Talk:History of Slovakia

archaeological evidence

"The archeological evidence prove that to the north of the line mentioned above, not only did the older settlement structures survive, but also territorial-administration organisation led by native magnates" I think this statement needs some clarification. How can an archaeological research prove that older administrative structures survived? I am just curious. (Could you take a look at this Borsoka) Fakirbakir (talk) 19:03, 26 April 2015 (UTC)

For example, the archeological research can document continuity of the local administrative centers ruled by native magnates.--Ditinili (talk) 05:47, 27 April 2015 (UTC)

I think this is a common place in Slovakian historiography. For instance, Slovak archaeologists argue that the Hont and "Poznan" families were of local Slavic origin and survived the Hungarian conquest although all chronicles wrote that the same families were of German origin and came to Hungary in the late 10th century. Borsoka (talk) 02:43, 27 April 2015 (UTC)

Medieval chronicles are full of fictive persons and events, they were written with some purpose e.g. to legitimize a rule of some king, dynasty, etc. It is not something unusual if they contradict other available knownledge.--Ditinili (talk) 05:47, 27 April 2015 (UTC)

The "native" magnates' bones can hardy speak about their vernacular and "real" ethnicity. Also, archaeological evidences cannot prove the survival of former territorial-administrative organisations. They can locate an administrative centre, however are unable to identify the administrative structures and organizational changes. That statement above is just "wishful thinking". Fakirbakir (talk) 07:58, 27 April 2015 (UTC)

Theory that archeologists relies exclusively on some "bones" is not worth of comment. Additional discussion about "wishful thinking" could be interesting, however, we can close it as your personal opinion vs. properly sourced text from the recognized authors, from the trustworthy source, based on previous works of recognized experts like Alexander Ruttkay, who really did archeological research here, is a recognized expert on international level, etc. Ditinili (talk) 10:04, 27 April 2015 (UTC)

IMHO. I think making such a statement like this above speaks a lot about the author's (non-) professionalism. Archaeologists draw conclusions from findings (BONES, artefacts etc). What are the archaeological evidences for native (FYU "Slavic") magnates and survival of former territorial-administrative organisations? Fakirbakir (talk) 10:45, 27 April 2015 (UTC)

For example, a continous existence of the local power center and the lack of other military outposts in the same area can say a lot about local organisation. Further artifacts can answer the question of ethnicity, especially if they are not influenced yet by common multi-ethnic culture and "fashion trends". Fortunatelly, the author's (non-) professionalism can be evaluated based on his research results, international recognition, awards, etc and is completely independent on your opinion. Ditinili (talk) 12:32, 27 April 2015 (UTC)

Continuous existence doesn't mean that there were no changes in administrative structure.Fakirbakir (talk) 07:56, 28 April 2015 (UTC)

The article does not say that they were "no changes in administrative structure". This is obvious because the older administrative structure on higher-level depended on relationships within the Great Moravia. The article states that "to the north of the line mentioned above (...) territorial-administration organisation led by native magnates" survived (the statement matches the original source).--Ditinili (talk) 15:35, 28 April 2015 (UTC)

Alexander Ruttkay's role in the development of the theory of a surviving Slovak nobility cannot be denied. Slovak historian Lukačka writes, "The renowned historian Daniel Rapant fist suggested the existence of a local Slovak elite after the fall of Great Moravia some time ago. At first, his theory was basically a matter of intuition, as in the early 1950s he could not support his claim with any conrecte historical or archaeological evidence. It was only following systemtic investigation of the aristocratic mnaors at Ducové near Piest'any, and later also at Nitriansa Blatnica, by Alexander Ruttkay in the 1970s that Rapant' hypothesis was unambigouosly confirmed." (Lukačka, Ján (2011). "The beginnings of the nobility in Slovakia". In Teich, Mikuláš; Kováč, Dušan; Brown, Martin D. Slovakia in History. Cambridge University Press. pp. 30–37. ISBN 978-0-521-80253-6. page 31.). Actually, the above issue is not connected to bones (as far as I remember, no magnates' bones were unearthed), but to the dating of earthworks, which were erected (in many cases in the Bronze Age), later abandoned, and reoccupied, and abandoned again... Slovak historians tend to propose that those earthworks (for instance, at Zemplén) were held in the 10th century by local Slavic lords who survived the Hungarian conquest. The same Slovak historians identify the (allegedly) surviving Slavic lords with knights mentioned in the medival Hungarian chronicles, saying that the same Hungarian chronicles were wrong when stating that those knights were of German, Hungarian, etc. origin. All the same, as far as I remember, the names of some Hungarian chieftains who plundered Europe was of Slavic origin, proving that local chieftains joined the Hungarians, similarly to the local lords who joined the Northmen in Britain, Normandy, Southern Italy, .... Borsoka (talk) 17:01, 27 April 2015 (UTC)

We know well that the Arpads even attacked their own kinds (Koppany, Gyula, Ajtony etc) and they did not want to share power with anybody. We also know that they preferred to put their men in key positions regardless of ethnicity. That's how feudalism works. "Their men" could have been anybody, Magyars, Slavic locals, newcomer knights etc. I am still asking for archaeological evidences because you can't prove ethnicity and survival of territorial administrative organizations by dating of earthworks..... Archaeology hardly can identify organizational structures/changes. IMHO Fakirbakir (talk) 07:39, 28 April 2015 (UTC)

No comment.Ditinili (talk) 14:21, 28 April 2015 (UTC)

So, you are unable to clarify those "archaeological evidences" Fakirbakir (talk) 16:28, 28 April 2015 (UTC)

No, I only don't feel the need to react on obvious non-sense like "you can't prove ethnicity", because it is clear that early Slavs and Hungarians in Slovakia did not share common material culture in the 10th century. It also seems that you are not able to understand what does it mean if original population preserved its power centers in some region and the outposts of other population are missing. You also missed that e.g. Ducové was destroyed by early Hungarians only in the late 10th century when the Arpáds expanded their power, thus it was not under their administration before.

I really don't know what to say to your theory that the ruler did not care about nationality. It is obviously something what supports (and does not refute) an opinion that he had not any problem with Slavic aristocracy, especially if that guys were loyal to him (you obviously missed this consequence; it is not about "sharing power", but about standard feudal hierarchy).

