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Malema has made numerous disparaging and insulting remarks, aspesions and allegations regarding opposition parties and their leaders, including the [[Congress of the People (South African political party)|COPE]],<ref name="Ngcukana2009-01-10" /><ref name="Mbanjwa2009-02-25" /><ref name="shilowa-tilt-allafrica"/> the [[Inkatha Freedom Party]],<ref name="Buthelezi2009-02-05"/><ref name="News242009-02-12"/><ref name="redi-interview-radio702"/> the [[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|Democratic Alliance]]<ref name="Mbanjwa2009-02-25" /><ref name="Spit2009-09-14" /><ref name="Mbanjwa2009-03-27"/><ref name="Smook2009-02-23"/><ref name="DuPlessis2009-02-24"/><ref name="DuPlessis2009-02-24" /><ref name="Karrim2009-02-14"/>
Malema has made numerous disparaging and insulting remarks, aspesions and allegations regarding opposition parties and their leaders, including the [[Congress of the People (South African political party)|COPE]],<ref name="Ngcukana2009-01-10" /><ref name="Mbanjwa2009-02-25" /><ref name="shilowa-tilt-allafrica"/> the [[Inkatha Freedom Party]],<ref name="Buthelezi2009-02-05"/><ref name="News242009-02-12"/><ref name="redi-interview-radio702"/> the [[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|Democratic Alliance]]<ref name="Mbanjwa2009-02-25" /><ref name="Spit2009-09-14" /><ref name="Mbanjwa2009-03-27"/><ref name="Smook2009-02-23"/><ref name="DuPlessis2009-02-24"/><ref name="DuPlessis2009-02-24" /><ref name="Karrim2009-02-14"/>
,<ref name="redi-interview-radio702"/><ref name="zille-sues-satanism-iol"/> the [[United Democratic Movement]],<ref name="Khumalo2009-03-27"/> the [[Independent Democrats]]<ref name="id-comment-businessday"/><ref name="id-comment-citizen"/><ref name="id-comment-iol"/><ref name="id-comment-politicsweb"/> and the [[Pan Africanist Congress]].<ref name="pac-sharpeville-iol-1"/><ref name="pac-sharpeville-eyewitnessnews"/>
,<ref name="redi-interview-radio702"/><ref name="zille-sues-satanism-iol"/> the [[United Democratic Movement]],<ref name="Khumalo2009-03-27"/> the [[Independent Democrats]]<ref name="id-comment-businessday"/><ref name="id-comment-citizen"/><ref name="id-comment-iol"/><ref name="id-comment-politicsweb"/> and the [[Pan Africanist Congress]].<ref name="pac-sharpeville-iol-1"/><ref name="pac-sharpeville-eyewitnessnews"/>
[[The Pan Africanist Youth Congress of Azania]] (Payco), which had previously accused Malema of having "bourgeois and opportunistic tendencies",<ref name="pac-comment-iol"/> threatened to kill Malema over his statements regarding the Sharpeville massacre.<ref name="pac-sharpeville-iol-2"/>
[[The Pan Africanist Youth Congress of Azania]] (Payco), which had previously accused Malema of having "bourgeois and opportunistic tendencies",<ref name="pac-comment-iol"/> threatened to kill Malema over his statements regarding the [[Sharpeville massacre]].<ref name="pac-sharpeville-iol-2"/>


=== Opinions on the economy ===
=== Opinions on the economy ===

Revision as of 03:04, 3 February 2011

Girls with Malema on their t-shirts at the World Festival of Youth and Students in Johannesburg 2010.
Julius Sello Malema
President of the ANC Youth League
In office
April 2008 – Incumbent
Vice PresidentAndile Lungisa
Preceded byFikile Mbalula
Personal details
Born (1981-03-03) 3 March 1981 (age 43)
Seshego
NationalitySouth African
Political partyAfrican National Congress
NicknameJu Ju

Julius Sello Malema (born 3 March 1981, in Seshego) is a South African politician, and the president of the African National Congress Youth League. Convicted of hate speech in March 2010,[1][2][3] Malema occupies a notably controversial position in South African public and political life; having risen to prominence with his vociferous support for African National Congress president, and later President of South Africa, Jacob Zuma. He has been described by both Zuma[4] and the Premier of Limpopo Province as the "future leader" of South Africa,[5] although less favourable portraits paint him as a "reckless populist", and a "demagogue", with the potential to destabilise South Africa[6] and to spark racial conflict[7]

