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2021 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

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2021 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedApril 2, 2021
Last system dissipatedSeason ongoing
Strongest storm
NameTauktae
 • Maximum winds195 km/h (120 mph)
(3-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure950 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Depressions3
Deep depressions2
Cyclonic storms2
Severe cyclonic storms1
Very severe cyclonic storms1
Extremely severe cyclonic storms1
Total fatalities174 total
Total damage$2.1 billion (2021 USD)
Related articles
North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone seasons
2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023

The 2021 North Indian Ocean cyclone season is an ongoing event of the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with the peak from May to November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. The season began on April 2, when a depression designated as BOB 01 was formed in the north Andaman Sea and quickly made a landfall in Myanmar. As of May, the strongest tropical cyclone is Cyclone Tauktae with a maximum speed of 195 km/h (120 mph) and minimum barometric pressure of 950 hPa (28.05 inHg).

The scope of this article is limited to the Indian Ocean in the Northern Hemisphere, east of the Horn of Africa and west of the Malay Peninsula. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean — the Arabian Sea to the west of the Indian subcontinent, abbreviated ARB by the India Meteorological Department (IMD); and the Bay of Bengal to the east, abbreviated BOB by the IMD.

The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center releases unofficial advisories. On average, three to four cyclonic storms form in this basin every season.[1]

Season summary

Cyclone Tauktae

No systems formed in the basin until April 2, when a depression near the Myanmar coast in the North Andaman Sea formed, however it dissipated the next day. It was considered rare since the storm formation usually begins from mid-April to May. After over a month of inactivity, another depression formed off the coast of Kerala and Lakshadweep. It intensified into a deep depression on the same day and later into a cyclonic storm, being assigned the name Tauktae by the IMD. It continued intensifying, and on May 17, Tauktae peaked as an extremely severe cyclonic storm before making landfall on Gujarat hours later, dissipating on May 19. A few days after Tauktae dissipated, a depression formed in the Bay of Bengal on May 23.

Systems

Depression BOB 01

Depression (IMD)
 
DurationApril 2 – April 3
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

On March 31 at 00:00 UTC (05:30 IST), a low-pressure system formed south of the Andaman Sea. It gradually intensified into a well-marked low-pressure area on April 1 at 09:00 UTC (14:30 IST). Favourable conditions helped to intensify the system into a depression on April 2 at 00:00 UTC (05:30 IST). On April 3 at 06:00 UTC (11:30 IST), it moved north-northeastwards towards the Myanmar coast and IMD downgraded the system to a low-pressure area.[2]

The influence of the system caused light to moderate rainfall in most places of Andaman Islands and heavy rainfall in few places. The system's remnant low caused isolated rainfall over the Myanmar coast. Estimated winds of up to 40 to 50 km/h (25 to 30 mph) gusting up to 60 km/h (35 mph) were recorded on the island.[2] The first tropical depression of the basin, it was also a rare disturbance since it formed in early April while the most cyclogenesis occurs during mid-April or throughout May.[2]

Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Tauktae

Main article: Cyclone Tauktae
Extremely severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
 
DurationMay 14 – May 19
Peak intensity195 km/h (120 mph) (3-min);
950 hPa (mbar)