The whole discussion until now is about your personal opinions without single reference to any scholarly source from your side. Therefore, from my point of view it is a vaste of time.Ditinili (talk) 18:02, 28 April 2015 (UTC)

What a pity that you don't even understand my problem. Fakirbakir (talk) 20:11, 28 April 2015 (UTC)

Fakirbakir, I understand your problems very well.Ditinili (talk) 21:25, 28 April 2015 (UTC)

Fakirbakir, I think Ditinili's above remarks prove that according to a significant (Slovakian) scholarly POV local Slavic aristocrats survived the Hungarian conquest. This POV was published in peer-reviewed books, consequently it can (should) be presented in this article. Of course, editors should also emphasize that this is only a POV. As far as I know, the idea of the existence of a landholding aristocracy and "local power centers" (=earthworks which may or may have not been in use in the 9th and 10th centuries) is subject to scholarly debates. For instance, Jiří Macháček emphasizes that no richly furnished graves were unearthed, suggesting that "Great Moravia" was a highly centralized polity, without aristocrats whose power was independent of the monarch (Macháček, Jiří (2009). "Disputes over Great Moravia: chiefdom or state? the Morava or the Tisza River?". Early Medieval Europe. 17 (3). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd: 248–267.; Macháček, Jiří (2012). ""Great Moravian state"–a controversy in Central European medieval studies". Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 11 (1). Saint-Petersburg, RU: Publishing House of the History Department of the Saint-Petersburg State University: 5–26.). Borsoka (talk) 02:32, 29 April 2015 (UTC)

The existence of local power centers is definitely not a subject of any serious scholarly debate. We do not talk about some hypothetical sites, but about heavily fortified and large agglomerations with numerous artifacts, like Bojná - Valy. There is also not any serious scholarly debate if such centers "may or may have not been in use in the 9th and 10th centuries" in general. Which important local center do you mean? They can be found from Devín to Zeplín.

The existence of landholding aristocracy is a completely different thing. A term "magnate" does not necessarily means a feudal landowner. The Slavs began to build these heavily fortified centers in the 8th century - in time, when nobody of them could play a role of the feudal monarch. Ditinili (talk) 21:04, 29 April 2015 (UTC)

Their dating is not so certain. For instance, the "local power center" at Zemplén may have been built around 900 or 1000, therefore it is not a fact that it was built for and held by a local Slavic lord. (Takács, Miklós (1994). Zemplén. Kristó, Gyula; Engel, Pál; Makk, Ferenc. Korai magyar történeti lexikon (9–14. század) [Encyclopedia of the Early Hungarian History (9th–14th centuries)]. Akadémiai Kiadó. ISBN 963-05-6722-9., page 743.) Borsoka (talk) 03:40, 30 April 2015 (UTC)

FYI, 15 years later (4 September 2009) there was an international conference dedicated exactly to this topic (Hradiská severného Potisia – Hradisko Zemplín/Forthills in the northen Potisie/Forthill Zemplin). This opinion is currently outdated and untenable.Ditinili (talk) 05:10, 30 April 2015 (UTC)

I am just wondering whether how many non-Slovak specialists (e.g. Hungarian) were invited to the conference. As I see you are a "one truth believer"... Please read something about WP:NPOV. Fakirbakir (talk) 07:07, 30 April 2015 (UTC)

Yes, no Hungarian historians were present, but this is not about the nationality of the scholars. As I understand, the conference was about ceramics found in the Zemplén fort which can be dated between the 10th and 12th centuries. All the same, if a historian writes that those ceramics prove that it was a power center of a 10th-century Slavic nobleman who survived the fall of "Great" Moravia, we cannot say that this POV cannot be presented in the article. Borsoka (talk) 11:04, 30 April 2015 (UTC)

OMG.

1. There is a whole network of old Slavonic fortified settlements in Slovakia and Moravia. There is not any serious academic discussion if they existed in the 9th-10th century and if they were inhabited by Slavs. Boroska, discussions like "they may or may have not been in use in the 9th and 10th centuries" belong to the scholarly discussions from 18th and maybe 19th century. Nowadays, it is proven, largely documented fact, completely independent on one or two sites.

2. Fakirbakir's theories that the (ex-)president of the archeological institute Alexander Ruttkay (by the way honorary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) cannot distinguish between old Hungarian and old Slavonic archeological findings is ehm... no comment.

3. Naivety how do you believe that Slovak Academy of Sciences or the Archeological Institute somehow manipulates research or employs idiots who take ceramics from 12th century and than conclude that the location was inhabited by Slavs in the 9th century... no comment. Do you really believe it? I don't know where did you get this information.Ditinili (talk) 12:17, 30 April 2015 (UTC)

1. Dilitil you may not know, but 1994 was in the 20th century. 2. I did not write that 12th-century ceramics was used to prove the 9th-century inhabitation of Zemplén Fort. Borsoka (talk) 13:37, 30 April 2015 (UTC)

"Alexander Ruttkay (by the way honorary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) cannot distinguish between old Hungarian and old Slavonic archeological findings is ehm... no comment."---> I have never said that. However, I asked for archaeological proofs for "native magnates" and "surviving administrative organization". How an earth can archaeological findings prove that the Arpads kept former "administrative organizations" and left "native magnates" in positions? It doesn't matter that the local population survived the conquest because I am talking about state organization. Fakirbakir (talk) 14:00, 30 April 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, let me repeat - regardless of discussion about some particular site, there is a whole network of old Slavonic local centers. Theories that they "may or may have not been in use in the 9th and 10th centuries" belong to the scholarly discussions from 18th and maybe 19th century.

Fakirbakir, let's look for example on Ducové, because it is already mentioned in the article and it was a breakthrough discovery. Ducové is somewhere between two main Great Moravian centers - Nitra and the other one in Moravia. It is not hidden somewhere, but close to the important strategic point, where the old Slavs built one of the oldest Slavic forthills in Slovakia - Pobedim. After the fall of the Great Moravia, a lot of strategic fortifications ceased to exist. They ceased to exist quickly and the archeological horizon contains large amount of ash and arrow tips. This is especially the case of the Moravian centers. In Slovakia these signs of Hungarian attack can be found as well, but in many cases they are completely missing (!). The manor in Ducové survived the fall of the Great Moravia. Not only common people survived, but also their local magnate, who was already an early feudal lord. Contrary to the earlier Slavic elites, he (or let's say his ancestor) built his own representative residence and separated from his people. While Hungarians secured their strategic interests in the southern Slovakia, the local center in Ducové persisted until the Arpáds expanded to the north. Only then, in the late 10th century, the manor was destroyed. This is an excellent example how the Arpáds established their rule over Slovakia continuously and not at once at the beginning of the 10th century. Not so far from Pobedim and Ducové there is a large Slavic agglomeration Bojná. In Bojná, a large amount of non-Hungarians arrow tips was found. It seems (scholar hypothesis) that Hungarian army attacked fortification together with local Slavic armies. As some Hungarians fought against their ruler, the Slavs had not any problem to do the same. One note, before you come with your own theory how to reinterpret findings in Ducové and if this could applied also to other places in Slovakia - this is an example. Ditinili (talk) 15:49, 30 April 2015 (UTC)

