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'''Margot Elisabeth Dreschel''', also spelled '''Drechsler''', or '''Drexler'''<ref name="degob"/> (17 May 1908 &ndash; May/June 1945), was a prison guard at [[Nazi concentration camps]] during World War II.
'''Margot Elisabeth Dreschel''', also spelled '''Drechsler''', or '''Drexler'''<ref name="degob"/> (17 May 1908 &ndash; May/June 1945), was a prison guard at [[Nazi concentration camps]] during [[World War II]]. For her role in [[the Holocaust]], she was sentenced to death and hanged.


== Ravensbrück concentration camp ==
Before her enlistment as an [[SS]] auxiliary, she worked at an office in [[Berlin]]. On 31 January 1941, Dreschel arrived at [[Ravensbrück concentration camp]] to receive guard training. At first she was an ''[[Aufseherin]]'', a lower-ranking female guard at Ravensbrück camp in charge of interned women. She trained under ''[[Oberaufseherin]]'' (Senior Overseer) [[Johanna Langefeld]] in 1941, and quickly became an ''SS-Rapportführerin'' (Report Overseer), a higher-ranked guard.
Before her enlistment as an [[SS]] auxiliary, she worked at an office in [[Berlin]]. On 31 January 1941, Dreschel arrived at [[Ravensbrück concentration camp]] to receive guard training. At first she was an ''[[Aufseherin]]'', a lower-ranking female guard at Ravensbrück camp in charge of interned women. She trained under ''[[Oberaufseherin]]'' (Senior Overseer) [[Johanna Langefeld]] in 1941, and quickly became an ''SS-Rapportführerin'' (Report Overseer), a higher-ranked guard.


==Auschwitz-Birkenau==
==Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp==
On 27 April 1942, Dreschel was selected for transfer to the newly opened [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz II – Birkenau]] concentration camp in [[occupied Poland]]. Dreschel began her duties at Birkenau in August 1942 as soon as the women's camp was established there, with women transferred from Auschwitz to Birkenau during expansion. She served under [[Maria Mandel]] and worked as an associate of [[Dr Mengele]].<ref name="degob"/>
On 27 April 1942, Dreschel was selected for transfer to the newly opened [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz II – Birkenau]] concentration camp in [[occupied Poland]]. Dreschel began her duties at Birkenau in August 1942 as soon as the women's camp was established there, with women transferred from Auschwitz to Birkenau during expansion. She served under [[Maria Mandel]] and worked as an associate of [[Dr Mengele]].<ref name="degob"/>


Dreschel was head of all camp offices in Auschwitz. Her appearance was reportedly repellent, as one female Auschwitz prisoner recounted: "camp leader Dreschel was there, her buck teeth sticking out, even when her mouth is closed." Inmates described her as vulgar, thin and ugly. After the war, many survivors testified of her notoriously brutal beatings.<ref name="review">{{cite web|url=http://sadakoreview.com/features/evil-personalities/ss-nazi-personnel-nazi-women-guards|title=Margot Dreschel profile|publisher=Sadako Review|work=Notorious Female SS Nazi Guards|access-date=10 August 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814145354/http://sadakoreview.com/features/evil-personalities/ss-nazi-personnel-nazi-women-guards/|archive-date=14 August 2012}}</ref> She carried out indoor [[Selection (Holocaust)|selections]] wearing a white coat and white gloves, disguised as a doctor.{{quote|text=Once Mrs Drechaler [Dreschler] came, with her huge bloodhound, undressed everybody, took away even our shoes, and we had to stand for hours completely naked, none of us were thinking of life any more, the gas chamber seemed unavoidable.|sign=''War Crimes Trials. Protocol 3309''|source=SS Female Overseers in Auschwitz <ref name="degob"/>}}
Dreschel was head of all camp offices in Auschwitz. Her appearance was reportedly repellent, as one female Auschwitz prisoner recounted: "camp leader Dreschel was there, her buck teeth sticking out, even when her mouth is closed." Inmates described her as vulgar, thin and ugly. After the war, many survivors testified of her notoriously brutal beatings.<ref name="review">{{cite web|url=http://sadakoreview.com/features/evil-personalities/ss-nazi-personnel-nazi-women-guards|title=Margot Dreschel profile|publisher=Sadako Review|work=Notorious Female SS Nazi Guards|access-date=10 August 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814145354/http://sadakoreview.com/features/evil-personalities/ss-nazi-personnel-nazi-women-guards/|archive-date=14 August 2012}}</ref> She carried out indoor [[Selection (Holocaust)|selections]] wearing a white coat and white gloves, disguised as a doctor.{{quote|text=Once Mrs Drechaler [Dreschler] came, with her huge bloodhound, undressed everybody, took away even our shoes, and we had to stand for hours completely naked, none of us were thinking of life any more, the gas chamber seemed unavoidable.|sign=''War Crimes Trials. Protocol 3309''|source=SS Female Overseers in Auschwitz <ref name="degob"/>}}


Margot regularly moved between the Auschwitz I camp and [[Auschwitz II|Birkenau]], and involved herself in selections of women and children to be either exploited as slave labor, or murdered in the [[gas chamber]]s. On 1 November 1944, she went to [[Flossenbürg concentration camp]] as an ''Oberaufseherin'' and as a trainer of enlisted overseers. In January 1945, she was moved back to the Ravensbruck subcamp at [[Neustadt-Glewe]], and fled from there in April 1945 as [[Nazism|Nazi Germany]] surrendered.
Dreschel regularly moved between the Auschwitz I camp and [[Auschwitz II|Birkenau]], and involved herself in selections of women and children to be either exploited as slave labor, or murdered in the [[gas chamber]]s. On 1 November 1944, she went to [[Flossenbürg concentration camp]] as an ''Oberaufseherin'' and as a trainer of enlisted overseers. In January 1945, she was moved back to the Ravensbrück subcamp at [[Neustadt-Glewe]].
== Arrest and execution ==
Dreschel fled from Ravensbrück in April 1945 as [[Nazism|Nazi Germany]] surrendered.