On May 14, a depression formed in the Arabian Sea off the coast of Kerala.[3] The JTWC began monitoring the depression, and designated it as Tropical Cyclone 01A.[4] The system gradually intensified, before intensifying into a Deep Depression at 12:00 UTC that day.[5] At 18:00 UTC that day, the system intensified into a Cyclonic Storm, and it was given the name Tauktae by the IMD.[6][7] It later intensified into a Severe Cyclonic Storm at 15:00 UTC on May 15.[8] 3 hours later at 18:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded Tauktae to a Category 1-equivalent tropical cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.[9] Tauktae further intensified into a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm on May 16.[10] At 06:00 UTC that day, the JTWC upgraded the storm further to a Category 2 tropical cyclone.[11] As per INSAT imagery, the cyclone had developed a well-defined eye, which appeared at around 09:00 UTC.[12] However, the eye later started to degrade according to INSAT imagery, and remained ragged for the rest of the storm's lifetime.[13] At 03:00 UTC on May 17, Tauktae intensified into an Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm.[14] The JTWC upgraded Tauktae to a Category 4-equivalent tropical cyclone soon afterward.[15] However, Tauktae quickly weakened into a Category 3-equivalent tropical cyclone later that day.[16] The cyclone made landfall in the region of Saurashtra between Diu and Una at around 21:00 IST, and weakened to a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm. Wind speeds of approximately 150 to 175 kilometres per hour (93 to 109 mph) were recorded at the district of Diu in the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. It became one of strongest tropical cyclone to make landfall in the Indian state of Gujarat since the 1998 Gujarat cyclone.[17][18] Meanwhile, the JTWC issued their last tropical cyclone warning on the storm at 21:00 UTC on May 17.[19] The weakening trend continued as it moved inland until at 14:00 UTC on May 19, when it was downgraded to a well-marked low pressure over Eastern Rajasthan and adjoining west Madhya Pradesh and promptly dissipated.[20] The combination of a western disturbance and the remnant of Cyclone Tauktae has caused heavy rainfall in Northwestern India.[21]

As of May 22, a total of 174 people were confirmed to have been killed by the storm, and 81 others are still missing. Estimated losses from Tauktae are ₹15,000 crore (US$2.1 billion).[22][23][24] Heavy rainfall was reported over areas of Kerala,[25] causing flash floods and waterlogging soil;[26] fishing was temporarily banned in the area due to rough seas.[27] Parts of Kerala and Lakshadweep were placed under a red alert on May 14.[28] The second state experienced heavy rainfall as the cyclone tracked west of the Indian coast. In Chellanan, a village in Ernakulam district, homes were submerged underwater due to unexpected rain and coastal erosion. The administration opened up a relief camp at the local St. Mary's School for the inhabitants of low-lying areas. Due to the ongoing second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India, isolated testing facilities were arranged.[29] The most severe effects of Cyclone Tauktae occurred in the states of Maharashtra and Saurashtra in Gujarat. In Mumbai, flight operations at Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport were temporarily halted before resuming hours later.[30] It was the most powerful storm to affect Mumbai since Cyclone Nisarga in 2020 which made landfall on Alibaug, which is 78 km (48 mi) away from Mumbai. Parts of Mumbai recorded rainfall of over 300 mm (12 in), becoming the highest amount of rainfall recorded in May since records began in the 19th century. The previous record of 191 mm (7.5 in) was set on May 20, 2000. The maximum wind speed recorded was 108 km/h (67 mph), making it the highest recorded wind gust in the last 70 years. It uprooted more than 600 trees across the city, destroyed thousands of homes, waterlogged most of the city roads, and disrupted electricity supply and traffic.[31] The cyclone also affected neighbouring countries like Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka.[32] In the Sindh province of Pakistan, four people died due to a roof collapse caused by strong winds.[33][34]

Cyclonic Storm Yaas

Cyclonic Storm Yaas
Current storm status
Cyclonic storm (IMD)
Current storm status
Tropical storm (1-min mean)
Satellite image
Forecast map
As of:05:30 IST, May 23
00:00 UTC, May 23
Location:16°42′N 89°36′E / 16.7°N 89.6°E / 16.7; 89.6 (Cyclonic Storm Yaas)
About 600 km (375 mi) NNW of Port Blair,
540 km (335 mi) SSE of Paradip,
650 km (405 mi) SSE of Balasore,
630 km (390 mi) SSE of Digha,
620 km (385 mi) S of Khepupara
Sustained winds:40 kn (75 km/h; 45 mph) (3-min mean)
35 kn (65 km/h; 40 mph) (1-min mean)
gusting to 40 kn (75 km/h; 45 mph)
Pressure:996 hPa (29.41 inHg)
Movement:NNW at 4 kn (5 km/h; 5 mph)
See latest official information.