Dilitil, you should change your chronograph because you cannot distinguish centuries. The very idea of a local Slavic aristocracy surviving the fall of Moravia "was basically a matter of intuition" till the 1970s, according to the the Slovak historian Ján Lukačka (Lukačka (2011), p. 31.) - the 1970s were not in the 19th century. You also seem to accept dogmas, saying that "there is no debate about the existence of a whole network of old Slavonic local centers" - in modern scholarship, the lack of debate is always suspect. You also seem to identify the POV of a scholarly group as the truth which is not and cannot be debated by other groups of scholars. Finally, your reference to "non-Hungarian arrow tips" suggests that you have not read archaeological studies written in the 21st century. For instance, I suggest you should read Florin Curta's study here [1]. The Romanian scholar sharply criticizes the late Hungarian archaeologist István Bóna who wrote of a "Hungarian archaeological culture" and identified the first Hungarian settlements in Transylvania "by means of grooved-rim vessels and clay clay cauldrons" (Curta (2001), p. 147). The identification of objects with ethnic groups is nowadays a quite out of date approach. Borsoka (talk) 02:16, 1 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, my chrongraph is OK, please, do not improvise again. In 1970, there was absolutely no doubt about Slavic origin of local hillforts and their pre-Hungarian dating. The "matter of intuition" was only (in that time hypothesis) about survival of local nobility after the fall of the Great Moravia, until evidence (like the manor in Ducové) was found. Let me repeat again. Your statement that "local power centers" (=earthworks which may or may have not been in use in the 9th and 10th centuries) is subject to scholarly debates." is a obvious non-sense. It seems that you are not able to distinguish between dogma and absolutely overwhelming opinion of the academic community. Hilarious speculations like "in modern scholarship, the lack of debate is always suspect" can be applied to the flat earth model as well. Theory, that "the identification of objects with ethnic groups is nowadays a quite out of date approach" is just another absolute non-sense. You can try to copy and paste this sentence to wiki page Archeology and wait for reactions. Of course, there are archeological cultures which cannot be associated with concrete ethnic group or they have multiethnic character.Ditinili (talk) 05:22, 1 May 2015 (UTC)

Please read the first sentence of this debate: Fakirbakir wrote that the sentence stating that "The archeological evidence prove that to the north of the line mentioned above, not only did the older settlement structures survive, but also territorial-administration organisation led by native magnates" is dubious. Till the 1970s, the very existence of surviving local magnates had only been "a matter of intuition", according to a reliable source (Lukačka (2011), p. 31.), why do you say that only 18th- and 19th-century scholars denied the survival of the "Great Moravian" aristocracy? According to another academic work, the very existence of local magnates within "Great Moravia" is suspect (Macháček (2009) and (2012) - why do you think that the existence of "Great Moravian" local aristocrats is subject to scholarly debates, but the survival of the same local aristocracy is a theory which is accepted by all scholars? Why do you think that Florin Curta's scepticism in connection with the identification of objects with ethnic groups should be ignored? Why do you think that an absolutely overwhelming opinion of the Slovakian academic community is also accepted by all other scholars? Borsoka (talk) 07:20, 1 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, I have answered Fakirbakir's question several times. I did it last time "15:49, 30 April 2015 (UTC)". So, the original question was already answered, it is clear that it is based on real evidence(s), it is properly sourced, etc. It is closed.

Take a break, read carefully which of your statements I considered to be wrong, and do not try to "reinterpret" your original statements. If you have some general things to be discussed about archeology, methods and processes, do it in another page. If you have mainstream peer review academic source with alternative opinion e.g. on Ducové, than it is welcomed. Good bye.Ditinili (talk) 08:23, 1 May 2015 (UTC)

I agree with you: we should not continue this debate. Borsoka (talk) 09:57, 1 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, text is properly sourced, the source is reliabliable and fully compliant with wikipedia rules. When you will have concrete, up to date source, claiming oposite or questioning research results, not only some speculations, your own conclusions based on indirect sources not dealing exactly with the topic, we can continue. If you can cite Macháček - some text related to post-Great Moravian era, directly questioning the research results, etc, do it right now.Ditinili (talk) 15:04, 1 May 2015 (UTC)

Ditinili, please try to concentrate: I have never stated that the texts are not propertly sourced, I only say that they do not present a neutral picture. Please also try to accept that theories accepted by the majority of Slovakian historians is not always shared by all historians. For instance, Ivo Štefan writes: "The courtyard in Ducové on the left bank of the River Váh, which is often mentioned as an example of a residence of a feudal lord depending on its own extensive landed property (Ruttkay 1997, 151–152; 2005), is in principle nothing but a lightly fortified stronghold with a church. Whether the feudal lord here managed it at his ownexpense or only administered an entrusted part of the upper River Váh region for the sovereign cannot, however, be decided" (Štefan, Ivo (2011). "Great Moravia, Statehood and Archaeology: The "Decline and Fall" of One Early Medieval Polity" In Macháček, Jiří; Ungerman, Šimon. Frühgeschichtliche Zentralorte in Mitteleuropa. Bonn: Verlag Dr. Rudolf Habelt. pp. 333–354. ISBN 978-3-7749-3730-7). As you can read Štefan's explicitly challenges Ruttkay's hypothesis of the existence of a feudal lord's residence in Ducové - of course, this residence may have been owned by a "Great Moravian" noblemen who or whose family survived the Hungarian conquest, but this is only a scholarly theory. Štefan also writes: "Alexander Ruttkay attributes the inoperability of the Moravian army in the defensive against the Magyars to a previous disintegration of the Moravian elite. It was to have occurred primarily as a result of the allocation of land ownership by the sovereign to individual members of the elite, who systematically began to develop their own economic environs and military units. They thus became independent of the sovereign and in the decisive moment could deny himmilitary support (e.g. Ruttkay 1997, 161; 2005, 248). For more reasons, the hypothesis can be considered as unsubstantiated. Neither the written nor the archaeological sources testify for the existence of a landed aristocracy in Great Moravia" (Štefan (2011), page 346). Consequently, Ruttkay's theory about the existence of a landed aristocracy is explicitly refused by an other historian. Of course, there may have existed a landed aristocracy in "Great Moravia" and some landholding aristocrats may have survived the Hungarian conquest, but stating that this theory is not only a POV or hypothesis would be an exaggeration. Borsoka (talk) 18:35, 1 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, there are two questions which you have mixed together.

a) Can we describe Great Moravian elites as a land holding aristocracy?

b) Did older local structures completely lost their function with the arrival of early Hungrians - particularly north of the line where the presence of common Hungarian population and/or early military outpusts can be documented?

