Bataireacht: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
Guliolopez (talk | contribs) Remove section headings. So that can merge into "history" section in merge target article. Which already has a "history" section (and "etymology" section). |
Guliolopez (talk | contribs) Merge to Shillelagh#History. Per outcome of Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bataireacht. |
||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
{{More citations needed|date=March 2011}} |
{{More citations needed|date=March 2011}} |
||
{{lang|ga|'''Bataireacht'''}} ({{IPA-ga|ˈbˠat̪ˠəɾʲaxt̪ˠ|pron}}; meaning 'stick-fighting') refers to a form of [[stick-fighting]] from Ireland sometimes described as a [[martial art]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Connell |first=Ronan |date=2022 |title=Bataireacht: The ancient Irish martial art making a comeback |url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20221016-bataireacht-the-ancient-irish-martial-art-making-a-comeback |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en}}</ref> Although an older practice,<ref name="Geber"/> the term was used by author John W. Hurley and introduced into modern English usage in the late 1990s. |
{{lang|ga|'''Bataireacht'''}} ({{IPA-ga|ˈbˠat̪ˠəɾʲaxt̪ˠ|pron}}; meaning 'stick-fighting') refers to a form of [[stick-fighting]] from Ireland sometimes described as a [[martial art]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Connell |first=Ronan |date=2022 |title=Bataireacht: The ancient Irish martial art making a comeback |url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20221016-bataireacht-the-ancient-irish-martial-art-making-a-comeback |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en}}</ref> Although an older practice,<ref name="Geber"/> the term was used by author John W. Hurley and introduced into modern English usage in the late 1990s. |
||
''Bataireacht'', an [[Irish language]] term sometimes given as referring to "cudgelling" or "beating with a club",<ref>{{cite book | url = https://celt.ucc.ie/Dinneen1sted.pdf | via = celt.ucc.ie | title = Foclóir Gaedhilge agus Béarla / An Irish-English Dictionary | editor-first = Patrick S. | editor-last = Dinneen | place = Dublin | publisher = Irish Texts Society | date = 1904 }}</ref> also refers to a category of stick-fighting in Ireland, with the ''shillelagh'' typically used in such fights.<ref name="Geber">{{Cite journal |last1=Geber |first1=Jonny |last2=O’Donnabhain |first2=Barra |date=2020 |title="Against Shameless and Systematic Calumny": Strategies of Domination and Resistance and Their Impact on the Bodies of the Poor in Nineteenth-Century Ireland |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s41636-019-00219-2 |journal=Historical Archaeology |language=en |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=160–183 |doi=10.1007/s41636-019-00219-2 |issn=2328-1103 |pmc=7012797 |pmid=32116407}}</ref> The fighting style is mostly characterized by the use of a cudgel, or knobbed stick, of different lengths but most often the size of a walking stick. The stick is grabbed by the third of the handle end, the lower part protecting the elbow and allowing the user to maintain an offensive as well as defensive guard. This grip also allows launching fast punching-like strikes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hemamisfits.com/2015/02/03/what-is-irish-stick-fighting |first= Maxime| last=Chouinard |title=What is Irish stick fighting? |date=3 February 2015 |publisher=Hemamisfits.com |access-date=2015-07-01}}</ref> |
|||
Some authors have argued that prior to the 19th century, the term "bataireacht" had been used to refer to a form of stick-fencing used to train Irish soldiers in [[broadsword]] and [[sabre]] techniques.<ref name="Patrick D. O'Donnell">{{cite book |
|||
| last = O'Donnell |
|||
| first = Patrick D. |
|||
| title = The Irish Faction Fighters of the 19th Century |
|||
| publisher = Anvil Press |
|||
| year = 1975}}{{page needed|date=December 2020}}</ref> This theory has been criticized, including for its lack of primary source material. Although fencing instruction and manuals existed at the time and were available in Ireland and abroad, with one of them illustrating bataireacht among wrestling, boxing and fencing <ref name="Walker 1940">{{cite book |
|||
| last = Walker |
|||
| first = Donald |
|||
| title = Defensive Exercises |
|||
| publisher = Thomas Hurst |
|||
| year = 1840 |
|||
| page = 62 |
|||
}}</ref> the two systems are in practice substantially different, namely in the active use of the buta, a part of the stick with no equivalent in European swords.{{fact|date=January 2024}} |
|||
By the 18th century, stick fighting became increasingly associated with Irish gangs called "factions".{{fact|date=November 2023}} Irish faction fights involved large groups engaging in melees at county fairs, weddings, funerals and other gatherings. Historians, such as Carolyn Conley, believe that this possibly reflected a culture of recreational violence. It is also argued that faction fighting had class and political overtones, as depicted in the works of [[William Carleton]] and [[James S. Donnelly, Jr.]]'s "Irish Peasants: Violence & Political Unrest, 1780". By the early 19th century, these gangs had organised into larger regional federations, which coalesced from the old [[Whiteboys]], into the Caravat and Shanavest factions. Beginning in [[Munster]], the Caravat and Shanavest "war" erupted sporadically throughout the 19th century and caused several disturbances.<ref>{{cite book |
|||
| last = Clark |
|||
| first = Samuel |
|||
|author2=James S. Donnelly |
|||
| title = Irish Peasants: Violence & Political Unrest, 1780–1914 |
|||
| publisher = [[University of Wisconsin Press]] |
|||
| year = 1983 |
|||
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=sKLQnYmmPLMC |
|||
| isbn = 0-299-09374-3}}{{page needed|date=December 2020}}</ref> |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
||
Revision as of 16:41, 25 January 2024
 | This article was nominated for deletion. The discussion was closed on 1 December 2023 with a consensus to merge the content into the article Shillelagh. If you find that such action has not been taken promptly, please consider assisting in the merger instead of re-nominating the article for deletion. To discuss the merger, please use the destination article's talk page. (December 2023) |
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2011) |
Bataireacht (pronounced [ˈbˠat̪ˠəɾʲaxt̪ˠ]; meaning 'stick-fighting') refers to a form of stick-fighting from Ireland sometimes described as a martial art.[1] Although an older practice,[2] the term was used by author John W. Hurley and introduced into modern English usage in the late 1990s.
References
- ^ O'Connell, Ronan (2022). "Bataireacht: The ancient Irish martial art making a comeback". www.bbc.com. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Geberwas invoked but never defined (see the help page).
