New media art: Difference between revisions
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* [[Jorge Luis Borges]] (1941). "[[The Garden of Forking Paths]]." Editorial Sur. |
* [[Jorge Luis Borges]] (1941). "[[The Garden of Forking Paths]]." Editorial Sur. |
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* [[Anne-Cécile Worms]], (2008) [http://www.m21editions.com/fr/art_num.shtml ''Arts Numériques: Tendances, Artistes, Lieux et Festivals''] M21 Editions 2008 ISBN: 2-916260-33-1. |
* [[Anne-Cécile Worms]], (2008) [http://www.m21editions.com/fr/art_num.shtml ''Arts Numériques: Tendances, Artistes, Lieux et Festivals''] M21 Editions 2008 ISBN: 2-916260-33-1. |
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* [[Sarah Cook (curator)|Sarah Cook]] & [[Beryl Graham]], ''Rethinking Curating: Art After New Media'', Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2010. ISBN 978-0-262-01388-8. |
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* [[Sarah Cook (curator)|Sarah Cook]], [[Verina Gfader]], [[Beryl Graham]] & [[Axel Lapp]], ''A Brief History of Curating New Media Art - Conversations with Curators'', Berlin: The Green Box, 2010. ISBN 978-3-941644-20-5. |
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* [[Sarah Cook (curator)|Sarah Cook]], [[Verina Gfader]], [[Beryl Graham]] & [[Axel Lapp]], ''A Brief History of Working with New Media Art - Conversations with Artists'', Berlin: The Green Box, 2010. ISBN 978-3-941644-21-2. |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
Revision as of 17:17, 26 July 2010
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Roy-csnewskool.png/200px-Roy-csnewskool.png)
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New media art is a genre that encompasses artworks created with new media technologies, including digital art, computer graphics, computer animation, virtual art, Internet art, interactive art technologies, computer robotics, and art as biotechnology. The term differentiates itself by its resulting cultural objects and social events, which can be seen in opposition to those deriving from old visual arts (i.e. traditional painting, sculpture, etc.) This concern with medium is a key feature of much contemporary art and indeed many art schools and major Universities now offer majors in "New Genres" or "New Media".[1] New Media Art often involves interaction between artist and observer.
New Media concerns are often derived from the telecommunications, mass media and digital modes of delivery the artworks involve, with practices ranging from conceptual to virtual art, performance to installation.
History
The origins of new media art can be traced to the moving photographic inventions of the late 19th Century such as the zoetrope (1834), the praxinoscope (1877) and Eadweard Muybridge's zoopraxiscope (1879).
During the 1960s the development of then new technologies of video produced the new media art experiments of Nam June Paik and Wolf Vostell, and multimedia performances of Fluxus. At the end of the 1980s the development of computer graphics, combined with real time technologies then in the 1990s with the spreading of the Web and the Internet favored the emerging of new and various forms of interactivity Lynn Hershman Leeson, David Rokeby, Perry Hoberman, telematic art Roy Ascott, Internet Vuk Ćosić, Jodi, virtual and immersive art Jeffrey Shaw, Maurice Benayoun and large scale urban installation Rafael Lozano-Hemmer.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WORLD_SKIN_%283%29.jpg/200px-WORLD_SKIN_%283%29.jpg)
Simultaneously advances in biotechnology have also allowed artists like Eduardo Kac to begin exploring DNA and genetics as a new art medium.