Macháček nor Štefan does not put existence of the local elites into question, but they deal with a different problem - if Great Moravian elites trasformed from their original role into "modern" landowners ("stabilised elite depending on extensive land ownership", p. 335) and what was the source of their power. E.g. if they "recognised the sovereignty of the ruler but continued to base its own power on its own resources, or did it derive its power already predominantly from services to the king or in direct concert with him" (p. 334).

The current article does not state anywhere that "landed arictocracy" existed in the GM, thus your statement that "Ruttkay's theory about the existence of a landed aristocracy is explicitly refused by an other historian" simply does not address any disputed text in the article. By the way, early Hungarian elites in the time of their arrival also cannot be described as a "stabilised elite depending on extensive land ownership", but it ..ehm... does not refuse some continuity, right?

Similarly, Štefan does not oppose opinion, that a part of local nobility contributed to the descuction of the GM. He only opposes hypothesis that they did it as "a result of the allocation of land ownership" and speaks about other factors leading to its internal desintegratin (p. 349). However, none of these hypotesis is included in the article, so there cannot be any contradiction.Ditinili (talk) 08:21, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

Thank you for your message. I deleted all references to noblemen and hypotheses based on Ruttkay's dubious interpretation of the Ducové "manor". Borsoka (talk) 09:50, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

...what was obviously unreasoned, because I have just proved that sentences you have quoted are related to another problem and does not support your opinion in a particular question. You have not provided any further clarification or sources, but you simply ignored it.Ditinili (talk) 10:01, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

OK. I clarified in the text that they were not a "landed aristocracy", although in this case their "strong position" is even more dubious. I think this problem should be clarified and substantiated. Or they may have been bankers or wizzards? Borsoka (talk) 11:10, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska... The question of land ownership is exactly where scholar opinions differ. From this point of view, your last edit is not correct because you (wikipedia editor) decided who is right. And because the original text left this question open and did not prefer any hypothesis, you made it rather worse than better.

It seems that you cannot imagine any other type of magnates than those whose power is based on extensive land ownership. It is obvious that high social position can have various origin (military success, respected leader of kin, etc), especially before fully developed feudalism. I assume that when archeologist say that they found somewhere a grave of old Hungarian magnate, they do not assume that he was a banker, wizzard or great landowner (in the case of nomads, theory about wizzard is probably more accurate than landowner, but I am not an expert).

I propose to do the following:

1. Exclude the problem of land ownership in Great Moravia from the article. This is not what raised this discussion, it has a secondary priority, can lead to unnecessary discussion and was added only now. Further details/discussions belong to the article about Great Moravia.

2. Replace word "nobility" with term "elites". Terms like "aristocracy", "nobility" are normally used, but it seems that it will help to distinguish between later feudal social class and earlier privileged elites.

3. Some of your tags were based on assumptions like "dubious interpretation of the Ducové manor". I hope that it is clear now, that the scholar dispute about Ducové is not related to its dating, existence, persistence after the fall of Great Moravia, etc. It is a dispute if it can be used also as an example of some stage in the development of feudalism. Thus, let's say that your assumption was not completely correct.Ditinili (talk) 12:36, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

Any objections?Ditinili (talk) 12:36, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

My only objection is that your above remarks are not based on scholarly works. Who is the scholar who proposes the existence of a non-landholding aristocracy? According to Štefan, Ruttkay wrote of a landholding aristocracy and Lukacka refers to Ruttkay when writing of the survival of the local elite. Would you cite Lukacka's text which suggests that he did not write of a landholding aristocracy which survived the fall of "Great" Moravia? Borsoka (talk) 12:48, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

"Would you cite Lukacka's text which suggests that he did not write of a landholding aristocracy?".

Your request is meaningless. Lukačka does not speak about landholding aristocracy because he did not write anything about landholding aristocracy. That's all. If you believe that he speaks about landholding aristocracy, you should cite him. This is your own assumption not supported by source.

"Who is the scholar who proposes the existence of a non-landholding aristocracy?" For example Jan Steinhubel or Richard Marsina, both respected experts on early history of Slovakia (STEINHÜBEL, J.: Nitrianske kniežatstvo [Dutchy of Nitra], 2004, p. 145, MARSINA, R.: Vývoj vojenstva na Slovensku v 10-tom až 12-tom storočí [Military development in Slovakia 10th-12th centuries] in Military history of Slovakia, 1994, p 105) and plenty of other sources, this is mainstream histography. By the way, also the current source is peer reviewed and not opinion of one historian.Ditinili (talk) 15:55, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

Interestingly, in the English version of Jan Steinhübel's work, there is no reference to "aristocracy or elites" (I refer to Steinhübel, Ján (2011). "The Duchy of Nitra". In Teich, Mikuláš; Kováč, Dušan; Brown, Martin D. (eds.). Slovakia in History. Cambridge University Press. pp. 15–29. ISBN 978-0-521-80253-6.). Therefore, I must ask you to cite a quote from Steinhübel's text which proves that he writes of the existence of a non-landholding aristocracy/elite. Likewise interesting, that in the English version of Ján Lukačka's work, there is reference that he thinks that there was at leas one Slovak land-holding noble family which survived the Hungarian conquest (Lukačka, Ján (2011). "The beginnings of the nobility in Slovakia". In Teich, Mikuláš; Kováč, Dušan; Brown, Martin D. (eds.). Slovakia in History. Cambridge University Press. pp. 30–37. ISBN 978-0-521-80253-6.). On page 33 of his cited work, he writes: "We do not know exactly when the Poznans converted to Christianity, but churches found within their manors (Ducové, Nitrianska Blatnica and Visegrád) were operating during this period. Indeed, the Poznans took over the neglected Benedictine monastery below the Zobor hill, overlooking Nitra in the last quarter of the tenth century and became its secular patrons. They revived the monastic community and granted it various properties from their land holdings." On page 35, he explicitly states: "It is worth noting that hereditary property of pre-Hungarian origin prevailed among the [Hunts'] family possessions". I have never stated that these ideas are not examples of mainstream historiography, they may even represent the dominant theory of Slovak historiography, but there are concurring scholarly views as well. Borsoka (talk) 16:42, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

"Interestingly, in the English version of Jan Steinhübel's work...". It is not the same work. Steinhubel published large monography about Dutchy of Nitra (see [2]), your English article is less than short summary.

