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Coordinates: 21°14′19″N 73°21′00″E / 21.23861°N 73.35000°E / 21.23861; 73.35000
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'''Kakrapar Atomic Power Station''' is a [[nuclear power]] station in [[India]], which lies in the proximity of the city of [[Vyara]] in the state of [[Gujarat]]. It consists of two 220&nbsp;MW [[pressurised water reactor]] with [[heavy water]] as moderator (PHWR). KAPS-1 went critical on 3&nbsp;September 1992 and began commercial electricity production a few months later on 6&nbsp;May 1993. KAPS-2 went critical on 8&nbsp;January 1995 and began commercial production on 1 September 1995. In January 2003, [[CANDU Owners Group]] (COG) declared KAPS as the best performing pressurised heavy water reactor.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kurian|first=Vinson|title=Indian N-reactors set new global benchmark|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/03/27/stories/2003032702500400.htm|newspaper= [[The Hindu Business Line]]|date=26 March 2003|accessdate=16 February 2017}}</ref>
'''Kakrapar Atomic Power Station''' is a [[nuclear power]] station in [[India]], which lies in the proximity of the city of [[Vyara]] in the state of [[Gujarat]]. It consists of two 220&nbsp;MW [[pressurised water reactor]] with [[heavy water]] as moderator (PHWR). KAPS-1 went critical on 3&nbsp;September 1992 and began commercial electricity production a few months later on 6&nbsp;May 1993. KAPS-2 went critical on 8&nbsp;January 1995 and began commercial production on 1 September 1995. In January 2003, [[CANDU Owners Group]] (COG) declared KAPS as the best performing pressurised heavy water reactor.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kurian|first=Vinson|title=Indian N-reactors set new global benchmark|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/03/27/stories/2003032702500400.htm|newspaper= [[The Hindu Business Line]]|date=26 March 2003|accessdate=16 February 2017}}</ref>

⚫
KAPS-2 was shut down after a coolant channel leak in July 2015 and a similar issue forced the shutdown of KAPS-1 in March 2016. After a replacement of coolant channels and feeder tubes, KAPS-2 attained criticality in September 2018. Maintenance on KAPS-1 is scheduled to be completed by March 2019.


The construction costs originally were estimated to be ₹ 382.52&nbsp;crore, the plant was finally finished at a price of ₹ 1,335&nbsp;crore. Construction of units 3 & 4 started in November 2010.<ref name="wnn-2211107"/>
The construction costs originally were estimated to be ₹ 382.52&nbsp;crore, the plant was finally finished at a price of ₹ 1,335&nbsp;crore. Construction of units 3 & 4 started in November 2010.<ref name="wnn-2211107"/>
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* 10 March 2004 the (at the time of) supply for the control rods were irreparably damaged during maintenance work. In response, poisons were added to the system and the reactor was shut off.
* 10 March 2004 the (at the time of) supply for the control rods were irreparably damaged during maintenance work. In response, poisons were added to the system and the reactor was shut off.
* On 22 August 2006 it was reported by village inhabitants the area around the power station had been penetrated. A search by the police did not result in any findings.
* On 22 August 2006 it was reported by village inhabitants the area around the power station had been penetrated. A search by the police did not result in any findings.
⚫
*KAPS-2 was shut down after a coolant channel leak on {{ly 2|15 and a simi}}.<ref name="toi-fully-operation">{{-1 in Ma|ch=016. After a replacement of coolant channels and feeder tubes, KAPS-2 attained criticality in September 2018. Maintenance on KAPS|1 is=cheduled to be completed by March 2019.
* On 11 March 2016, KAPS-1 automatically shut down due to a leak of heavy coolant water, leaving both reactors non-operational.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.aerb.gov.in/AERBPortal/pages/English/prsrel/p11032016.pdf |format= [[PDF]] |website= [[Atomic Energy Regulatory Board|aerb.gov.in]] |title= Shutdown of Unit-1 of KAPS Nuclear Power Plant following an incident leakage from Coolant System |first= S. |last= Harikumar |date= 2016-03-11 |accessdate= 2017-02-16}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/report/more-than-100-hours-later-kakrapar-nuclear-leak-not-fixed/20160316.htm|title=More than 100 hours later, Kakrapar nuclear leak not fixed|last=|first=|date=16 March 2016|work=|access-date=18 April 2016|via=Rediff.com}}</ref> The leak was plugged ten days later.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kakrapar Nuclear Reactors to Get New Coolant Channels |url=https://www.news18.com/news/tech/kakrapar-nuclear-reactors-to-get-new-coolant-channels-1343571.html |work=News18 |agency=Indo-Asian News Service |date=1 February 2017}}</ref> Corrosion and cracks were found on the coolant channel and similar corrosion spots were found in KAPS-2 which had been non-operational since July 2015 after a coolant channel leak.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fernandes |first1=Snehal |title=A year after KAPS-1 heavy water leak, corrosion spots found: AERB |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai-news/a-year-after-kaps-1-heavy-water-leak-corrosion-spots-found-aerb/story-BxighLbqEtAFSHcBu7QK3O.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=19 March 2017 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Balan |first1=Premal |title=Ahmedabad: No power from Kakrapar plant for at least a year |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/ahmedabad-no-power-from-kakrapar-plant-for-at-least-a-year/articleshow/57585243.cms |work=The Times of India |date=11 March 2017}}</ref> KAPS-2 attained criticality on 17 September 2018 after a replacement of its coolant channels and feeder tubes. A similar replacement in KAPS-1 is scheduled to be completed by March 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ray |first1=Kalyan |title=Kakrapar nuclear plant gets a new lease of life |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/kakrapar-nuclear-plant-lease-of-life-693197.html |work=Deccan Herald |date=18 September 2018 |language=en}}</ref>