Early life and career

Malema, a Pedi, was raised by a single parent, a domestic worker in Seshego township, Limpopo.[8][9] According to varying reports he joined the Masupatsela ("Trailblazers") pioneer movement of the African National Congress at age nine,[9] age ten[8] or age 14,[10] where, according to Malema, their main task was to remove National Party posters placed outside police stations.[9] Most reports agree that he was receiving military training by the age of 14, which is when he joined the ANC Youth League; according to Malema himself he was receiving training in the handling of firearms by age 13.[9] At that time South Africa was already in the post-apartheid era, with the ANC having won the elections in 1994.

Education

His school career was undistinguished and he failed two high school grades[8] as well as several subjects in his final secondary school examination.[11][12] He finished his secondary school education at age 21.[11][13]

Political career

Early political career

Malema was elected a chairman of the Youth League branch in Seshego and the regional chairman in 1995. In 1997 he became the chairman of the Congress of South African Students (Cosas) for the Limpopo province, and was elected as the national president of that organisation in 2001.[14] In 2002, Malema led a Cosas march by school pupils, through the streets of Johannesburg that was marked by serious incidents of violence and looting.[13] Malema claimed that this was caused by the march being hijacked by thieves.

Election as leader of ANC Youth League

Malema was elected as the president of the ANC Youth League in April 2008, in a close race at a national conference held in Bloemfontein.[15] The election – and the conference – were characterised by what Malema himself later described as "unbecoming conduct".[16] Allegations of irregularities in the polling procedure saw the conference adjourned shortly after the election results were announced.[17] It was resumed only in late June, when Malema's election was officially accepted.[18] The integrity of his election has been criticised and questioned.[19]

April 2010 Zimbabwe visit

In 2 April 2010, Malema visited Zimbabwe, in what was described as a visit on indigenisation. He was expected to meet Zimbabwean president Robert Mugabe. Upon landing in Harare, Malema was greeted by Zanu-PF supporters as well as Zimbabwe's Youth and Indigenization Minister Saviour Kasukuwere, and ZANU-PF Youth Chairman Absolom Sikhosana, as well as Zimbabwean business figures who had risen to prominence in recent years.[20] Those who greeted him at the airport sang the "Shoot the Boer" song, which Malema had just been barred from singing by a South African court (see below). Morgan Tsvangirai, Zimbabwean Prime Minister, condemned Malema's visit, after Malema criticised Tsvangirai's party, the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC).[21] During the visit, he described Tsvangirai as an ally of "imperialists", and called for the Zimbabwe-style seizure of mines and farms in South Africa (see below).[22] Youth organisations in Zimbabwe criticised Malema's visit, citing his controversial racial statements and alleged corruption.[23] Malema's comments during the visit sparked fears that South Africa would follow Zimbabwe's chaotic land reform example.[23] Malema also blamed the MDC for introducing political violence to Zimbabwe, and defended Robert Mugabe's political and human rights record.[24]

On Malema's return from Zimbabwe, the ANC Youth league released a statement praising Mugabe and Zimbabwe's land seizures. It also called on South Africa's youth to follow the example of young people in Zimbabwe, and to engage in agriculture in order to reduce their dependence on white farmers.[25] During a press conference regarding his trip to Zimbabwe, Malema praised Governor of the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe Gideon Gono, even though President Zuma had previously requested that Gono step down from his position, as part of Zuma's mediation efforts in Zimbabwe.[26]

Malema's visit came while President Jacob Zuma was trying to broker a political settlement in Zimbabwe, and reportedly caused concern among ANC officials, however, Zuma himself blessed the visit.[27] The ANC, in a statement, later distanced itself from the ANC Youth League's electoral support of ZANU-PF.[28]

On 10 April 2010, at a news conference in addressing the controversies involving Malema in Durban, Zuma repeated that the ANC "cannot and will not side with any one of the parties to the exclusion of others" in Zimbabwe.[29] Senior ANC leaders interviewed by the Sunday Times said that Zuma, who had previously and repeatedly defended Malema, had his hand forced by Malema's Zimbabwe visit and subsequent comments.[30]

