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MAN Lion's City

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MAN Lion's City
Lion's City Hybrid in KVB service in Cologne
Overview
ManufacturerMAN Truck & Bus
Production1996–present
Assembly
Body and chassis
ClassIntegral bus
Body style
Doors1, 2, 3, 4 or 5
Floor type
Related
Powertrain
Power output220–360 hp (160–270 kW)
Dimensions
Length8.13–20.45 metres (26.7–67.1 ft)
Width2.38–2.55 metres (7 ft 10 in – 8 ft 4 in)
Height2.99–4.37 metres (9 ft 10 in – 14 ft 4 in)
Chronology
Predecessor

The MAN Lion's City is a range of low-floor and low-entry public buses built by German truck and bus manufacturer MAN Truck & Bus (previously MAN Nutzfahrzeuge) since 1996 primarily for the European market, but is also available in chassis-only variants worldwide. The name Lion's City has been used since 2006, when MAN's public bus models which had been marketed separately were gathered into one range, when also most models received a facelift. The first models to be introduced were the 12-metre low-floor intercity bus NÜ xx3 (A20) in 1996, the 12-metre city bus NL xx3 (A21) in 1997 and the articulated NG xx3 (A23) in 1998. As with former MAN bus models the power-rating made up part of the model name, giving the NÜ-series buses with power-ratings of 260 and 310 hp model names NÜ 263 and NÜ 313 respectively.[1] The main production sites are in Starachowice and Sady in Poland, but the models have also been built in Germany, Turkey and Malaysia. Initially most of the midibus variants were manufactured by Göppel Bus in Augsburg, later Nobitz.

Models are available with a 6-cylinder turbocharged straight engine which runs on diesel, compressed natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas. Versions with hydrogen fuel cell[2] drive and with hydrogen internal combustion engines[3] have been successfully tested, as well as diesel-electric hybrid drive.[4] A production hybrid-electric version, the Lion's City Hybrid, which uses supercapacitors and two 67 kW electric motors is available since 2010. Hybrid electric buses offer increased efficiency in urban traffic and use 30% less fuel than combustion-only buses.[5]

The latest generation of Neoplan Centroliner is based on the Lion's City (Neoplan was also part of the Neoman Bus group).

Integral variants

Codes inside parentheses are internal codes that identify some technical characteristics of the variants, like length/wheelbase, number of axles, floor height, width, engine arrangement and so on. Some codes are unique to one variant, while others are shared between variants. Some variants have changed from one code to another over time. These codes are sometimes mistakenly used as a model designation. One can find the codes in VINs (i.e. WMAA21...) and in vehicle production serial numbers (i.e. A210012).

Current

City (low-floor)
  • Lion's City 12, 12 m single-decker diesel[6]
  • Lion's City 12 G, 12 m single-decker CNG[6]
  • Lion's City 12 E, 12 m single-decker electric[6]
  • Lion's City 18, 18 m articulated diesel[6]
  • Lion's City 18 G, 18 m articulated CNG[6]
  • Lion's City, known as NL xx3 1997–2004 – 12 m single-decker[7]
    • horizontal engine (A21)
    • vertical engine (A37), since 2002[8]
  • Lion's City Hybrid (A37) - 12 m hybrid single-decker
  • Lion's City C (A26, A36 since 2013) - 13.7 m single-decker
  • Lion's City L (A26), known as NL xx3 - 15 m 1998–2004, Lion's City LL 2004–2009 - 14.7 m single-decker[7]
  • Lion's City G (A23), known as NG xx3 1998–2004 – 18 m articulated[7]
  • Lion's City GL (A23, A40 since 2011) - 18.75 m articulated
  • Lion's City M - 10.5 m midibus
    • 2.38 m wide (A35)
    • 2.5 m wide (A47)
City (low-entry)
  • Lion's City LE (A78), known as EL xx3 2003–2004, Lion's City T 2004–2008 - 12m single-decker[7]
    • version based on standard low-floor, horizontal engine platform (A21), including CNG version, available since 2011(?)
    • version for South African market - bodied on 18.280 HOCL-NL/R (A84) chassis by MAN South Africa in Olifantsfontein since 2011[9][10]
  • Lion's City C LE (A26, A45 since 2013?) - 13.7 m single-decker
  • Lion's City L LE (A26, A44 since 2012?) - 14.7 m single-decker
  • Lion's City G LE (A42) - 18 m articulated
  • Lion's City GL LE (A49) - 18.75 m articulated
Intercity (low-floor)
  • Lion's City Ü (A20), known as NÜ xx3 1996–2004 - 12m single-decker
Intercity (low-entry)
  • Lion's City LE Ü (A78), known as EL xx3 2003–2004, Lion's City TÜ 2004–2008 - 12m single-decker[7]