The construction costs originally were estimated to|be ₹=382.52|nbsp;=rore, the plant wa|fina=ly f|nished=t a price of ₹ 1,3|5&nbsp;c=or|. Construct=on of unit|3 &=st|rted i=Nove}}</ref> Renovation and maintenance was completed in September 2018 and the unit has been operational since then. <ref name="toi-fully-operation" />
* On 11 March 2016, KAPS-1 automatically shut down due to a leak of heavy coolant water, leaving both reactors non-operational.<ref>{{eactors |o G=t New Coolant Channels {{!}}url=https://www.news18.com/news/tech/kakrapar-|uclear=reactors-|o-get-n=w-coolant-channels-1343571.html {{!}}work=News18 {{!}}ag|ncy=I=<nowiki>do-Asian News Service |date=1 February 2017}}</nowiki></ref> Corrosion and cracks were found on the coolant|chann=l an| sim=lar corrosi|n sp=ts were foun| in KAPS-2=which had b}}</ref> <ref>{{nal since|Jul= 2015 after a coolant channel leak.<ref><nowiki>{{cite news |last1=Fernandes |first1=Snehal |title=A year after</nowiki> |APS-1=heavy water leak, corrosion spots found: AERB {{!}}url=https:/|www.=|ndust=|time=.com/mumbai-n|ws/a=|ear-after-k=ps-1-heavy-wa|er-=eak-corros}}</ref> The leak was plugged ten days later.<ref>{{ml |work=H|ndust=<nowiki>n Times |date=19 March 2017 |language=en}}</nowiki></ref><ref>{|cit= news {{!}}last1=Balan {{!}}first1=Premal {{!}}title=Ahmedabad: No power from Kakrapar plant for at least a year||url=https:/|timeso=india.indiatimes.com/cit|/ahm=dabad/ahmedabad}}</ref> An investigation by the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board found corrosions in the walls and the coolant channels. Similar corrosion spots were found in KAPS-2 which had been non-operational since July 2015 after a coolant channel leak. <ref>{{of its co|9.<=<nowiki>ef>{{cite news |last1=Ray |first1=Kalyan |title=Kakrapar nuclear plant gets a new lease of life |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/ka</nowiki>|A sim=lar replacement in KAPS-1 is scheduled to be completed by March 20|lant=hannels an|feede=tubes.|ase-=f-life-693197.|rapa=-nuclear-plant-l|tml |wor==D}}</ref><ref>{{ate=18 Sep|ember=2018 {{!}}|anguag=<nowiki>=en}}</</nowiki>|ef>

== Units ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Unit !! Type !! Gross MW !| Co=struction start !! Operation start !! Notes
|-
|colspan="6" align="center"| Phase I
|-
| Kakrapar 1 || [[PHWR]] || 220 || 1 December 19|4 ||=6 May 1993
| <ref>{|cite=web {{!}} url= ht}}</ref> The AERB's investigation had further confirmed presence of a number of cracks in the walls of the coolant channel. The regulatory body ordered critical inspection of coolant channels in 80 operating nuclear power plants with PHWR to heck for corrosion spots and other defects.<ref name="toi-fully-operation" /> Renovation and modernization comprising 306 coolant channel replacements, feeder replacement and other safety upgrades were done on KAPS-1. The unity attained criticality on {{Date|May 19, 2019|}} and was synchronized with the grid on {{Date|May 24, 2019|}} at 06:44 IST. <ref name="toi-fully-operation" />


== Units ==
== Units ==
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== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[Nuclear power in India]]
* [[Nuclear power in India]]
* [[List of nuclear reactors#India]]
*[[List of nuclear reactors#India]]
{{Portal|India|Gujarat|Nuclear technology|Energy}}
{{Portal|India|Gujarat|Nuclear technology|Energy}}


