Bengalis: Difference between revisions
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|poptime = 230,000,000 |
|poptime = 230,000,000 |
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|popplace = Majority populations in: [[Bangladesh]], [[India]] ([[West Bengal]]) |
|popplace = Majority populations in: [[Bangladesh]], [[India]] ([[West Bengal]]) |
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Significant populations in: [[Arunachal Pradesh]], [[Assam]], [[Manipur]], [[Meghalaya]], [[Mizoram]], [[Nagaland]], [[Orissa]], [[Tripura]] |
Significant populations in the following Indian states: [[Arunachal Pradesh]], [[Assam]], [[Manipur]], [[Meghalaya]], [[Mizoram]], [[Nagaland]], [[Orissa]], [[Tripura]] |
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Significant populations in: [[Malaysia]], [[Myanmar]], [[Pakistan]], [[United Kingdom]], [[Canada]], [[United States]], |
Significant populations in the following countries: [[Malaysia]], [[Myanmar]], [[Pakistan]], [[United Kingdom]], [[Canada]], [[United States]], |
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|langs = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |
|langs = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |
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|rels = [[Islam]], [[Hinduism]], [[Buddhism]], [[Christianity]] |
|rels = [[Islam]], [[Hinduism]], [[Buddhism]], [[Christianity]] |
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|related = [[Indo-European people|Indo-European]], [[Tibeto-Burman]], [[Proto-Australoid]], [[ |
|related = [[Indo-European people|Indo-European]], [[Indo-Iranians|Indo-Iranian]], [[Indo-Aryans|Indo-Aryan]], [[Austro-Asiatic languages|Austro-Asiatic]], [[Tibeto-Burman languages|Tibeto-Burman]], [[Proto-Australoid]], [[Assamese language|Assamese]], [[Bihari people|Bihari]], [[Dravidian people|Dravidian]], [[Oriya language|Oriya]], [[Tripuri]] | |
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The '''Bengali people''' are the ethnic community from [[Bengal]] (divided between [[India]] and [[Bangladesh]]) in [[Indian subcontinent]] with a history going back more than two millennia. They speak [[Bengali language|Bengali]] (বাংলা ''Bangla''), a language of the eastern branch of the [[Indo-European languages]]. In their native language, they are referred to as বাঙালী ''Bangali''. They are [[Indo-Aryans]] closely related to [[Oriya]] and [[ |
The '''Bengali people''' are the ethnic community from [[Bengal]] (divided between [[India]] and [[Bangladesh]]) in [[Indian subcontinent]] with a history going back more than two millennia. They speak [[Bengali language|Bengali]] (বাংলা ''Bangla''), a language of the eastern branch of the [[Indo-European languages]]. In their native language, they are referred to as বাঙালী ''Bangali''. They are [[Indo-Aryans]] closely related to the [[Oriya language|Oriya]], [[Assamese]], [[Bihari people|Biharis]], and other [[East India]]ns, though they are also related to the [[Munda people|Munda]], [[Proto-Australoid]], [[Tibeto-Burman languages|Tibeto-Burman]], [[Austro-Asiatic languages|Austro-Asiatic]] and [[Dravidian people|Dravidian]] peoples. As a result, Bengalis are a [[heterogeneous]] and considerably diverse ethnic group. They are mostly concentrated in [[Bangladesh]] and in the state of [[West Bengal]] in [[India]]. There are also a number of Bengali communities scattered in New Delhi and also in several states of India, such as [[Assam]], [[Jharkhand]], [[Bihar]], [[Maharastra]], [[Karnataka]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Orissa]],[[Tripura]] and the North-East Indian states, as well as in other countries including [[Pakistan]], [[Malaysia]], [[Myanmar]], the [[Middle East]], [[UK]] and [[USA]]. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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{{main|History of Bengal}} |
{{main|History of Bengal|History of Bangladesh}} |
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===Early history=== |
===Early history=== |
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{{further|[[Anga]], [[Gangaridai]], [[Magadha]], [[Pundra Kingdom]], [[Suhma Kingdom]] and [[Vanga Kingdom]]}} |
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===Middle ages=== |
===Middle ages=== |
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{{see|Pala Empire}} |
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===Renaissance=== |
===Renaissance=== |
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===Independence Movement=== |
===Independence Movement=== |