Incident involving BBC journalist

On 8 April 2010, at a Johannesburg media briefing covering his visit to Zimbabwe, Malema was involved in a racial abuse incident with Jonah Fisher, a BBC journalist.[31] Malema had been criticising the Movement for Democratic Change for having offices in affluent Sandton, when BBC journalist Jonah Fisher commented that Malema himself lived in Sandton. Malema lashed out at Fisher, calling him a "bastard", an "agent", and accusing him of having "white tendencies" and "rubbish" in his trousers, after Fisher qualified Malema's comments as rubbish.[32][33][34][35][36][37] Malema was unapologetic about his actions, and accused Fisher of being disrespectful, and of coming from a country [the UK] which undermined the credibility and integrity of African leaders.[38] After the incident, Malema, who had been protected for months by Jacob Zuma, said he expected an apology from Fisher[39] However, the next day, the ANC issued a statement condemning Malema's actions during the news conference.[28][39] On 10 April 2010, at a Durban news conference, where he characterised Malema's conduct as "alien to the ANC",[40] President Jacob Zuma criticised Malema's behaviour [41] saying that "the manner in which a BBC journalist was treated at an ANC Youth League press conference is regrettable and unacceptable, regardless of any alleged provocation on his part", and said that he had spoken to Malema about his conduct by telephone.[29][42] Malema remained defiant after Zuma's rebuke.,[40] unfavourably comparing Zuma to his predecessor Thabo Mbeki,[43] whom the ANC Youth League had helped Zuma oust saying "in politics there are no permanent friends and no permanent enemies...conditions will dictate how we relate to each other." [44]

Disciplinary procedures by ANC

On 18 April 2010, it was reported that Malema faced disciplinary procedures by the ANC for bringing it and the government into disrepute.[45][46] The charges related to his endorsement of Robert Mugabe's ZANU-PF party during his visit to Zimbabwe, when President Jacob Zuma was trying to broker a negotiated settlement in the country, a controversial incident involving a BBC journalist, his comments on the murder of Eugène Terre'Blanche, disobeying an ANC order not to discuss the killing, and unfavorably comparing Zuma to his predecessor Thabo Mbeki, after Zuma called a press conference reprimanding Malema.[47] However, by 20 April 2010, it was reported that Zuma had a change of heart, and decided against charging Malema.[7][47] Later that day, the ANC announced that it had begun formulating charges against Malema.[48] Julius Malema faced a "hostile" disciplinary committee on 3 May 2010.[49]

On 11 May 2010, Malema entered into a plea bargain, and three of the charges against him were dropped (the attack on the BBC journalist, his endorsement of Mugabe, and his singing of "shoot the Boer" after it was banned). He pleaded guilty to criticising Zuma after Zuma publicly censured him, and was ordered by the disciplinary committee to make a public apology for his conduct, fined R10 000, to be donated to a youth development project, and to attend anger management classes. He was also warned of suspension from the ANC if he re-offended within two years. Malema complied, apologising "unconditionally", stating that he accepted that his "conduct and public utterances should at all times reflect respect and restraint".

Other Activities as Youth League president

He was "booted" out of Port Elizabeth's Dora Nginza Hospital after the head of the hospital spotted him and 20 other ANC members campaigning in the wards for the April 2009 election.[50] Malema also began visiting schools. These visits were criticised by Deputy President of South Africa, and of the ANC, Kgalema Motlanthe for being disruptive to education.[51]

Malema was involved in an incident involving the alleged illegal use of a police blue light when stopped for speeding in Limpopo. This incident was raised in Parliament.[52][53]

Malema was involved in a number of controversies in the latter half of 2009. He became involved in the Caster Semenya controversy, and defended former Athletics South Africa head Leonard Chuene, calling for a boycott of Nedbank. He also became involved in the controversy surrounding the dismissal of Eskom chief executive Jacob Maroga, accusing Eskom chairman Bobby Godsell of racism (the ANC later defended Godsell against charges of racism).[54]

In early 2010, Malema urged ANC Youth League members to join the South African National Defence Force, and said that there were plans for the Youth League leadership to join the reservist programme.[55] The military training was confirmed in May 2010, with the naval [56] training due to commence in September 2010.[57]