SK: Medzi slobodnými Moravanmi, ktorí chodili na celokmeňový snem, vynikali veľmoži. Hoci nemali veľký pozemkový majetok, boli bohatí a podieľali sa na správe štátu, či už na kniežacom dvore, alebo na hradoch.

Word by word translation:

EN: Among free Moravians who attended the tribalwide assembly, magnates excelled (= had a special position). Although they did not own large land property, they were rich and they significantly participated on the administration of the state - on prince's court or on hillforts ("hrad" means castle, but in this case the author means old Slavonic "grad", heavily fortified settlement).

None relevant "concurring scholarly views" were referenced until now. I have seen a) subjective opinions b) references to scholarly disputes about things not included in the article c) misunderstandings of the editor.--Ditinili (talk) 18:16, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

Thank you for your message. So Steinhübel wrote of rich aristocrats who did not hold large land property while Mikuláš Teich explicitly mentions the "hereditary property of pre-Hungarian origin" of the Hunts who granted "various properties from their land holdings" to a monastery. In the article, the Hunts are mentioned as the example of the surviving "territorial-administrative organization led by native magnates". Sorry, I do not understand the whole concept presented in the article: (1) the territorial-administrative organization led by native magnates survived (2) the native magnates were not landholding aristocrats (3) the Hunts who represent the surviving native magnates granted various properties from their land holdings to a monastery. The article seems to combine material from multiple sources to reach or imply a conclusion not explicitly stated by any of the sources. Borsoka (talk) 03:47, 4 May 2015 (UTC)

The article does not combine anything to "imply a conclusion not explicitly stated by any of the sources", it (nearly word by word) matches the original. Again, this is your own incorrect conclusion: "if they were not great land owners (as lords during advanced phase of feudalism), then they had no land property and could not grant it to anybody" (???). This is an obvious non-sense and again misunderstanding. The original article did not contain any info about land ownership and what was source of power of early magnates (extensive land ownership, thus in this meaning "land owning aristocracy"). Please, stop endless speculation and return back to my proposal.Ditinili (talk) 04:15, 4 May 2015 (UTC)

Ditinili, sorry I do not understand your above remark. Does the article says that the Hunts were one of the local magnates who survived the Hungarian conquest? Does the scholar cited above (Teich), and the article, says that they granted various properties from their pre-Hungarian landholdings to a monastery? Does another scholar cited above (Štefan) says the existence of a landholding aristocracy in "Great" Moravia cannot be proven? Do you think that the two scholars' view do not contradict to each other? If the Hunts are the best example of a surviving aristocracy, how can we say that the survivng aristocracy did not hold landed property? Borsoka (talk) 05:00, 4 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, Štefan did not write in his article that Great Moravian elites did not own any land. He only analyzed if there existed "stabilised elite depending on extensive landownership". In other words, if their power was based on extensive landownership - what was a relationship between the ruler and elites and if they were relying on its own landed property as a source of their own power. This is "landholding aristocracy". Ditinili (talk) 11:57, 4 May 2015 (UTC)

"Neither the written nor the archaeological sources testify for the existence of a landed aristocracy in Great Moravia" (Štefan (2011), page 346). Borsoka (talk) 17:07, 4 May 2015 (UTC)

And? You simply misuderstood term, that's all. You have created your own theory about total non existence of land ownership among Great Moravian elites. Theory which is against common sense and naive and you rely on one sentence. And now ... wow, surprise all other sources are against such interpretation. The whole Štefan's aricle is about something completely different. Ditinili (talk) 17:25, 4 May 2015 (UTC)

Common sense? Naive? So any scholarly theory which contradicts your truth should be ignored? Please stop kidding. Please also compare Steinhübel's reference to rich aristocrats who did not hold large land property and Mikuláš Teich's statement of the "hereditary property of pre-Hungarian origin" of the Hunts who granted "various properties from their land holdings" to a monastery. Borsoka (talk) 17:50, 4 May 2015 (UTC)

"Landed nobility" or "landed aristocracy" is a category of aristocracy (terminus technicus). So, when Štefan speaks about "landing aristocracy" he speaks about a concrete category and about a stage of development of early feudal society.Ditinili (talk) 18:43, 4 May 2015 (UTC)

So although Štefan explicitly refuses Ruttkay's theories about Ducové and the existence of a landed aristocracy, he fully agrees with Slovak historians who refer to Ruttkay when writing about Ducové and the landed aristocracy (e.g. Teich). Borsoka (talk) 18:48, 4 May 2015 (UTC)

You should say which theories he refuses. Does he refuse the existence of the manor? Does he have objections against dating? Does he disagree with an opinion that it has been preserved after the fall of the great Moravia? Does he disagree with an opinion that it had been inhabitated by Slavic magnate? No, he only disagrees with an opinion that this can be used as an "example of a residence of a feudal lord depending on its own extensive landed property". So, he only disagrees with an opinion that this can be used as a proof that (post-)Great Moravian nobility achieved some stage in the development of feudalism. Ditinili (talk) 02:59, 5 May 2015 (UTC)

There are verbatim citations, proving that he refuses at least two statements made by Ruttkay. Please read them - there is no reference to feudalism. Borsoka (talk) 03:26, 5 May 2015 (UTC)

None of these verbatim citations put into question dating, ethnicity, persistence after the fall of the Great Moravia, they speak only about extensive landownership and terminus technicus landed nobility, right?Ditinili (talk) 03:44, 5 May 2015 (UTC)