Discontinued

City (low-floor)
  • Lion's City DD (A39) - 13.73 m double-decker
  • Lion's City GXL (A43) - 20.45 m articulated
  • Lion's City M, known as NM xx3 and EM xx3 until 2005 - 8.13 m to 11.21 m midibus, bodied on 10/11.xxx HOCL (469), 12.xxx HOCL-NL (A76), 14.xxx HOCL-NL (A66) and NL xx3 F (A22) chassis by Göppel Bus[7]
Intercity (low-floor)
  • Lion's City ÜLL (A25), known as NÜ xx3 - 15 m 1998–2004 - 14.7 m single decker[7]

Type designation system

The type designations were used to define all models prior to 2004. With the introduction of the model names in 2004, the system is still in use on all vehicles, but is more for internal use. In most cases it can be found on the plate inside the bus where one finds the VIN.

Floor height
  • N: Low-floor bus (German: Niederflur)
  • E: Low-entry bus (Some low-entry versions have letter N instead when they are built technically similar to the low-floor version.)
Adaption
  • L: Rigid bus (no special adaption) (German: Linienbus)
  • D: Double-decker bus (German: Doppeldeckerbus)
  • G: Articulated bus (German: Gelenkbus)
  • M: Midibus
  • Ü: Intercity bus (German: Überlandbus)
Power code
  • xx: First two digits of power output in hp (nearest ten)
  • 3: third generation
  • F: Denotes that it is built as a chassis for external bodywork (German: Fahrgestell)

For example, an ND323F low-floor double-decker bus has a power output of 320 hp.

Chassis variants (for external bodywork)

Low-floor chassis variants are offered for external bodywork by local bodywork manufacturers. Most are bodied in the local manufacturer's own styling, but some are licensed to replicate the Lion's City bodywork, usually in markets where MAN don't sell the integral variants. This includes the East Lancs Kinetec for the UK market, which only replicate the front part and Gemilang Coachworks's version of the Lion's City, replicating the whole LHD bodywork for their (usually RHD) buses sold in Asia Pacific market, including the Lion's City Hybrid bodywork mounted on conventional diesel chassis.

Single Decker

MAN NL323F (A22)

MAN NL323F / NL323F (A22)
Overview
ManufacturerMAN
Production
  • 2010-present (A22)
AssemblyEgypt
Malaysia
Body and chassis
ClassBus chassis
Body styleSingle-decker bus
Doors2 doors
Floor typeLow floor
Powertrain
Engine
  • A22 (Euro V):
  • MAN D 2066 LUH-32(NL323F)
  • A22 (Euro VI):
  • MAN D2066 LUH-51(NL323F)
Electric motor
  • A22 (Electric):
  • Danfoss Editron EM-PMI375-T800-1600 (NL323F)
Power output320 hp (240 kW)
TransmissionVoith DIWA
ZF EcoLife
Linkker LinkDrive
Battery
  • A22 (Electric):
  • Lithium Iron Phosphate batteries (177.5 kWh)
Electric range
  • A22 (Electric):
  • Up to 130 km
Plug-in charging
  • A22 (Electric):
  • Opportunity Charging via Overhead Pantograph
  • A22 (Electric):
  • CCS2 Plug In
Dimensions
Length11.98 m (2-Axle)
Width2.55m
Height3.34m

The MAN A22 NL323F, with the chassis code A22, is a two-axle 12-metre chassis.