On May 22, a low-pressure area formed in the Bay of Bengal. On the next day at 09:30 UTC, it intensified into a depression, being assigned the designation BOB 02.[35] Meanwhile, JTWC issued a tropical cyclone formation alert on 15:00 UTC of May 22.[36] It intensified into a deep depression on 15:00 UTC of May 23.[37]

Current storm information

As of 23:30 IST, May 23 (18:00 UTC, May 23), Deep Depression BOB 02 is located 16°18′N 89°42′E / 16.3°N 89.7°E / 16.3; 89.7, which is approximately about 600 km (375 mi) north-northwest of Port Blair, 540 km (335 mi) south-southeast of Paradip, 650 km (405 mi) south-southeast of Balasore, 630 km (390 mi) south-southeast of Digha and 620 km (385 mi) south of Khepupara. Maximum 3-minute sustained winds are at 30 kn (55 km/h; 35 mph), gusting up to 40 kn (75 km/h; 45 mph). Maximum 1-minute sustained winds are at 35 kn (65 km/h; 40 mph) The system's central barometric pressure is 996 hPa (29.41 inHg). The system is moving north-northwestwards at 4 kn (5 km/h; 5 mph).

For latest official information:

Watches and warnings

Template:IMDWarningsTable

Storm names

Within this basin, a tropical cyclone is assigned a name when it is judged to have reached cyclonic storm intensity with winds of 65 km/h (40 mph). The names were selected by a new list from the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in New Delhi by mid year of 2020. There is no retirement of tropical cyclone names in this basin as the list of names is only scheduled to be used once before a new list of names is drawn up. Should a named tropical cyclone move into the basin from the Western Pacific, then it will retain its original name. The next eight available names from the List of North Indian Ocean storm names are below.[7]

  • Tauktae
  • Yaas (active)
  • Gulab (unused)
  • Shaheen (unused)
  • Jawad (unused)
  • Asani (unused)
  • Sitrang (unused)
  • Mandous (unused)

Season effects

This is a table of all storms in the 2021 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. It mentions all of the season's storms and their names, duration, peak intensities (according to the IMD storm scale), damage, and death totals. Damage and death totals include the damage and deaths caused when that storm was a precursor wave or extratropical low, and all of the damage figures are in 2021 USD.

Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Category Wind speed Pressure
BOB 01 April 2 – 3 Depression 45 km/h (30 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Myanmar None 0
Tauktae May 14 – 19 Extremely severe cyclonic storm 195 km/h (120 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep, Maldives, Delhi, Rajasthan, Haryana, Sindh, Sri Lanka $2.1 billion 174 [38][39]
Yaas May 23 – Present Cyclonic storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Andaman and Nicobar Islands None 0
Season aggregates
3 systems April 2 – Season ongoing 195 km/h (120 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) $2.1 billion 174