Contemporary New Media Art influences on new media art have been the theories developed around hypertext, databases, and networks. Important thinkers in this regard have been Vannevar Bush and Theodor Nelson with important contributions from the literary works of Jorge Luis Borges, Italo Calvino, Julio Cortázar, Lev Manovich, and Douglas Cooper. These elements have been especially revolutionary for the field of narrative and anti-narrative studies, leading explorations into areas such as non-linear and interactive narratives. A contemporary timeline of media art can be found here.[3]
Themes
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/A-Soapopera-for-iMacs.jpg/200px-A-Soapopera-for-iMacs.jpg)
In the book New Media Art, Mark Tribe and Reena Jana named several themes that contemporary new media art addresses, including computer art, collaboration, identity, appropriation, open sourcing, telepresence, surveillance, corporate parody, as well as intervention and hacktivism. (Tribe, Mark (2007-02-22). "New Media Art - Introduction". New Media Art. Taschen/Brown. Retrieved 2007-11-29. {{cite web}}
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Non-linearity can be seen as an important topic to new media art by artists like Bill Viola who explores the term as an approach to looking at varying forms of digital projects. This is a key concept since people acquired the notion that they were conditioned to view everything in a linear and clear-cut fashion. Now, art is stepping out of that form and allowing for people to build their own experiences with the piece. People always ask, "What is the difference between non-linearity and randomness?" Non-linearity describes a project that has freedom with certain parameters, whereas randomness has freedom and no boundaries whatsoever. Non-linear art usually requires the participation of an audience to reveal its non-linearity while random art, more-or-less, acts on its own. When looking at Public Secrets, one can see this piece as non-linear due to ideas stressed by people like Viola. In doing so, viewers can understand another theme in the many forms of new media art. The participatory aspect of new media art, which for some artists has become integral, emerged from Allan Kaprow's 'Happenings'.
The inter-connectivity and interactivity of the internet, as well as the fight between corporate interests, governmental interests, and public interests that gave birth to the web today, fascinate and inspire a lot of current New Media Art.
Many new media art projects also work with themes like politics and social consciousness, allowing for social activism through the interactive nature of the media. Some examples include Sharon Daniel's Public Secrets, a site that shows oppression and struggles behind the prison system in America; Applied Autonomy's Terminal Air, a site that demonstrates the practices of United States Central Intelligence Agency's extraordinary rendition program; Beyondmedia Education, a non-profit organization that collaborates with under-served women, youth, and communities to create and distribute media arts on social justice topics including gender violence and school safety; and Michael Mandiberg's The Oil Standard, a Firefox plugin that shows all prices of online products in the cost of barrels of crude oil.
Presentation & Preservation
As the technologies used to deliver works of new media art such as film, tapes, web browsers, software and operating systems become obsolete, New Media art faces serious issues around the challenge to preserve artwork beyond the time of its contemporary production. Currently, research projects into New media art preservation are underway to improve the preservation and documentation of the fragile media arts heritage (see DOCAM - Documentation and Conservation of the Media Arts Heritage).
Methods of preservation exist, including the translation of a work from an obsolete medium into a related new medium,[4] the digital archiving of media (see Internet Archive), and the use of emulators to preserve work dependent on obsolete software or operating system environments.[5][6]
Types
The term New Media Art is generally applied to disciplines such as:
- Artistic computer game modification
- Ascii Art
- Bio Art
- Computer art
- Digital art
- Digital poetry
- Tradigital art
- Electronic art
- Evolutionary art
- Generative art
- Glitch Art
- Hacktivism
- Hypertext
- Information art
- Interactive art
- Internet art
- Motion graphics
- Net art
- Performance art
- Radio art
- Robotic art
- Software art
- Sound art
- Systems art
- Telematic art
- Video art
- Virtual art
New media artists
- Miguel Álvarez-Fernández
- Carlos Amorales
- Cory Arcangel
- Roy Ascott
- Maurice Benayoun
- Jean-Jacques Birgé
- Oleg Buryan
- Micha Cárdenas
- Janet Cardiff
- Thomas Charvériat
- Brody Condon
