Born to Run

For the song, see Born to Run (song). For other uses, see Born to Run (disambiguation).

Untitled

Born to Run is the third album by the American rock singer-songwriter Bruce Springsteen. It was released on August 25, 1975 through Columbia Records. It captured the heaviness of Springsteen's earlier releases while displaying a more diverse range of influences.

Born to Run was a critical and commercial success and became Springsteen's breakthrough album. It peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 and reached high positions on charts worldwide. Two singles were released from the album: "Born to Run" and "Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out", the first helped Springsteen to reach mainstream popularity. The tracks "Thunder Road" and "Jungleland" became staples of album-oriented rock radio and Springsteen concert high points. The album has been placed on several "best ever" lists and is listed in the Library of Congress' National Recording Registry of historic recordings.

On November 14, 2005, a "30th Anniversary" remaster of the album was released as a box set including two DVDs: a production diary film and a concert movie. Being ranked number 18 on Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, it is probably his magnum opus, although Born in the U.S.A. also recieved lots of success.

History

Springsteen began work on the album after touring in support of its previous album, The Wild, the Innocent and the E Street Shuffle, released in 1973. Given an enormous budget in a last-ditch effort at a commercially viable record, Springsteen became bogged down in the recording process while striving for a wall of sound production. But, fed by the release of an early mix of "Born to Run" to progressive rock radio, anticipation built toward the album's release. All in all the album took more than 14 months to record, with six months alone spent on the song "Born To Run" itself. During this time Springsteen battled with anger and frustration over the album, saying he heard "sounds in [his] head" that he could not explain to the others in the studio. During the process, Springsteen brought in Jon Landau to help with production. This was the beginning of the breakup of Springsteen's relationship with producer and manager Mike Appel, after which Landau assumed both roles.

Once released, Born to Run was a breakthrough hit and catapulted his career from a northeast regional act to an acclaimed national and worldwide recording artist. This was his first album to feature pianist Roy Bittan and drummer Max Weinberg. Born to Run was released to overwhelming critical acclaim which swiftly spiralled into hype. While his previous two albums, Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J. and The Wild, the Innocent & the E Street Shuffle, received good reviews, popular success had been scarce; Born to Run cemented Springsteen's reputation among critics and established his first mainstream fanbase.

The album is noted for its use of introductions to set the tone of each song (all of the record was composed on piano, not guitar), and for the Phil Spector-like "Wall of Sound" arrangements and production. Indeed, Springsteen has said that he wanted "Born to Run" to sound like "Roy Orbison singing Bob Dylan, produced by Spector." Most of the tracks were first recorded with a core rhythm section band comprising Springsteen, Weinberg, Bittan, and bassist Garry Tallent, with other members' contributions then added on.

In terms of the original LP's sequencing, Springsteen eventually adopted a "four corners" approach, as the songs beginning each side ("Thunder Road", "Born to Run") were uplifting odes to escape, while the songs ending each side ("Backstreets", "Jungleland") were sad epics of loss, betrayal, and defeat (Originally, he had planned to begin and end the album with alternative versions of "Thunder Road".)

Also, original pressings have "Meeting Across the River" billed as "The Heist". The original album cover has the title printed in a graffiti style font. These copies are very rare and considered to be the "holy grail" for Springsteen collectors.

Release and reception

The album's release was accompanied by a $250,000 promotional campaign by Columbia directed at both consumers and the music industry, making good use of Landau's "I saw rock 'n' roll's future—and its name is Bruce Springsteen" quote. With much publicity, Born to Run vaulted into the top 10 in its second week on the charts and soon went Gold. Time and Newsweek magazines put Springsteen on the cover in the same week, and the question of hype became a story in itself as critics began wondering if Springsteen was for real or the product of record company promotion.

Upset with Columbia's promotion department, Springsteen said the decision to label him as the "future of rock was a very big mistake and I would like to strangle the guy who thought that up." When Springsteen arrived for his first UK concert at the Hammersmith Odeon, he personally tore down the "Finally the world is ready for Bruce Springsteen" posters in the lobby and ordered that the buttons with "I have seen the future of rock 'n' roll at the Hammersmith Odeon" printed on them not be given out. Now fearing the hype might backfire, Columbia suspended all press interviews with Springsteen.

When the hype died down, sales tapered off and the album was off the chart after 29 weeks. But the album had established a solid national fan base for Springsteen which he would build on with each subsequent release.

Born to Run continued to be a strong catalog seller through the years, re-entering the Billboard chart in late 1980 after The River was released, and again after the blockbuster success of Born in the U.S.A., spending most of 1985 on the chart. It was certified triple-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America in 1986, the first year in which pre-1976 releases were eligible for platinum and multi-platinum awards.

In 1987, Born to Run was ranked #8 on Rolling Stone's "Top 100 Albums of the Last Twenty Years" and in 2003, Rolling Stone's "500 Greatest Albums of All Time" ranked Born to Run at number 18. In 2001, the TV network VH1 named it the 27th-greatest album of all time, and in 2003, it was ranked as the most popular album in the first Zagat Survey Music Guide.

Born to Run is listed in the Library of Congress' National Recording Registry of historic recordings.