In March 2010, in what was widely held to be a rebuke of Malema, the ANC's National Executive Committee (NEC) lashed out at the "new culture of public feuds, insults and personal attacks" and adopted a policy of disciplining those who became involved in public disputes with members of the governing ANC-SACP-COSATU alliance.[58]

Malema visited popular musician Jub Jub (Molemo Maarohanye) in prison on 17 March 2010, allegedly meeting with him privately, and sharing a meal with him. Maarohanye had been arrested and charged with murder following an incident in Soweto where he allegedly ran over and killed four schoolboys during an illegal street race. The alleged murders had provoked widespread community outrage.[59] Malema had reportedly been scheduled to visit the parents of the boys the previous week, but had not kept the appointment.[60]

Malema's bid for a second term as Youth League president received a boost in 2010 when a number Eastern Cape ANC Youth League regional conferences in the Eastern Cape elected candidates loyal to him,[61] amid allegations of irregularities from Malema's opponents.[62] Branches of the Youth League in Malema's home province, Limpopo, that were opposed to Malema were initially blocked from voting for leaders in that province, however, they were later admitted to vote, and a fiercely contested race had been expected.[39] At the Limpopo meeting, which was characterised by violence, including stone throwing by rival factions, Malema reportedly threw a chair at a delegate who supported his rival, and Malema's rivals and journalists were reportedly ejected by police, at the behest of Malema.[63][64] Video later emerged of Malema ordering police to remove rivals from the conference.[65]

Malema led a youth delegation to Venezuela to study that country's nationalisation programme in April 2010.[66]

Involvement in state contracts

Reports about Malema's involvement in state tenders (contracts)[19] began appearing in November 2009.[67] By February 2010, questions about his lifestyle were raised by the South African media.[68][69][70][71][72][73][74] In this regard he has been labelled a Tenderpreneurby some commentators.

Reports that he made R130 million from tendered state contracts in his home province, Limpopo, were widely published,[75][76][77] although Malema denied the allegations, claiming he resigned from the companies when becoming ANC Youth League president, it emerged later that one of the companies was established a month after his election.[78] When questioned about his lifestyle, Malema blamed the allegations on racism in South Africa, and that white people did not want to see black people succeed in SA.[73]

As the controversy developed, it was reported that Malema was facing a challenge to his leadership. He also provoked the ire of the ANC's left-wing alliance partners,[79] amid calls for the tenders he was awarded to be investigated.[80] The ANC Youth League declared discussion "closed" about his business dealings, however, following a week of intense media pressure, which included Malema accusing one of the media outlets, City Press of forging his signature on documents that showed he was still a director, a press conference was called by the League to "clarify" issues.[78]

The South African Minister of Transport announced that an investigation would be launched into the construction of several roads and bridges, built by one of Malema's companies in Limpopo, SGL Projects, which were allegedly washed away by rains soon after being built due to extremely poor build quality.[81][82] Malema's company was also implicated in a failed project in Mpumalanga amid allegations that the tender was awarded by the mayor to "buy Malema's protection".[83]

Malema also came under scrutiny for possible tax evasion in relation to his business interests. According to reports, he was being investigated by a senior team within the South African Revenue Service (SARS).[84] In April 2010, it emerged that SARS had demanded documentation related to tenders from Municipalities which had allegedly been awarded to Malema's companies.[85]

In March 2010, addressing the allegations at a rally at a university campus, Malema, sang the struggle song "shoot the Boer"[86] (see below), and lashed out at opposition politicians. He also attacked COSATU general secretary Zwelinzima Vavi.[87][88]

In August 2010, the Public Protector released a report regarding Malema's involvement in state contracts.[89]

Threats to expose journalists

A few weeks after the tender controversy was first reported, the ANC Youth League released the personal details of City Press Investigations Editor Dumisane Lubisi, his wife and his children, including their identity numbers, bank details, residential address and vehicle details.[90] Lubisi had reported on the poor construction quality of the Limpopo projects carried out by Malema's firms.[91][92]