- Ingeborg Fülepp
- Peter Benjamin Graham
- Phil Hansen
- Lynn Hershman
- Perry Hoberman
- Marc Horowitz
- G.H. Hovagimyan
- Kenneth Tin-Kin Hung
- Ryoji Ikeda
- Junichi Kakizaki
- Allan Kaprow
- KMA
- Knowbotic Research
- Myron Krueger
- Roy LaGrone
- Steve Lambert
- Golan Levin
- Teddy Lo
- Rafael Lozano-Hemmer
- Marita Liulia
- Machfeld
- John Maeda
- Judy Malloy
- Sergio Maltagliati
- Michael Mandiberg
- Lev Manovich
- Eva and Franco Mattes
- Scott McCloud
- Bjørn Melhus
- Christian Moeller
- Manfred Mohr
- Francesco Monico
- Cathy Marshall
- Michael Naimark
- Joseph Nechvatal
- Graham Nicholls
- Nsumi
- Marisa Olson
- Randall Packer
- Nam June Paik
- Zaven Paré
- Melinda Rackham
- Ken Rinaldo
- Don Ritter
- David Rokeby
- Jason Salavon
- Jeffrey Shaw
- Antoine Schmitt
- Scott Snibbe
- Camille Utterback
New media curators
See also
- Aspect magazine
- Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe
- CRUMB - Curatorial Resource for Upstart Media Bliss
- Digital art
- Digital Media
- Digital puppetry
- DOCAM: Documentation and Conservation of the Media Arts Heritage
- Electronic art
- Electronic Language International Festival
- Experiments in Art and Technology
- Interactive film
- Interactive Media
- Intermedia
- Net.art
- New Epoch Notation Painting
- New Media art festivals
- New media artist
- New Media Caucus
- New media art journals
- New media art preservation
References
![]() | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (August 2009) |
- ^ "Academy of Art New Media Degree"
- ^ Many universities and colleges offer program of study in Media Arts
- ^ Hoetzlein, 2009. Timeline of 20th c. Art and Media
- ^ Digital Rosetta Stone
- ^ Preserving the Rhizome ArtBase, a report by Richard Rinehart for Rhizome.org
- ^ Cultural Heritage as a Mediation of Digital Culture, a report by Nina Zschocke; Gabriele Blome; Monika Fleischmann for netzspannung.org
Further reading
- Wardrip-Fruin, Noah and Nick Montfort, ed. (2003). The New Media Reader. The MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-23227-8.
- Vannevar Bush (1945). "As We May Think" online at As We May Think – The Atlantic Monthly
- Roy Ascott (2003). Telematic Embrace: Visionary Theories of Art, Technology, and Consciousness (Ed.) Edward A. Shanken. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-21803-1
- Barreto, Ricardo and Perissinotto, Paula “the_culture_of_immanence”, in Internet Art. Ricardo Barreto e Paula Perissinotto (orgs.). São Paulo, IMESP, 2002. ISBN 85-7060-038-0.
- Christine Buci-Glucksmann, "L’art à l’époque virtuel", in Frontières esthétiques de l’art, Arts 8, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2004
- Lopes, Dominic McIver. (2009). A Philosophy of Computer Art. London: Routledge
- Frank Popper (2007) From Technological to Virtual Art, MIT Press/Leonardo Books
- Lev Manovich (2001). The Language of New Media Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press/Leonardo Books. ISBN 0-262-63255-1
- Dick Higgins, ‘Intermedia’ (1966), reprinted in Donna De Salvo (ed.), Open Systems Rethinking Art c. 1970, London: Tate Publishing, 2005
- Nicolas Bourriaud, (1997) Relational Aesthetics, Dijon: Les Presses du Réel, 2002, orig. 1997
- Charlie Gere, (2002) Digital Culture, Reaktion ISBN 978-1-86189-143-3
- Lev Manovich, Ten Key Texts on Digital Art: 1970-2000 Leonardo - Volume 35, Number 5, October 2002, pp. 567-569
- Charlie Gere, (2006) White Heat, Cold Logic: Early British Computer Art, co-edited with Paul Brown, Catherine Mason and Nicholas Lambert, MIT Press/Leonardo Books
- Graham, Philip Mitchell, New Epoch Art, InterACTA: Journal of the Art Teachers Association of Victoria, Published by ACTA, Parkville, Victoria, No 4, 1990, ISSN 0159-9135, Cited In APAIS. This database is available on the, Informit Online Internet Service or on CD-ROM, or on Australian Public Affairs - Full Text
- Mark Hansen, (2004) New Philosophy for New Media (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press)
- Rainer Usselmann, (2003)"The Dilemma of Media Art: Cybernetic Serendipity at the ICA London", Cambridge, Masschusetts: The MIT Press/Leonardo Journal - Volume 36, Number 5, pp. 389-396
- Rainer Usselmann, (2002)"About Interface: Actualisation and Totality", University of Southampton
- Paul, Christiane (2003). Digital Art (World of Art series). London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-20367-9.
- Fleischmann, Monika and Reinhard, Ulrike (eds.). Digital Transformations - Media Art as at the Interface between Art, Science, Economy and Society online at netzspannung.org, 2004, ISBN 3-934013-38-4
- Monika Fleischmann / Wolfgang Strauss (eds.) (2001). Proceedings of »CAST01//Living in Mixed Realities« Intl. Conf. On Communication of Art, Science and Technology, Fraunhofer IMK 2001, 401. ISSN 1618–1379 (Print), ISSN 1618–1387 (Internet).