Revision as of 13:18, 27 June 2019

Kakrapar Atomic Power Station
Map
CountryIndia
Coordinates21°14′19″N 73°21′00″E / 21.23861°N 73.35000°E / 21.23861; 73.35000
StatusKAPS-1 out of service for 8 years, 3 months
KAPS-2 operational
Construction began1984
Commission date6 May 1993
Operator(s)Nuclear Power Corporation of India
Nuclear power station
Reactor typePHWR
Power generation
Units operational2 × 220 MW
Units under const.2 × 700 MW
Nameplate capacity440 MW
Capacity factor96.5%
Annual net output3.72 TWh
External links
Websitewww.npcil.nic.in/main/ProjectOperationDisplay.aspx?ReactorID=86
CommonsRelated media on Commons
[edit on Wikidata]

Kakrapar Atomic Power Station is a nuclear power station in India, which lies in the proximity of the city of Vyara in the state of Gujarat. It consists of two 220 MW pressurised water reactor with heavy water as moderator (PHWR). KAPS-1 went critical on 3 September 1992 and began commercial electricity production a few months later on 6 May 1993. KAPS-2 went critical on 8 January 1995 and began commercial production on 1 September 1995. In January 2003, CANDU Owners Group (COG) declared KAPS as the best performing pressurised heavy water reactor.[1]

The construction costs originally were estimated to be ₹ 382.52 crore, the plant was finally finished at a price of ₹ 1,335 crore. Construction of units 3 & 4 started in November 2010.[2]

Incidents

  • 1998 KAPS-1 was switched off because of a leakage in the cooling loop for 66 days.
  • 10 March 2004 the (at the time of) supply for the control rods were irreparably damaged during maintenance work. In response, poisons were added to the system and the reactor was shut off.
  • On 22 August 2006 it was reported by village inhabitants the area around the power station had been penetrated. A search by the police did not result in any findings.
  • KAPS-2 was shut down after a coolant channel leak on Template:Ly 2.[3] Renovation and maintenance was completed in September 2018 and the unit has been operational since then. [3]
  • On 11 March 2016, KAPS-1 automatically shut down due to a leak of heavy coolant water, leaving both reactors non-operational.[4] Corrosion and cracks were found on the coolant|chann=l an| sim=lar corrosi|n sp=ts were foun| in KAPS-2=which had b}}</ref> Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page). The leak was plugged ten days later.[5][6] An investigation by the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board found corrosions in the walls and the coolant channels. Similar corrosion spots were found in KAPS-2 which had been non-operational since July 2015 after a coolant channel leak. [7]Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page). The AERB's investigation had further confirmed presence of a number of cracks in the walls of the coolant channel. The regulatory body ordered critical inspection of coolant channels in 80 operating nuclear power plants with PHWR to heck for corrosion spots and other defects.[3] Renovation and modernization comprising 306 coolant channel replacements, feeder replacement and other safety upgrades were done on KAPS-1. The unity attained criticality on 19 May 2019 and was synchronized with the grid on 24 May 2019 at 06:44 IST. [3]

Units

Unit Type Gross MW Construction start Operation start Notes
Phase I
Kakrapar 1 PHWR 220 1 December 1984 6 May 1993 [8]
Kakrapar 2 PHWR 220 1 April 1985 1 September 1995 [9]
Phase II
Kakrapar 3 PHWR 700 22 November 2010 2022[10][11] [2]
Kakrapar 4 PHWR 700 22 November 2010 2022[10] [2]

See also

References

  1. ^ Kurian, Vinson (26 March 2003). "Indian N-reactors set new global benchmark". The Hindu Business Line. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  2. ^ a b c "First concrete for Kakrapar 3 and 4". World Nuclear News. World Nuclear Association (WNA). 22 November 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
  3. ^ a b c d Template:-1 in Ma
  4. ^ {{eactors |o G=t New Coolant Channels |url=https://www.news18.com/news/tech/kakrapar-%7Cuclear=reactors-%7Co-get-n=w-coolant-channels-1343571.html |work=News18 |ag|ncy=I=do-Asian News Service |date=1 February 2017}}
  5. ^ {{[[Module:|#invoke:]]|function}}
  6. ^ Template:Of its co
  7. ^ "Nuclear Power Reactor Details - KAKRAPAR-1". Power Reactor Information System. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). 23 November 2010. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
  8. ^ "Nuclear Power Reactor Details - KAKRAPAR-2". PRIS. (IAEA). 23 November 2010. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
  9. ^ a b "Indian government takes steps to get nuclear back on track - World Nuclear News". www.world-nuclear-news.org. Retrieved 28 March 2019.
  10. ^ "India's first 700 MW nuclear reactor at Kakrapar to undergo trial run in 2017". The News Minute. 31 December 2016. Retrieved 18 October 2017.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kakrapar_Atomic_Power_Station&oldid=903710739"