Singapore

MAN NL323F Euro VI

In 2010, a MAN NL323F Demonstrator was fitted with MCV Evolution bodywork from Egyptian bodybuilder MCV (Manufacturing Commercial Vehicles), through ST Engineering Land Systems (Formerly known as ST Kinetics). It was registered as SMB138Y with SMRT Buses for a year long evaluation period. It debuted on 29 December 2010 on Service 961. It was equipped with free onboard Wi-Fi. Following the evaluation period, it was taken out of revenue service in 2012 due to water damage to the electronics. Hence returned to ST Kinetics and it was last sighted at Gemilang Coachworks in Malaysia in 2015 rebodied into the MAN Lion's City Hybrid bodywork. It received a new lease of life in November 2015 when it was re-registered to Carbridge, an Australian Bus Company.[12]


Following the success of the MAN NL323F Demonstrator, SMB138Y, SMRT Buses announced the purchase of 200 MAN NL323F Euro V with MAN Lion's City Hybrid Bodywork manufactured and assembled in Malaysia by Gemilang Coachworks.


On 3 October 2011, the first production batch MAN NL323F debuted on SMRT Buses Service 963 and 963E.


In 2013, an additional batch of 202 MAN NL323F were ordered by SMRT Buses, and a 3rd Batch of buses in April 2014 for 332 Units.

Currently, all 4 operators in Singapore, SMRT Buses, SBS Transit, Tower Transit Singapore and Go-Ahead Singapore operate the MAN NL323F with various transmission such as ZF Gearbox and Voith Gearbox.


In 2017 the Land Transport Authority of Singapore procured 250 MAN Buses of which 100 units being MAN NL323F Euro VI. It is also bodied by Gemilang Coachwork with MAN Lion's City Bodywork with both ZF and Voith Gearbox. These buses also feature additional features such as Passenger Information Display Systems (PIDS), Driver Assistance Technology and 2 wheelchair bays. It made it debut on Service 25 May 2018 with SBS Transit, Service 991 with SMRT Buses on 8 July 2018 and Service 68 with Go-Ahead Singapore on 5 September 2018. [13]

Leisure Frontier MAN NL323F Euro V (Left) & A&S MAN NL323F Euro V (Right)

In the same year, 2017, an Euro V MAN NL323F, SMB3075A, was taken out of revenue service and placed on non-user lay up status. It was then shipped from Singapore to Turku (Findland) as part of a proof of concept for retrofitting diesel buses to electric buses. The project was done with Finnish Electric Bus manufacturer, Linkker and assisted by ST Engineering. Between 2017 and November 2019, the bus had undergone extensive conversion and installation of traction system, battery system, power distribution system, vehicle control system, charging connectivity system and driver's workplace upgrade. It has since been retrofitted with overhead opportunity charging via pantograph with a secondary CCS2 plug-in charger and Linkker LinkDrive electric driveline. There were no reduction in seating capacity nor modifications to the general bodywork. The bus was then re-registered in Late 2019 as SG3100M and was deployed back on revenue service after approximately 4 years on 5 October 2021 with SMRT Buses service 176. The bus faced various issues such as rolling back when attempting to accelerate and pantograph deployment suspected due to poor Wi-Fi communication between the bus' onboard system and the overhead pantograph charging system. In late 2022, the bus was once again taken out of revenue service and was back on ST Engineering's premises for repairs. After 8 months, the bus returned back to revenue service once again in August 2023.[14]


In 2019, during the COVID-19 pandemic, 20 units of NL323F were deregistered and retrofitted into dedicated COVID-19 patient transport vehicles known as COMET MAXI. This project is a collaboration between SMRT Corporation, HOPE Technik, Sheares Healthcare and Temasek Foundation. These buses were repainted into a Silver Livery with reminiscent of SMRT Buses' Corporate Pixel Livery, with perforated vinyl stickers intended for privacy. These buses are retrofitted with airtight floor-to-ceiling partition separating the Bus Captain from rear passenger compartment featuring an emergency door for cross-compartment passage fitted with a rubber gasket and viewing windows on the partition. The buses are also installed with Negative Pressure System with HEPA Filters, ensuring clean air is filtered out from the passengers compartment, as which 2 seats are removed from the bus. Other modifications include the isolation of both cabin's air-conditioning system, differential pressure gauge and additional roof mounted aircon duct and an air-conditioning blower at the front of the dashboard.[15]


In 2021, the COMET MAXI MAN NL323Fs were sold off to private bus operators. Of which 2 units are acquired by Leisure Frontier and the other 18 units by A&S Transit. Further modifications were made to these buses such as removal of Negative Pressure System, installation of additional seats, removal of emergency exit door between driver and passenger compartment, Lap belts for all seats and repainting into A&S Livery or Leisure Frontier Livery. [16]


In 2023, several MAN NL323Fs began the mid-life refurbishment process starting with SMB235A where the flooring is re-done and repainted into Land Transport Authority's Lush Green Livery from the SMRT Buses Stripe Livery.