The City Press, in an editorial, claimed that Malema's actions were as a result of him being "cornered".[93] The ANCYL stated that it had information on journalists sleeping with politicians in return for stories. It further claimed that journalists accepted bribes in return for stories.[94][95] In response, a large group of political journalists complained [96] to various authorities within the ANC and to the South African National Editors' Forum (SANEF) stating that they viewed the release as an attempt to intimidate them into not publishing further stories, and as a threat to media freedom. They further questioned how a political organisation obtained sensitive personal information without breaking the law.[97][98] The Sowetan newspaper, in an editorial, called the steps to silence journalists "tyrannical", and accused the ANC Youth league of exploiting its closeness to "state and institutional power", to intimidate journalists who wrote about Malema.[99] SANEF also released a statement supporting the journalists.[100]

Malema then issued a statement that the ANCYL would continue to expose journalists [101]

Depiction in mainstream media

Malema is known for his controversial statements and has become a frequent target for lampooning. Initially, Cartoonists Zapiro and Jeremy Nell frequently drew him dressed in nappies.[102][103] Some analysts depict him as an orator, with a broad appeal in the young, poor black electorate.[104] More recently, as Malema's public profile has grown, he has been described by critics in the media as a "demagogue",[6] with some journalists comparing him to Idi Amin,[105] and Robert Mugabe [106] because of his controversial views.[45]

Controversial statements

Support for political leaders under criminal investigation

He has expressed vociferous support for both Winnie Madikizela-Mandela[107] and Jacob Zuma.[108][109][110] In an address to a Youth Day rally in Thaba Nchu, where Zuma was in attendance, Malema said, "Let us make it clear now: we are prepared to die for Zuma. Not only that, we are prepared to take up arms and kill for Zuma."

The remark drew widespread condemnation and complaints. The ANC partially distanced itself from the statement the following day,[111] former Archbishop Desmond Tutu called on Malema to apologise,[112] and complaints were laid with the South African Human Rights Commission by several opposition political parties, the General Council of the Bar of South Africa and individuals.[113] The complaints were settled by an agreement between Malema and the Commission.[114]

March 2010 hate speech conviction

On March 15, 2010 Malema was convicted of hate speech by the Equality Court , fined R50 000 and ordered to apologise unconditionally,[1][2][3] following a 2009 incident when he told a group of Cape Town students, at a South African Students' Congress (SASCO) meeting that the woman who accused ANC president Jacob Zuma of rape had a "nice time" with him because in the morning she had "requested breakfast and taxi money"[115] Following the conviction SASCO expressed "delight" at the ruling, and attacked Malema for the "gratuitous abuse" of the platform that SASCO granted him [116]

Statements concerning ANC members

In February 2009, he was criticized by his own party when he mocked Education Minister Naledi Pandor for having what he termed a "fake American accent (when her accent is patently British)."[117] He subsequently apologised directly to her after being told to do so by the ANC.[118] He was surprised when his grandmother also called him to complain.[119]

"Shoot the boer" song

In March 2010, at a rally on a university campus, at which Malema discussed allegations of his involvement in government contracts (see below), Malema sang the lyrics "shoot the Boer" (Dubul' ibhunu[120]) from the anti-apartheid song Ayasab' amagwala (the cowards are scared)[121] ("Boer" is the Afrikaans word for "farmer", but is also used as a derogatory term for any white person[122][123]). His singing was compared to similar chants by deceased Youth League leader Peter Mokaba in the early 1990s, to "kill the boer",[121] which had previously been defined as hate speech by the South African Human Rights Commission.[124]

Malema's singing of the song led to a barrage of complaints against him, both to the police, and to the commission.[124][125]

The ANC said "We wouldn't appreciate any statements against any member of our society, including whites... they are also South Africans", however, it "had not taken a decision in the matter".[126] ANC spokesman Jackson Mthembu later defended Malema's singing of the song saying the lyrics of the song had been quoted out of context and that it was not meant to attack boers.[127] Jacob Zuma also defended Malema while stressing that he hadn't said that Malema is right and pointing out that former ANCYL president Fikile Mbalula, who is now deputy minister of police, had quietened down.[128]

The Southern Gauteng High Court ruled on 26 March 2010 that Malema's song (which he had continued singing at public gatherings [129]) was "unconstitutional and unlawful", and that any person singing it could face charges of incitement to murder, stating that the song called for the killing of the "farmer/white man", however, the ANC defended the song.[130] The ANC announced it would appeal the ruling. The Northern Gauteng High Court, on 1 April 2010 then granted an interdict preventing Malema from "from publicly uttering the words of the song identified in the applicant's founding affidavit 'Avudubele Ibulu', and from uttering and singing any songs or communicate lyrics using words of a similar nature, which can reasonably be understood or construed as being capable of instigating violence, distrust and/or hatred between black and white citizens in the Republic of South Africa" until the matter was heard by the Equality Court, to which the case was referred by the presiding judge.[131][132]