Yes, but according to the article the Hunts who are the representetive of the local magnates who survived the Hungarian conquest had large estates from the pre-Hungarian period. Do you think that the reference to the Hunts should be deleted from the article? Borsoka (talk) 03:50, 5 May 2015 (UTC)

In my opinion, the text should be merged with Hont-Pázmány where is enough space to discuss the problem. E.g. already mentioned Steinhubel also agrees that the power of GM magnates was not based on extensive land ownership, but he strongly supports a theory that Ponznan was definitely not a German knight and according to him, Hunt probably was not. This is too specific question for the general article about Slovakia. At the same time, just he opposes various nationalistic interpretations of early history, so this must be carefully evaluated.Ditinili (talk) 06:43, 7 May 2015 (UTC)

Yes, I agree that the text of the alternate theory of the originis of the Hont-Pázmánys should be described in the proper article. Borsoka (talk) 02:30, 8 May 2015 (UTC)

maps

User:Ditinili, Pls don't delete maps unless you can find better ones. Thank you! Fakirbakir (talk) 13:10, 10 May 2015 (UTC)

Fakirbakir, it is better to omit more than 100 years old map which clearly contradicts the article and is refuted by sources already referenced by the article, than to confuse readers and to present outdated maps with "questionable" reliability.--Ditinili (talk) 13:30, 10 May 2015 (UTC)

Ditinili, I understand that the map of Europe around 650 is outdated and contradicts theories of contemporary reearchers. However the map is also included in 19 other articles on English Wikipedia, including Slavs, Early Slavs, History of Hungary before the Hungarian Conquest and (see the whole list at File:Europe around 650.jpg, in the section File usage on other wikis). In the same time. File:Lombard_state_526.png appears in the articles History of Slovakia before the Slovaks, Lombards, and Battle of Asfeld. Could you check if it is right to keep these maps there? 212.81.24.63 (talk) 08:13, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

Hah, these maps don't contradict anything. What is wrong with you folks? Regarding the 7th century, Europe around 650.jpg (Muir) is actually an excellent map. Lombard_state_526.png is a derivative work (you can see the original map here:[3]) Due to copyright issues it's very difficult to find usable maps for Wikipedia. I don't say that these maps are perfect. However, they are better than nothing.Fakirbakir (talk) 09:03, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

User:Fakirbakir, the first map (Lombards) contradicts at least 5 scholarly sources published by institutions like Archaeological Institute or Historical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences (see talk page for the map). Its reliability is currently not advocated nor by its uploader. You are right, it is not perfect. It is completely wrong and refuted by the archaeological research.

The second map - I think that the current article describes well the situation in the 7th century and it is not compliant with the borders of the khaganate somewhere in High Tatras. The Slavs (on your map) lived in the Czech Republic, Poland, a large part of Austria and in the southern part of the khaganate, but not in Slovakia. This is again an absolute non-sense. I can understand that this "inaccuracy" can be easily overlooked in articles like Francia or in general articles like History of Europe, but never in the article dedicated particularly to the history of Slovakia.

All the maps, which we recently discussed share some common features. They are based on outdated publications and "remove" Slovaks or their ancestors from the history. Is it a coincidence or an intention?Ditinili (talk) 16:49, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

Ditinili, if you read the discussion on the talk page of the map of the Lombards, you can read that the map that you have been trying to remove is based on a work written by Serbian historians. Do you think that Serbian historians decided to remove Slavs from the history of Slovakia? Do you think that P. M. Barford (who explicitly says that the Slavs only settled in the southeastern regions of Slovakia after the Lombards left the territory) wants to remove Slavs from the history of Slovakia? Borsoka (talk) 17:32, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, thank you for your trial for a mediation, but I did not ask you but Fakirbakir. I will probably ask the same question if some Serbian (Mongolian/Chinesse/Martian) historian will repeatedly push outdated sources sharing the same pattern and if we can document his anti-Slovak statements in the past as for the editor above. I want to focus on the problem and not on the editor, but I can hardly ignore it. So I simply asked.Ditinili (talk) 17:44, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

You are welcome. Sorry, I do not understand your above remark. Do you say that a map which is based on a work of a Serbian historian and which is obviously supported by a British archaeologist should be removed because it contradicts to the scholarly consensus of Slovak historians? Borsoka (talk) 18:05, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

British acheologist from 1911?Ditinili (talk) 18:08, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

No. Barford's book was published in the 21st century (Early Slavs, it is cited in the article). Borsoka (talk) 18:12, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

Can you cite what is cited from Barford in the current article and supports the map? Ditinili (talk) 18:17, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

Ditinili What are you talking about? These maps are NOT ethnic maps. I just wanted to draw attention to the fact that there was a period, from about 425 to about 568 when Langobards controlled territories of present-day Slovakia. Also, we should not forget the Avar-controlled areas to the north of the river Danube. The Avar Khaganate lasted more than 200 years and had a great effect on these areas. Fakirbakir (talk) 18:28, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

User:Fakirbakir the map shows "Lombard state". Can you cite Bardford, where he says that this "state" (let's say empire) was more or less equal to the present-day Slovakia + smaller part of Hungary, did not contain any part of the Austria, etc (= what can we see on the map)?Ditinili (talk) 18:35, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

Ditinili, please read the above remark of Barford more carefully. It was taken in connection with your statement about the settlement of Slavs in the territory of present-day Slovakia, not in connection with the Lombard state. Borsoka (talk) 02:40, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

Let me summary. Already now, we have 5 scholarly sources focused especially on the early history of Slovakia (not some general publications). All of them clearly state that the Longobard expansion reached a part of the south-western Slovakia (Záhorie), not Slovakia in general. This is against the Fakirbakir's statement that the map "does not contradicts anything". Then, there is a scholarly consensus that the Slavs settled this area (like neigbouring south-eastern Moravia) later, when Longobards moved to the Italy. If we speak about concrete map, you have declared that the map is "obviously supported by a British archaeologist". And I am asking if you can cite him that he supports theory that the location of this empire was more or less equal to the present-day Slovakia + smaller part of Hungary, smaller part of Moravia except the south-eastern part and did not contain any part of the Austria, etc (as it is shown on the map). Ditinili (talk) 07:29, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

Removal of information about Slovakia

This article is about the history of Slovakia and it should contain mainly information about history of the Slovakia. However, it seems that under the cover of "shortening" properly sourced information about Slovakia and Slovaks (or their ancestors) are being removed and replaced by general texts. E.g. details about migration of the Slavs to Slovakia, details about local conflicts with the Avars are not elaborated but "shortened", whole section "the arrival of the Slavs" disappeared and is "shortened". Why?Ditinili (talk) 11:47, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