In December 2005, U.S. Representative Frank Pallone (who represents Asbury Park) and 21 co-sponsors sponsored H.Res. 628, "Congratulating Bruce Springsteen of New Jersey on the 30th anniversary of his masterpiece record album 'Born to Run', and commending him on a career that has touched the lives of millions of Americans." In general, resolutions honoring native sons are passed with a simple voice vote. This bill, however, was referred to the House Committee on Education and the Workforce and died there.

Album cover

File:Born2Add.jpg

Cover of the Sesame Street album Born to Add, one of many imitations of the Springsteen cover pose. The album features tracks by "Bruce Stringbean and the S. Street Band"

The cover art of Born to Run is one of rock music's most popular and iconic images. It was taken by Eric Meola, who shot 900 frames in his three hour session. These photos have been compiled in Born to Run: The Unseen Photos.

The photo shows Springsteen holding an electric guitar, a cross between a Fender Telecaster (body and pickups) and a Fender Esquire (neck), while leaning against saxophonist Clarence Clemons. After he plugged in an amp and started to play, he casually leaned on Clemons. That image became famous as the cover art. "Other things happened," says Meola, "but when we saw the contact sheets, that one just sort of popped. Instantly, we knew that was the shot." Ultra-thin lettering graced the mass produced version: an unusual touch then; a design classic since.

The Springsteen and Clemons cover pose has been imitated often, from Cheap Trick on the album Next Position Please, to Tom and Ray Magliozzi on the cover of the Car Talk compilation, Born Not to Run: More Disrespectful Car Songs, to Kevin & Kell on a Sunday strip entitled "Born to Migrate" featuring Kevin Dewclaw as Bruce with a carrot and Kell Dewclaw as Clarence with a pile of bones, to Bert and the Cookie Monster on the cover of the Sesame Street album, Born to Add.

Track listing

All songs written by Bruce Springsteen

Side one

1. "Thunder Road" – 4:49
2. "Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out" – 3:11
3. "Night" – 3:00
4. "Backstreets" – 6:30

Side two

1. "Born to Run" – 4:31
2. "She's the One" – 4:30
3. "Meeting Across the River" – 3:18
4. "Jungleland" – 9:36

30th Anniversary Edition

On November 14, 2005, Columbia Records released Born to Run 30th Anniversary Edition in box set form. The package included:

• a remastered CD version of the original album - the CD is all black (including playback side) with the label side replicating the original vinyl disc having four bands (the original LP had four tracks per side) and including a modified red Columbia label listing all 8 tracks
• the DVD Wings For Wheels, a lengthy documentary on the making of the album, which later won the 2007 Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video
  • with bonus film of three songs recorded live on May 1, 1973 at the Ahmanson Theater in Los Angeles
• the DVD Bruce Springsteen & The E Street Band Hammersmith Odeon, London '75, a full-length concert film recorded on November 18, 1975 at the Hammersmith Odeon in London during the brief European portion of their Born to Run tours.
  • this live recording was subsequently released as the CD Hammersmith Odeon London '75

Packages from retailer Best Buy also included:

• a CD single replica of the original "Born to Run" 45 single.

The box set debuted on the Billboard 200 album chart on December 3, 2005 at number 18 with sales of 53,206 copies. It spent 6 weeks on the chart.

Personnel

The E Street Band

• Roy Bittan – piano, Fender Rhodes, background vocals
• Ernest "Boom" Carter – drums on "Born to Run"
• Clarence Clemons – saxophones, tambourine, background vocals
• Danny Federici – organ, glockenspiel on "Born to Run"
• Suki Lahav – violin on "Jungleland"
• David Sancious – piano, organ on "Born to Run"
• Bruce Springsteen – vocals, guitars, harmonica, percussion, horn arrangements
• Garry W. Tallent – bass guitar
• Steven Van Zandt – horn arrangements on "Tenth Avenue Freeze Out"; background vocals on "Thunder Road"
• Max Weinberg – drums

Additional musicians

• Wayne Andre – trombone
• Mike Appel – background vocals
• Michael Brecker – tenor saxophone
• Randy Brecker – trumpet, flugelhorn
• Charles Calello – conductor, string arrangements
• Richard Davis – double bass
• David Sanborn – baritone saxophone

Production

• John Berg – album design
• Greg Calbi – mastering
• Andy Engel – album design
• Bob Ludwig – re-mastering
• Eric Meola – photography

Engineers

• Andy Abrams
• Angie Arcuri
• Ricky Delena
• Jimmy Iovine
• Louis Lahav
• Thom Panunzio
• Corky Stasiak
• David Thoener

Chart positions

Album

Year	Chart	Position	Notes
1975	US Record World	1 (1 week)	initial release
1975	US Billboard 200	3	initial release
1975	UK Album Chart	36
1985	US Billboard 200	101	re-entry at time of Born in the U.S.A.
1985	UK Album Chart	17
2005	US Billboard 200	18	Born to Run 30th Anniversary Edition

Singles

Year	Single	Chart	Position
1975	"Born to Run"	US Billboard Hot 100	23
1975	"Born to Run"	US Cash Box Top 100 Singles	17
1976	"Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out"	US Billboard Hot 100	83
1976	"Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out"	US Cash Box Top 100 Singles	63

External links

• Album lyrics and audio samples
• Collection of album reviews
• Born To Run Photographs