Following the court order, during an April 2010 visit to Zimbabwe, the song was sung by Malema[133] and the crowd. Malema said he would continue singing the song in defiance of the court order, and that the judges who granted the interdict were "white males who were refusing to change",[22] saying "this is the court ruling of the white men in South Africa but we are not going to obey it".[134][135]

Death of Eugène Terre'Blanche, and ANC moratorium on singing of song

Malema's singing of the song was linked to the 3 April 2010 murder [120] of Eugène Terre'Blanche.[134] Many opposition parties urged Malema and the ANC to stop singing the song, with former President FW de Klerk saying that the singing of the song may not have led to the murder of Terre'Blanche, but saying "at the very least it may have contributed to an atmosphere in which impressionable young black farm workers might have felt that their actions were somehow justified".[136] The office of President Jacob Zuma said that Zuma's calls for "responsible leadership" in the aftermath of the murder extended to Malema as well.[136] Malema denied that his singing of the song led to Terre'Blanche's death, which took place while Malema was on a visit to Zimbabwe,.[23] Malema said he was "ready to die", and defended the singing of the song, which he had sung numerous times while in Zimbabwe.[24]

In the aftermath of Terre'Blanche's death, on 7 April 2010, senior leaders of the ANC temporarily banned the singing of the song, amid concerns that struggle songs were being used to "scapegoat" the ANC and to further racial hatred, and because of concerns that ANC leaders who continued singing the songs may have been in contempt of the court orders banning the singing of the song (the song was also sung, in defiance of the court orders, by female leaders of the ANC, on Tuesday, 6 April 2010)[137] However it appeared that the ANC Youth League would not abide by the order.[138][139][140] At an 8 April 2010 news conference, Malema said that the words "shoot the boer" would be substituted in South Africa,[141][142] however during the same news conference, he sang another song about beating up white farmers,[143] also criticising Terre'Blanche [142] in defiance [144][145] of ANC instruction not to engage in public debate regarding the murder.[146] President Jacob Zuma, at a 10 April 2010 news conference said Malema was "totally out of order" for ignoring ANC instructions to obey the court order banning the singing the song. Zuma emphasised the constitutional role of the judiciary and the rule of law, and also said that the role of the judiciary "as the final arbiter in disputes" had to be respected, and that defiance of the proper procedures in place to challenge judicial rulings, made a "mockery of the judicial system" and "should not be tolerated".[41][42]

Comments about minorities in government

Following the appointment of Gill Marcus, a white woman, as Governor of the South African Reserve Bank, Malema complained that "minorities" (whites, Coloureds and Indians) ran what he defined as the "economic cluster" in the South African cabinet, in reference to finance minister Pravin Gordhan, economic development minister Ebrahim Patel, planning minister Trevor Manuel and Barbara Hogan, Minister of Public Enterprises.[147][148][149][150] These comments were controversial, as they contradicted the ANC's long-running policy of non-racialism.[151] The ANC's alliance partner, the SACP, referring to the statement warned against a "narrow African chauvinism".[152][153] President Jacob Zuma's office also defended the appointments.[154]

Comments regarding opposition parties

Malema has made numerous disparaging and insulting remarks, aspesions and allegations regarding opposition parties and their leaders, including the COPE,[107][109][155] the Inkatha Freedom Party,[156][157][158] the Democratic Alliance[109][119][159][160][161][161][162] ,[158][163] the United Democratic Movement,[164] the Independent Democrats[165][166][167][168] and the Pan Africanist Congress.[169][170] The Pan Africanist Youth Congress of Azania (Payco), which had previously accused Malema of having "bourgeois and opportunistic tendencies",[171] threatened to kill Malema over his statements regarding the Sharpeville massacre.[172]

Opinions on the economy

Malema has opined on Jacob Zuma's understanding of the economy, saying that it amounted to "put a bread on the table (sic), we don't want sophistication".[173]