See also

References

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  2. ^ a b c "Preliminary Report on Depression April 2021.pdf" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-04-25. Retrieved 2021-04-25.
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  4. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Warning for Tropical Cyclone 01A". metoc.navy.mil. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 14 May 2021. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
  5. ^ "Special Tropical Cyclone Outlook for North Indian Ocean 02". mausam.imd.gov.in. India Meteorological Department. 14 May 2021. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
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  8. ^ "Special Tropical Cyclone Outlook for Cyclone Tauktae 07". mausam.imd.gov.in. Archived from the original on 2021-05-15. Retrieved 2021-05-15.
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  10. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Advisory Bulletin No.10 on Cyclone Tauktae" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Retrieved May 16, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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  12. ^ "Special Tropical Cyclone Outlook for Cyclone Tauktae 13". mausam.imd.gov.in. Archived from the original on 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2021-05-16.
  13. ^ "Special Tropical Cyclone Outlook for Cyclone Tauktae No. 16". mausam.imd.gov.in. 2021-05-16. Archived from the original on 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2021-05-16.
  14. ^ "Special Tropical Cyclone Outlook for Cyclone Tauktae No. 19". mausam.imd.gov.in. 2021-05-17. Archived from the original on 2021-05-17. Retrieved 2021-05-17.
  15. ^ "Tropical Cyclone 01A (Tauktae) Warning NR 012". United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2021-05-17. Retrieved 2021-05-17. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= requires |archive-url= (help)
  16. ^ "Tropical Cyclone 01A (Tauktae) Warning NR 014". United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2021-05-17. Retrieved 2021-05-17. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= requires |archive-url= (help)
  17. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Tauktae Tied Strongest Landfall On Record In India's Gujarat State". The Weather Channel. 17 May 2021. Retrieved 2021-05-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  18. ^ "Cyclone Tauktae LIVE Updates: Severe Storm Weakens After Landfall in Gujarat, Search Ops Continue at Mumbai High as 127 Still Missing". www.news18.com. 2021-05-18. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
  19. ^ "Final Warning of Tropical Cyclone 01A (Tauktae) No.15". JTWC. 2021-05-17. Archived from the original on 2021-05-17. Retrieved 2021-05-17. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; 2021-05-18 suggested (help)
  20. ^ "Last National Bulletin for Cyclone Tauktae". mausam.imd.gov.in. 2021-05-19. Archived from the original on 2021-05-19. Retrieved 2021-05-19.
  21. ^ DelhiMay 19, Press Trust of India New; May 19, 2021UPDATED; Ist, 2021 00:52. "Heavy rain likely in Delhi–NCR, parts of north India as Cyclone Tauktae weakens: IMD". India Today. Retrieved 2021-05-21. {{cite web}}: |first3= has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  22. ^ "RSMI Cyclone Model estimates losses of Rs 15,000 Cr caused by Cyclone Tauktae". United News of India. May 18, 2021. Retrieved May 21, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  23. ^ Kurian, Vinson. "Consultancy RMSI puts initial potential loss from Tauktae at ₹15,000 cr". @businessline. Retrieved 2021-05-21.
  24. ^ "Tauktae killed 122, forced 2.6 lakh evacuation in 6 states: Government". The Times of India. 21 May 2021. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
  25. ^ "Cyclone Tauktae: South Kerala reports heavy rainfall". Big News Network. May 14, 2021. Retrieved May 14, 2021.
  26. ^ Kumari, Priyanka, ed. (May 14, 2021). "Kerala Receives Heavy Rain Due to Cyclone Tauktae, IMD Says Monsoon to Make Early Arrival This Year". India.com. Retrieved May 15, 2021.
  27. ^ "Cyclone Tauktae may intensify into "very severe cyclonic" storm, to cross Gujarat next week". The Times of India. May 14, 2021. Retrieved May 15, 2021.
  28. ^ "Cyclone, Weather Forecast Live Updates: NDRF deploys 24 teams after cyclonic warning; Red alert in Kerala, Lakshadweep". The Indian Express. May 14, 2021. Retrieved May 14, 2021.
  29. ^ "Cyclone, Weather Forecast Live Updates: Heavy rains continue to pound Kerala as Cyclone Tauktae intensifies". The Indian Express. 2021-05-14. Retrieved 2021-05-14.
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  33. ^ May 20, ANI /; 2021; Ist, 15:04. "Cyclone Tauktae: 4 killed in mishaps as dust storm hits Karachi – Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2021-05-20. {{cite web}}: |last2= has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  34. ^ "Cyclone Tauktae: 4 killed in roof collapse incidents after dust storm in Karachi". Hindustan Times. 2021-05-19. Retrieved 2021-05-19.
  35. ^ "Special Tropical Cyclone Bulletin for Depression BOB 02 No. 1" (PDF). IMD. 2021-05-23. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-05-23. Retrieved 2021-05-23.
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  37. ^ "Special Tropical Cyclone Outlook for Deep Depression BOB 02" (PDF). mausam.imd.gov.in. 2021-05-24. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-05-24. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
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  39. ^ "Cyclone Tauktae | Death toll in Gujarat goes up to 53". The Hindu. Retrieved May 20, 2021.
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