Would you be more specific? Borsoka (talk) 11:49, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

I have already described the problem.--Ditinili (talk) 11:51, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

No you have not. Only one properly cited sentence was deleted [4], which was about the Avars' war against the Byzantine Empire. Borsoka (talk) 11:57, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, you have deleted complete block. And not the one [5]. I have no problem to source every single sentence. Simply, do not remove content specific to Slovakia. Ditinili (talk) 12:07, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

Dilitinili, please try to concentrate. That specific information was moved before your message [6]. Actually, I think the text should be shortened, because it only says that Slavic groups comming from the east may have joined the Slavs who had already settled in Slovakia. Borsoka (talk) 12:15, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, it is nice that you have restored some content again when another editor reverted your deletion [7], but for now, please do not touch texts about the arrival of the Slavs do not "improve", "shorten", etc, anything. I will restore the section "the arrival of the Slavs" and not to shorten it, but I will describe it into details. Thanks.Ditinili (talk) 12:24, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

Please do not remove properly sourced sentences and pelase remember WP:3RR. Borsoka (talk) 12:26, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

Do not joke. You and not me began to remove sourced content and I and not you stopped reverts and began a discussion.Ditinili (talk) 12:29, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

???? Borsoka (talk) 12:30, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, I stopped reverting and opened discussion, not you. You began to remove ("shorten") sourced content and not me.Ditinili (talk) 12:33, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

And when it was obvious that you want to start an edit war I stopped shortening the text. However, I still say that those sentences should be shortened, because they say nothing more than "Slavs who came from the east settled among the local Slavs", Of course, we can write long sentences about simple facts but it contradicts to WP:Summary style. Would you specify what information was deleted that you want to restore? Borsoka (talk) 12:39, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska... Let it be. Simply, do not remove information about the Slavs - I cannot agree with this style of "shortening", when whatever else is extended, but information about the Slavs is "shortened", Slavo-Avaric relationships are reduced to some "befucs", various obsolete maps are introduced and advocated, etc. Do not speculate how I obviously wanted to begin "edit war", especially when I stopped it and opened discussion. I will simply create a section about the arrival of the Slavs (it somehow "disappeared"), because they are majority in the country until nowadays and it is reasonable section. Do not touch it for a while, thanks. Ditinili (talk) 12:51, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

????? You are kidding. Who wanted to refrain you from creatng a separate section about the arrival of the Slavs? Borsoka (talk) 12:55, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

I am not "kidding". I am trying to coordinate edits and I am trying to reach some consensus.Ditinili (talk) 13:06, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

You are more than welcome. In order to be more effective, I suggest that you should be more specific, instead of making general (and mostly baseless) statements about other editors. Of course, your idea about a separate section about the arrival of the Slavs cannot be opposed. Borsoka (talk) 13:12, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

Let's say, it is not constructive when some editor removes complete blocks of texts and then he/she pretends that he/she has absolutely no idea what we are talking about and says... ooo, I did nothing, I have removed only one sourced sentence.Ditinili (talk) 13:31, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

If you want to be constructive, please say that this or that is the sentence that you want to be restored even if it is not verified. I am sure that we could restore it for a short period. Borsoka (talk) 05:12, 13 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, if something "is not verified" use appropriate tag and do not delete the text.

One note to your improvements: "According to a scholarly theory, the first Slavic groups settled in the eastern region of present-day Slovakia already in the 4th century". Klein, Ruttkay & Marsina 1994 definitely does not state anything like this (compare [8]).Ditinili (talk) 15:58, 13 May 2015 (UTC)

Ditinili, you are still making declarations about texts that I allegedly deleted. Would you be more specific? Which sentence was deleted? Please also be more careful: the above sentence about the settlement of the Slavs in eastern Slovakia is verified by Bartl et al., as well. If Klein et al do not write about it, I misunderstood the text from the article. Sorry, for it. Borsoka (talk) 02:26, 14 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, I wrote several times that I will restore later whatever I need and from your side it is enough to stop "shortening". That's all. Where is "unimportant" details about Slavic uprising in the Avar Khaganate? They were lost.Ditinili (talk) 03:08, 14 May 2015 (UTC)

Do you refer to the unreferenced POV text about the sack of Komárno cemetery and the "probable" new balance of power? Borsoka (talk) 04:16, 14 May 2015 (UTC)

"POV" text is citation of recognized medievalist and because I knew that some people will put in into doubts, there was also and explanation in the footnote. For Komarno, I can provide you as many references as you wish. Your lack of knowledge of elementary facts is not a good reason to remove any text which you dislike.Ditinili (talk) 04:54, 14 May 2015 (UTC)

Ditinili, WP:NPA!! I doubt that Borsoka lacks the "knowledge of elementary facts". Fakirbakir (talk) 07:21, 14 May 2015 (UTC)

Sorry, but when I read your theories aka "Longobard state" I simply came to conclusion that you have serious gaps and you should slow down your work and to be less self-confident. Ditinili (talk) 07:47, 14 May 2015 (UTC)

What sort of "Langobard state theory"? I have never mentioned anything like that. And, please, stop making personal attacks. Fakirbakir (talk) 09:06, 14 May 2015 (UTC)

I am not here to argue about non-senses. Scroll page up to the text about maps which "do not contradict anything".Ditinili (talk) 09:59, 14 May 2015 (UTC)

Ditinili, you are right: my lack of knowledge of elementary facts would not be a good reason to remove any text. That is why I deleted and will delete only non-referenced texts. If you think that the alleged sack of Komárno cemetery is a common place in Slovakian historiography you will find reliable sources without difficulty. Interestingly, this common place is not mentioned in any of the books about the history of Slovakia which were published in English in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Borsoka (talk) 18:54, 14 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, just FYI, it is not only about cemetery. It means that the Avars (whose settlement area during the early khaganate era in general did not expand to Slovakia as it is also properly shown in the last Fakirbakir's map) lost control over the situation in their main center in the north. Similarly, other information which have low value for you e.g. the arrival of the Slavs from the south can have large implications, since the Slavs already in this period spoke different dialects and e.g. the result of these merged dialects is an excellent tool to distinguish between the local Slavs (later Slovaks) and other western Slavic populations in the early middle ages and the presence of residual southern Slavic elements distinguishes Slovak language from the other west Slavic languages until nowadays. Widely recognized fact about this migration could be (from the current formulation) also understood as a some kind of alternative theory.