- Gatti, Gianna Maria. (2010) The Technological Herbarium. Avinus Press, Berlin, 2010 (edited, translated from the Italian, and with a preface by Alan N. Shapiro). online at alan-shapiro.com
- Oliver Grau (2003). Virtual Art: From Illusion to Immersion (Leonardo Book Series). Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press/Leonardo Books. ISBN 0-262-07241-6.
- Frank Popper (1997) Art of the Electronic Age, Thames & Hudson
- Robert C. Morgan, Commentaries on the New Media Arts Pasadena, CA: Umbrella Associates,1992
- Oliver Grau (2007). (Ed.) MediaArtHistories. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press/Leonardo Books. ISBN 0-262-07279-3.
- Edward A. Shanken Selected Writings on Art and Technology http://artexetra.com
- Edward A. Shanken Art and Electronic Media. London: Phaidon, 2009. ISBN 978-0-7148-4782-5
- Christine Buci-Glucksmann, La folie du voir: Une esthétique du virtuel, Galilée, 2002
- Mark Tribe and Reena Jana. New Media Art. https://wiki.brown.edu/confluence/x/Wkg
- Whitelaw, Mitchell (2004). Metacreation: Art and Artificial Life Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-73176-2.
- Wands, Bruce (2006). Art of the Digital Age, London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-23817-0.
- Youngblood, Gene (1970). Expanded Cinema. New York. E.P. Dutton & Company.
- Janet Murray (2003). "Inventing the Medium", The New Media Reader. MIT Press.
- Lev Manovich (2003. "New Media from Borges to HTML", The New Media Reader. MIT Press.
- Jorge Luis Borges (1941). "The Garden of Forking Paths." Editorial Sur.
- Anne-Cécile Worms, (2008) Arts Numériques: Tendances, Artistes, Lieux et Festivals M21 Editions 2008 ISBN: 2-916260-33-1.
- Sarah Cook & Beryl Graham, Rethinking Curating: Art After New Media, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2010. ISBN 978-0-262-01388-8.
- Sarah Cook, Verina Gfader, Beryl Graham & Axel Lapp, A Brief History of Curating New Media Art - Conversations with Curators, Berlin: The Green Box, 2010. ISBN 978-3-941644-20-5.
- Sarah Cook, Verina Gfader, Beryl Graham & Axel Lapp, A Brief History of Working with New Media Art - Conversations with Artists, Berlin: The Green Box, 2010. ISBN 978-3-941644-21-2.
External links
![]() | This article's use of external links may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. (August 2009) |
- "Academy of Art New Media Degree"
- ASPECT- The Chronicle of New Media Art
- AV-arkki - AV-arkki, Distribution Centre For Finnish Media Art
- Digitalarti- New media art collaborative community
- Center for Experimental Media Arts
- Department for Image Science, Danube University
- FILE electronic language international festival New Media Festival
- Glare Media Art Resources - Pioneering Media Art International Distribution
- Karlsruhe University of Art and Design - Media art and theory graduate and doctoral courses
- LEONARDO- Leonardo/The International Society for the Arts, Sciences and Technology
- LAb[au] - laboratory for architecture and urbanism
- Monoskop/log - Living archive of writings on art, culture and media technology
- Media art in Central and Eastern Europe at Monoskop wiki research
- Mediateca Media Art space
- Monoskop - collaborative wiki research on social history of media art
- Media Arts at Eastern Oregon University - innovative new media art program offering degrees in three concentrations; digital media, journalism, and film studies.
- NMC – New Media Caucus, CAA Affiliate Society
- CyLand MediaLab - new artistic laboratory created by St. Petersburg branch of National Center for Contemporary Arts, Russia
- NAMAC- The National Alliance for Media Arts and Culture
- NewMediaArtProjectNetwork: Cologne - experimental platform for art and New Media
- RHIZOME- An online resource and blog about contemporary new media artists (connected to the New Museum)
- Share - international organization supporting 'open multimedia jams' throughout the world
- SWITCH- An online journal of contemporary media culture