Nationalisation

Malema became a vocal advocate of nationalising South African mines.[174] Although the ANC, including Mining Minister Susan Shabangu, and president Jacob Zuma[175] made it clear that this was not ANC policy,[176] Malema continued to advocate this position, attacking Shabangu and De Beers chairman Nicky Oppenheimer,[175][177] as well as the secretary general of the ANC-allied South African Communist Party, Jeremy Cronin, who he called a "white messiah".[178] His calls for nationalisation reportedly unnerved investors in South Africa.[179] In April 2010, Malema said that South Africa belonged to "foreigners", and also said that his calls for nationalisation would not scare investors, and if they were scared away, the Chinese would take their place, claiming that "the Chinese will work with anybody".[180] Malema testified before a Parliamentary committee to discuss his views on nationalisation, which he claimed would become law in 2012, and was praised by ANC Members of Parliament.[181] President Zuma, later reiterated in parliament that nationalisation was not ANC policy,[182] and Zuma's views were repeated to European investors by ANC Secretary General Gwede Mantashe who expressed doubts that nationalisation would become ANC policy.[183] Malema's Nationalization rhetoric is not shared by the workers doing the actual mining, as South Africa's National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) said on Aug. 24 it was against the blanket nationalisation of mines and urged the government instead to invest in the sector through a state-owned company.

Involvement in bid for stake in ASA Metals

On 14 March 2010, the Sunday Times reported that Malema had originally been a member of a consortium that had bid on a R250 million stake in a ferrochrome mining operation, ASA Metals, in his native Limpopo province. Later Malema had been "removed" from the coalition, and within two months of his "removal", in October 2009, he began calling for the nationalisation of mines.[184]

It further reported that Malema had softened his position on nationalisation after the stake was finally awarded in early 2010, and that he had emerged as a major lobbyist in the deal. The newspaper stated that Malema may have started the nationalisation debate as a means of pressuring the majority owner of the mine, Chinese company Sinosteel to relinquish its stake in the mine. The paper further reported that senior ANC politicians in Limpopo believed that he started the nationalisation debate to divert attention away from the deal. The ANCYL, through spokesman Floyd Shivambu denied that Malema benefitted from the deal, and "played down" the league's stance on nationalisation when asked for comment.[185]

Comments in Zimbabwe

In April 2010, during a visit to Zimbabwe Malema again called for the nationalisation of mines, saying he would intensify his campaign for the confiscation of mines, following the example of Zimbabwe's land expropriations[22][133]:

"We want the mines. They have been exploiting our minerals for a long time. Now it's our turn to also enjoy from these minerals. They are so bright, they are colourful, we refer to them as white people, maybe their colour came as a result of exploiting our minerals and perhaps if some of us can get opportunities in these minerals we can develop some nice colour like them."

and

"In SA we are just starting. Here in Zimbabwe you are already very far"

He also advocated negotiated settlements, saying violence was not an option. If an election was lost, it called for taking "two, three steps backwards and strategise and say this is how we are recapturing power." He also told empowerment Minister Saviour Kasukuwere "We do not want an empowerment policy of cronies and those that are close to the corridors of power." [186]

However, in August 2010 he called for current Zimbabwean president Robert Mugabe to step down despite his admiration for the land redistribution programme, stating that he does not believe in "permanent leadership" and that the "young chaps" are better equipped to engage the masses.[187]

Malema continued publicly defending the policies of Mugabe's government.[188]

References

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  3. ^ a b "Parties Welcome Malema Conviction". News24. 15 March 2010.
  4. ^ "Bottle-feeding this young baby monster Juju". Sowetan. 8 March 2010.
  5. ^ Mohlahlana, Cathy (3 March 2010). "Malema a 'future leader'". Primedia Online.
  6. ^ a b "Rein in this demagogue". Sowetan. 2 September 2009.
  7. ^ a b Govender, Peroshni (20 April 2010). "South Africa's Malema to Escape ANC Discipline". Reuters.
  8. ^ a b c Pillay, Verashni (18 June 2008). "One-on-One with Julius Malema". News24. Retrieved 3 November 2009.
  9. ^ a b c d Makatile, Don (5 May 2008). "Child Soldier ... to Politician". Sowetan. Retrieved 3 November 2009.
  10. ^ Matlala, Alex (6 March 2008). "Malema boost as ancyl head". Sowetan. Retrieved 3 November 2009.
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