_{By the way, the value of Kirschbaum book is in its availability for English speakers, however, he is not and expert on the medieval history of Slovakia)}.

Ditinili (talk) 04:22, 15 May 2015 (UTC)

As I mentioned above, the scholarly POV about the cemetery and its destruction could be presented in the article (based on a reliable source), even if there is no reference to such an important event in any of the books about Slovak history which were published in English (you may not have realized, but there were at least 4 or 5 books about the history of Slovakia which were published in English in the 21st century). The South Slavic features of the Slovak and Czech languages are also mentioned in Bartford's book, but he does not link it to a migration from the south (Barford (2001), p. 17.). He only refers to the role of the Carpathians as a barrier between the different Slavic groups. Borsoka (talk) 04:38, 15 May 2015 (UTC)

Hmmm... My maps do not show any Carpathian Mountains on the border between Slovak and South Slavic languages, nor their ancestors. As a native Czech and Slovak speaker I would say, that the most of non-west Slavic residual elements like replacement of "dl" by "l" or "o" by "a" has nothing with Czech, e.g. l-a-keť(sk) and l-a-kat(sr), but l-o-ket(cz) and ł-o-kieć(pl); kri-l-o (many of Slovak dialects) and kri-l-o (sr) vs. kří-dl-o (cz) and skrzy-dł-o (pl), but I am only a native speaker, who know.Ditinili (talk) 18:24, 16 May 2015 (UTC)

Did you publish your above views in a peer reviewed book? Borsoka (talk) 18:26, 16 May 2015 (UTC)

Unfortunately, I did not publish any peer reviewed book that that there is the Panonian Basin and not Carpathian Mountains which separate us from southern Slavs.Ditinili (talk) 18:34, 16 May 2015 (UTC)

I see. You only misunderstand Barford's theory. Borsoka (talk) 18:37, 16 May 2015 (UTC)

WP:NPOV

Ditinili, I know that the existence of the "Principality of Nitra" is a common place in Slovakian historiography. Please also try to take into account other scholars: Curta does not name Pribina as prince of Nitra, Berend et al emphasize that the identification Pribina's Nitrava with Nitra is highly debated, Bowlus denies that identification. Curta and Berend et al were published by CUP - do you think that CUP publishes marginal POVs??? Please stop edit warring. Borsoka (talk) 18:53, 16 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, Bowlus belongs to that marginal stream which try to find Great Moravia on a different place that the total majority of European historians, it is not surprising. I don't care if the Principality of Nitra is called "principality", "dutchy" or simply "political unit", majority of historians who deal with the Great Moravia do not have any problem with its formations from two units and with its location in Nitra. If the center was in Moravia, where was the second part? What is then "highly disputed", can you cite Berned?--Ditinili (talk) 19:13, 16 May 2015 (UTC)

Ditinili, the existence of the Principality of Nitra and the location of Great Moravia are two different issues. Berend et al: "According to some, Pribina's seat had been previously in Nitra (today in Slovakia), until 833 when the Moravian ruler Mojmír (Moimír, before 833-846) expelled him and conqurered his lands, but others dispute this and suggest another Pannonian area as Pribina's previous seat." (Berend et al pp. 56-57.). Why do you think that Archbishop Theotmar's letter of the occupation of Nitra by Svatopluk is a "minority view" which should not be "presented along with commonly accepted mainstream scholarship"? Borsoka (talk) 03:03, 17 May 2015 (UTC)

Boroska, we can safely say, that the absolute majority of publications about GM locates Prinicpality of Nitra to present-day Slovakia without any doubt and any other opinion is marginal (like it is marginal opinion about location of GM to Sriem, but "other" authors with such opinion exist). More, it seems that the statement "is highly debated" belongs to you, not Berend. The problem is not in presentation of marginal opinions, the problem is in the balance - when marginal theories are presented along with mainstream and there is not any clear division, but they have the same space. This is against the principle "While it is important to account for all significant viewpoints on any topic, Wikipedia policy does not state or imply that every minority view or extraordinary claim needs to be presented along with commonly accepted mainstream scholarship as if they were of equal validity. ". The result is seriously unbalanced text, when the reader is not informed about commonly accepted mainstream scholarship as about commonly accepted mainstream scholarship, but it is more or less pushed into background by "alternative views and theories". Furthermore, the whole mainstream then looks like as a some kind of unreliable, poorly sourced and poorly documented alternative theory, what (I assume) was an intention.

P.S: Can you cite where Richard Marsina says ..that the ethnogenesis of the Slovak nation was completed in that principality during Pribina's reign?Ditinili (talk) 19:16, 16 May 2015 (UTC)

Kirschbaum cites the following text form Marsina, Richard et al. Slovenske dejiny, referring to its page 23: "[W]e have to consider the Slavs inhabiting Pribina's principality as a specific group of Slavs who lived in the area above the middle Danube. ... For this entire area, we have to accept that the nation-creation process (etnogenesa) of its inhabitants was complete and we can speak of a Slovak nation from that moment on." (Kirschbaum, p. 25.) Do you think Kirschbaum wrongly translated the text from the Slovak book? Borsoka (talk) 03:03, 17 May 2015 (UTC)

Marsina's view is much more complex. Let's compare it with his publication dedicated particularly to the ethnogenesis of the Slovaks, where his views are elaborated into details ([9]. Marsina clearly states that the term "nation" in this period does not match modern definition, but he uses it carefully and with some objections, because (as he states) the translation of latin "gens=tribes" cannot be also properly used for times when the tribes already ceased to exist (p. 14). Then, he explicitly says that the common ethnic awareness cannot be assumed with other ancestors of Slovaks outside the boundaries of the principality (p. 16). Marsina speaks also about further expansion of ethnic awareness (p. 16), new conditions after the integration into Kingdom of Hungary and he explicitly says: "they ethnogenesis has continued; its result were the Slovaks and subsequently the modern Slovak nation" (p. 17). So, it is clear that he does not believe that the "ethnogenesis of the Slovak nation was completed" somehow in general and for all Slovaks and there are two "shifts" in his theory - from Kirschbaum's side (oversimplification based on one carefully selected statement) and then from your side, when you introduced further inaccuracies in the interpretation.Ditinili (talk) 04:45, 17 May 2015 (UTC)