Soylent Green
| Soylent Green | |
|---|---|
| File:Soylent Green cover.jpg | |
| Directed by | Richard Fleischer |
| Written by | Harry Harrison (novel) Stanley R. Greenberg (screenplay) |
| Produced by | Walter Seltzer Russel Thacher |
| Starring | Charlton Heston Leigh Taylor-Young Edward G. Robinson |
| Distributed by | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer |
Release dates | May 9, 1973 |
Running time | 97 min |
| Language | English |
Soylent Green is a 1973 science fiction movie starring Charlton Heston, Edward G. Robinson, Leigh Taylor-Young, Joseph Cotten and Chuck Connors. It is loosely based on the 1966 science fiction novella about overpopulation by Harry Harrison, Make Room! Make Room!, but diverges into its own plot points and ideas.
The film's title refers to the fictional artificial food product at the center of its plot. Due to the cult popularity of the film, the term "soylent green" and the movie's famous last line have become something of a catch phrase. Many subsequent works have referenced Soylent Green for dramatic or comedic effect.
Plot synopsis
Template:Spoiler Set in the year 2022, the film depicts a dystopia, a Malthusian catastrophe that takes place because humanity has failed to pursue sustainable development and has not halted population growth. New York City's population is 40,000,000, with over half unemployed. Global warming, air pollution and water pollution have produced a year-round heatwave and a thin yellow smog in the daytime. Food and fuel resources are scarce because of animal and plant decimation, housing is dilapidated and overcrowded, and widespread government-sponsored euthanasia is encouraged as a means of reducing overpopulation.
Meat, bread, cheese, fruit, vegetables and even alcoholic beverages are scarce and extremely expensive (example: a six-ounce jar of strawberry jam is 150 "D's"). Farms that produce these foods are heavily guarded and off-limits to civilians (in addition to the factories where soylent products are manufactured). To most people, natural foods are a rarely, if ever, enjoyed luxury. The government dispenses rations of synthetic food substances made by the Soylent Corporation: Soylent Yellow, Soylent Red, and the newest product, Soylent Green, the most popular version, derived from plankton, according to the firm.
Soylent's food products are mostly distributed as brightly-colored crackers which may be eaten with margarine, although they are also seen being sold as bread-like buns and in crumb form. The word "Soylent" is a combination of the words soybean and lentil (presumably, these are some of the ingredients of soylent's products, both being very high-yielding crops that are cheap to produce).
Specific Soylent products are distributed on different days of the week to the populace. However, even the supplies of this are limited and there is much competition between people to get their rations early. Such is the competition that if the supply runs out, rioting is common. To deal with this problem, the distribution centers have a heavy police presence, and they deal with the rioting crowds in a very heavy-handed way using "scoops"—special vehicles that scoop up people from the crowd and dump them into containers at the back. Such callous treatment is invariably fatal to a portion of the rioters.
By contrast, the rich elite live in spacious apartments, with regular access to "real food", tobacco and alcohol. Some can even afford "furniture", the film's terminology for concubines.
Charlton Heston plays Robert Thorn, a New York City police detective who investigates the murder of William R. Simonson (Joseph Cotten), a former member of the board of the Soylent Corporation. Thorn's elderly roommate is Sol Roth (Edward G. Robinson), a onetime college professor, now employed as a police researcher. Unlike most people in the world of the film, including Thorn, Sol had a formal education and is literate; education of any sort at the current time is only available to the wealthy elite. Such people are referred to as "books" (actual books being largely out of print due to lack of wood to make new paper, as well as a shortage of electricity and printing presses).
During his investigation of the Simonson murder, Thorn slowly uncovers a strange conspiracy, which would be revealed if he can see what goes on behind closed doors at the euthanasia centers. When an elderly and dispirited Sol opts for euthanasia, Thorn forces his way in to the euthanasia center and makes two shocking discoveries.
First, he sees motion pictures of the beautiful Earth of former times, which are shown only to those about to be euthanized. He is startled and brought to tears when he sees how beautiful the Earth was before it sank to its current state.
Second, when Thorn follows the disposal of Sol's corpse, he discovers that Soylent Green includes the recycled bodies of people who have used government-sponsored euthanasia centers, leading to his famous outcry, "Soylent Green is people!".
Cultural impact
The film has since entered into the realm of popular culture, most notably Charlton Heston's melodramatic performance of the film's final line, "Soylent Green is people!" Many television series, movies, video games, and other media have parodied the final scene of the film, especially when dealing with topics of cannibalism. Such use has become so extensive that it has become a staple of parody, used not just in specific reference to the film, but also as a self-reflexive allusion to its wide use in popular entertainment.
Reasons for this extensive use in popular entertainment are difficult to pin down to a single explanation. Some "blame" has been pointed to the film's trailer, which indirectly revealed Soylent Green's main ingredient by using quick cuts of body bags being carried across a conveyor belt over spoken narration: "What is the secret of Soylent Green?" The resulting spoiled surprise may have contributed to popular culture's tendency to refer to this movie.
The "horrifying secret of Soylent Green," in itself, has become a popular example of a twist ending that is already known by the public at large, even those who have not seen the film (see also Planet of the Apes, and The Empire Strikes Back).
Trivia
 | This article contains a list of miscellaneous information. |
- The original 1966 novella Make Room! Make Room! is set in the year 1999, with the theme of overpopulation and overuse of resources leading to increasing social disorder as the next millennium approaches. It mentions soylent steaks, but makes no reference to "Soylent Green" or to the ideas of euthanasia and cannibalism which form the basic theme of the movie. These themes were added to the screenplay after earlier attempts to get the movie made had failed due to lack of studio interest. The book's title was not used for the movie since it could have confused audiences into thinking it was a big-screen version of Make Room for Daddy.
- Soylent Green is also found in the cartoon series Futurama, at multiple times, including when Bender entered the Iron Chef contest to avenge his teacher.
- The concept of the "sleep centers" was lifted from the novella Logan's Run, which was in the early stage of pre-production at MGM at the time.
- When Sol is "going home", the background score on the film is Beethoven's Symphony #6 ("Pastoral"). It is an early example of the program symphony and depicts scenes of country life. Its use here offers a double meaning: the same musical piece was used in the Nazi propaganda film Der Führer schenkt den Juden eine Stadt (The Führer grants the Jews a city). The film was an attempt by the Nazi regime to portray the Jewish ghettos as happy suburban communities.
- The "going home" score was a suite conducted by Gerald Fried consisting of the main themes from Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 6 ("Pathétique"), Beethoven's Symphony No. 6 ("Pastoral"), and "Morning Mood" and "Åse's Death" from Edvard Grieg's Peer Gynt Suite.
- A character is briefly seen operating a Computer Space arcade game (Spacewar, developed by students at MIT), marking the movie as one of the first to show the emerging pop cultural phenomenon of video games.
- In the scene where Sol "goes home," Charlton Heston's character is too late to stop it, and we see him cry as Sol dies. His tears were real, as Heston was the only one who knew that Edward G. Robinson was dying of terminal cancer. This was the 101st and last movie in which Robinson appeared. He died nine days after the shooting was done, on January 26, 1973. [citation needed]
- This was the last feature film to have exteriors shot using the old MGM back lot.
- Chuck Connors had a hard time fighting Heston in the movie because he didn't like hitting "Moses", Heston's role in the film The Ten Commandments.
- The idea of recycling corpses into food was re-introduced on Judge Dredd comic books.
See also
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