In May 1945, several former Auschwitz prisoners recognized her on a road from [[Pirna]] to [[Bautzen]] in the Soviet zone,<ref name="capitalpunishment">{{cite web|url=http://www.capitalpunishmentuk.org/nazigirls.html|title=Auschwitz Concentration Camp|publisher=Capital Punishment UK|work=Female Nazi war criminals|access-date=10 August 2012}}</ref> and took her to the Soviet Military Police. The [[Soviets]] condemned her to death and executed her in May or June 1945 by hanging in [[Bautzen]].<ref name="degob">{{cite web|url=http://degob.org/index.php?showarticle=2018|title=SS Female Overseers in Auschwitz|publisher=National Committee for Attending Deportees DEGOB (Hungarian Jewish relief)|work=Recollections on the Holocaust|access-date=10 August 2012}}</ref>
In May 1945, several former Auschwitz prisoners recognized her on a road from [[Pirna]] to [[Bautzen]] in the Soviet zone,<ref name="capitalpunishment">{{cite web|url=http://www.capitalpunishmentuk.org/nazigirls.html|title=Auschwitz Concentration Camp|publisher=Capital Punishment UK|work=Female Nazi war criminals|access-date=10 August 2012}}</ref> and took her to the Soviet Military Police. The [[Soviets]] condemned her to death and executed her in May or June 1945 by hanging in [[Bautzen]].<ref name="degob">{{cite web|url=http://degob.org/index.php?showarticle=2018|title=SS Female Overseers in Auschwitz|publisher=National Committee for Attending Deportees DEGOB (Hungarian Jewish relief)|work=Recollections on the Holocaust|access-date=10 August 2012}}</ref>

Revision as of 07:07, 31 October 2023

Margot Dreschel
Born(1908-05-17)17 May 1908
Neugersdorf, Saxony, German Empire
DiedMay/June 1945 (aged 36/37)
Bautzen, Allied-occupied Germany
Cause of deathExecution by hanging
NationalityGerman
OccupationPrison guard

Margot Elisabeth Dreschel, also spelled Drechsler, or Drexler[1] (17 May 1908 – May/June 1945), was a prison guard at Nazi concentration camps during World War II. For her role in the Holocaust, she was sentenced to death and hanged.

Ravensbrück concentration camp

Before her enlistment as an SS auxiliary, she worked at an office in Berlin. On 31 January 1941, Dreschel arrived at Ravensbrück concentration camp to receive guard training. At first she was an Aufseherin, a lower-ranking female guard at Ravensbrück camp in charge of interned women. She trained under Oberaufseherin (Senior Overseer) Johanna Langefeld in 1941, and quickly became an SS-Rapportführerin (Report Overseer), a higher-ranked guard.

Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp

On 27 April 1942, Dreschel was selected for transfer to the newly opened Auschwitz II – Birkenau concentration camp in occupied Poland. Dreschel began her duties at Birkenau in August 1942 as soon as the women's camp was established there, with women transferred from Auschwitz to Birkenau during expansion. She served under Maria Mandel and worked as an associate of Dr Mengele.[1]

Dreschel was head of all camp offices in Auschwitz. Her appearance was reportedly repellent, as one female Auschwitz prisoner recounted: "camp leader Dreschel was there, her buck teeth sticking out, even when her mouth is closed." Inmates described her as vulgar, thin and ugly. After the war, many survivors testified of her notoriously brutal beatings.[2] She carried out indoor selections wearing a white coat and white gloves, disguised as a doctor.

Once Mrs Drechaler [Dreschler] came, with her huge bloodhound, undressed everybody, took away even our shoes, and we had to stand for hours completely naked, none of us were thinking of life any more, the gas chamber seemed unavoidable.

— War Crimes Trials. Protocol 3309, SS Female Overseers in Auschwitz [1]

Dreschel regularly moved between the Auschwitz I camp and Birkenau, and involved herself in selections of women and children to be either exploited as slave labor, or murdered in the gas chambers. On 1 November 1944, she went to Flossenbürg concentration camp as an Oberaufseherin and as a trainer of enlisted overseers. In January 1945, she was moved back to the Ravensbrück subcamp at Neustadt-Glewe.

Arrest and execution

Dreschel fled from Ravensbrück in April 1945 as Nazi Germany surrendered.

In May 1945, several former Auschwitz prisoners recognized her on a road from Pirna to Bautzen in the Soviet zone,[3] and took her to the Soviet Military Police. The Soviets condemned her to death and executed her in May or June 1945 by hanging in Bautzen.[1]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d "SS Female Overseers in Auschwitz". Recollections on the Holocaust. National Committee for Attending Deportees DEGOB (Hungarian Jewish relief). Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  2. ^ "Margot Dreschel profile". Notorious Female SS Nazi Guards. Sadako Review. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  3. ^ "Auschwitz Concentration Camp". Female Nazi war criminals. Capital Punishment UK. Retrieved 10 August 2012.

References

  • Margot Drexler (1908-1945) biodata (in German).
  • Brown, D. P.: The Camp Women: The Female Auxiliaries Who Assisted the SS in Running the Nazi Concentration Camp System; Schiffer Publishing 2002; ISBN 0-7643-1444-0.
  • Matthaus, Juergen. Approaching an Auschwitz Survivor: Holocaust History and its Transformations Oxford University Press, 2009; ISBN 0-19-538915-8.
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