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{{see|Indian Independence movement}} |
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Bengalis also played a notable part in the independence movement. Many of the early proponents of the freedom struggle were educated Bengalis such as Chittranjan Das and S.N.Bannerjee; subsequently others such as Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, Prafulla Chaki, Khudiram Bose and Rashbehari Bose were part of the more militant "extremists". |
Bengalis also played a notable part in the independence movement. Many of the early proponents of the freedom struggle were educated Bengalis such as Chittranjan Das and S.N.Bannerjee; subsequently others such as Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, Prafulla Chaki, Khudiram Bose and Rashbehari Bose were part of the more militant "extremists". |
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Among the muslims, A. K. Fazlul Huq and Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy were the most prominent Bengali leaders of British India's independence movement. |
Among the muslims, A. K. Fazlul Huq and Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy were the most prominent Bengali leaders of British India's independence movement. |
Revision as of 09:52, 7 December 2006
File:Bengalis.PNG | |
Regions with significant populations | |
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Majority populations in: Bangladesh, India (West Bengal)
Significant populations in the following Indian states: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Tripura Significant populations in the following countries: Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, United Kingdom, Canada, United States, | |
Languages | |
Bengali | |
Religion | |
Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity | |
Related ethnic groups | |
Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Austro-Asiatic, Tibeto-Burman, Proto-Australoid, Assamese, Bihari, Dravidian, Oriya, Tripuri |
The Bengali people are the ethnic community from Bengal (divided between India and Bangladesh) in Indian subcontinent with a history going back more than two millennia. They speak Bengali (বাংলা Bangla), a language of the eastern branch of the Indo-European languages. In their native language, they are referred to as বাঙালী Bangali. They are Indo-Aryans closely related to the Oriya, Assamese, Biharis, and other East Indians, though they are also related to the Munda, Proto-Australoid, Tibeto-Burman, Austro-Asiatic and Dravidian peoples. As a result, Bengalis are a heterogeneous and considerably diverse ethnic group. They are mostly concentrated in Bangladesh and in the state of West Bengal in India. There are also a number of Bengali communities scattered in New Delhi and also in several states of India, such as Assam, Jharkhand, Bihar, Maharastra, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa,Tripura and the North-East Indian states, as well as in other countries including Pakistan, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Middle East, UK and USA.
History
Early history
Middle ages
Renaissance
Independence Movement
Bengalis also played a notable part in the independence movement. Many of the early proponents of the freedom struggle were educated Bengalis such as Chittranjan Das and S.N.Bannerjee; subsequently others such as Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, Prafulla Chaki, Khudiram Bose and Rashbehari Bose were part of the more militant "extremists". Among the muslims, A. K. Fazlul Huq and Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy were the most prominent Bengali leaders of British India's independence movement.
Culture
The Bengalis are known for their artistic and cultural achievements. Noted Bengali authors, playwrights, music composers, painters and film-makers have played a significant role in the evolution and development of Indian artistic expression. The Bengal renaissance of the 19th century was brought about when the British introduced Western education and ideas. Among the various Indian cultures, the Bengalis were relatively quick to adapt to the British rule and actually use its principles (such as the judiciary and the legislature) in the subsequent political struggle for independence. The Bengali renaissance contained the seeds of a nascent Political Indian Nationalism and was the precursor in many ways to modern Indian artistic and cultural expression. The Bengali poet and novelist, Rabindranath Tagore became the first Nobel laureate from Asia when he won the 1913 Nobel Prize in Literature.