Din Babur]], later founded the [[Mughal Empire]] of [[Central Asia]] and [[South Asia]]. At the height of their power in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, they controlled much of the Indian subcontinent, extending from Bengal in the east to Kabul & Sindh in the west, Kashmir in the north to the Kaveri basin in the south.[11] Its population at that time has been estimated as between 110 and 150 million, over a territory of more than 3.2 million square kilometres (1.2 million square miles). |
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Revision as of 22:59, 28 August 2014
| برلاس | |
|---|---|
| Parent house | Borjigin |
| Country | Moghulistan, Persia, India, Pakistan, Uzbekistan |
| Founded | AD |
| Titles | Khan, Mirza, Baig, Shah, Sardar, Emir, Ghazi, Sultan |
| Estate(s) | Central Asia, Persia |
The Barlas (Chagatay/Persian: برلاس Barlās; also Berlas; Mongolian: Barlas) were a Turco-Mongol[1][2] nomadic confederation in Central Asia.[3][4] Its most famous representatives were the Timurids, a dynasty founded by the conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) in the 14th century, who ruled over modern-day Iran, Afghanistan, much of Central Asia, as well as parts of contemporary Pakistan, India, Mesopotamia, Anatolia and the Caucasus.
Origins
According to the Secret History of the Mongols, written during the reign of Ögedei Khan [r. 1229-1241], the Barlas shared ancestry with the Borjigin, the imperial clan of Genghis Khan and his successors, and other Mongol clans. The leading clan of the Barlas traced its origin to Qarchar Barlas,[1] head of one of Chagatai's regiments. Qarchar Barlas was a descendant of the legendary Mongol warlord Bodonchir (Bodon Achir; Bodon'ar Mungqaq), who was also considered a direct ancestor of Genghis Khan.[5]
Due to extensive contacts with the native population of Central Asia, the tribe had adopted the religion of Islam,[2] and the Chagatai language, a Turkic language of the Qarluq branch, which was heavily influenced by Arabic and Persian.[6]
Timurids and Mughals
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The 14th century conqueror Timur, the eponymous founder of the Timurid dynasty, was born into a noble family of the Barlas clan.[7] One of his descendants, Zahir ud-Din Babur, later founded the Mughal Empire of Central Asia and South Asia. At the height of their power in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, they controlled much of the Indian subcontinent, extending from Bengal in the east to Kabul & Sindh in the west, Kashmir in the north to the Kaveri basin in the south.[11] Its population at that time has been estimated as between 110 and 150 million, over a territory of more than 3.2 million square kilometres (1.2 million square miles).
See also
References
- ^ a b B.F. Manz, The rise and rule of Tamerlan, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1989, p. 28: "... We know definitely that the leading clan of the Barlas tribe traced its origin to Qarchar Barlas, head of one of Chaghadai's regiments ... These then were the most prominent members of the Ulus Chaghadai: the old Mongolian tribes — Barlas, Arlat, Soldus and Jalayir ..."
- ^ a b M.S. Asimov & C. E. Bosworth, History of Civilizations of Central Asia, UNESCO Regional Office, 1998, ISBN 92-3-103467-7, p. 320: "… One of his followers was […] Timur of the Barlas tribe. This Mongol tribe had settled […] in the valley of Kashka Darya, intermingling with the Turkish population, adopting their religion (Islam) and gradually giving up its own nomadic ways, like a number of other Mongol tribes in Transoxania …"
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica, "Timur", Online Academic Edition, 2007. Quotation: "Timur was a member of the Barlas tribe, a Mongol subgroup that had settled in Transoxania (now roughly corresponding to Uzbekistan) after taking part in Genghis Khan's son Chagatai's campaigns in that region. Timur thus grew up in what was known as the Chagatai khanate." ...
- ^ G.R. Garthwaite, "The Persians", Malden, ISBN 978-1-55786-860-2, MA: Blackwell Pub., 2007. (p.148)
- ^ The Secret History of the Mongols, transl. by I. De Rachewiltz, Chapter I.
- ^ G. Doerfer, "Chaghatay", in Encyclopædia Iranica, Online Edition 2007.
- ^ René Grousset, The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia, Rutgers University Press, 1988. ISBN 0-81... (p.409)