Double Decker

MAN ND313F / ND363F (A34)
MAN ND243F / ND283F (A48)
MAN ND323F / ND363F (A95)
KMB's ND313F with Neoplan Centroliner bodywork.
Overview
ManufacturerMAN
Production
  • 2003-2006 (A34)
  • 2006-2010 (A48)
  • 2014-present (A95)
Body and chassis
ClassBus chassis
Body styleDouble-decker bus
Doors1 or 2 doors
Floor typeLow floor
RelatedMAN NDxx3 Lion's City DD (A39)
Powertrain
Engine
  • A34 (Euro III):
  • MAN D2866LUH24 (ND313F), D2866LUH29 (ND363F)
  • A48 (Euro IV):
  • MAN D0836LOH51 (ND283F)
  • A95 (Euro V):
  • MAN D2066LUH32 (ND323F), D2066LUH33 (ND363F)
  • A95 (Euro VI):
  • MAN D2066LUH58 (ND323F)
Power output240–360 hp (180–270 kW)
TransmissionVoith DIWA
ZF EcoLife
Dimensions
Length10.85m (2-Axle)
12m, 12.8m (3-Axle)
Width2.55m
Height4.1m, 4.2m, 4.3m, 4.4m

MAN ND313F / ND363F (A34)

The MAN ND313F and MAN ND363F, with the chassis code A34, is a tri-axle 12-metre chassis. A total number of 27 chassis were built between 2003 and 2006.

In 2003, Kowloon Motor Bus (KMB) of Hong Kong received one MAN ND313F with Neoplan Centroliner N4426 bodywork, it received fleet number APM1 and registration number LE4612, entering service later in the same year. The bus remained unique in Kowloon Motor Bus fleet. It was retired in January 2019.

25 ND363F received Ayats coach bodywork, and were delivered to Ulsterbus of Northern Ireland in 2006.

MAN ND243F / ND283F (A48)

Reading Buses ND283F with East Lancs Kinetec+ bodywork.

In 2006, a 10.85-metre two-axle version was launched as the MAN ND243F and MAN ND283F, with chassis code A48.

One ND283F received an East Lancs Kinetec+ bodywork, which had a front similar to that of MAN Lion's City.

Two more ND283F test chassis were built, but no ND243F.

MAN ND323F / ND363F (A95)

In 2013, a new double deck chassis based on the A22-series low floor single-decker chassis was launched as the MAN ND323F and MAN ND363F, with a new chassis code A95. Currently, the bodywork of all A95 buses are built by Gemilang Coachworks and are based on the licensed MAN Lion's City DD design, and is also marketed in various markets as the MAN Lion's City DD for the 12 m long variant and the MAN Lion's City DD L for the 12.8m long variant. A concept bodywork design was unveiled in 2015, in the form of a 3-door bus built for Singapore's Land Transport Authority (LTA). Currently, a refreshed design based on the concept is being adopted on the newer buses. In addition, the Australian market buses feature a different rear end design as compared to those sold in other markets.

Singapore

A MAN A95 as operated by SMRT Buses

In November 2014, SMRT was given a single MAN ND323F demonstrator for trial purposes at the manufacturer's request. Following a successful trial run, SMRT ordered 16 MAN ND323Fs which were delivered between August and November 2015 with tree guards pre-installed.

In late 2015, the Land Transport Authority ordered 60 units as part of the Bus Contracting Model (BCM) order. Largely similar to the previous batch procured by SMRT Buses, these buses had some minor differences in appearance such as the omission of tree guards. The final 10 units of this batch were equipped with USB charging ports.[17] The first 15 buses were painted in SMRT's corporate livery, while the rest featured LTA's green livery. All of these buses were registered between April and August 2016 and are currently assigned to SMRT Buses and Tower Transit.

The three-door MAN A95 demonstrator, which was introduced in late 2015 and is currently operated by SBS Transit since 2018

Also in late 2015, a 12.8 m long custom built MAN ND323F with 3 doors and 2 staircases was built for the LTA, featuring an updated concept bodywork design.[18][19] Originally deployed to Tower Transit in 2017, it was transferred to SBS Transit in early 2018.

In September 2016, LTA ordered another 122 MAN ND323Fs which were put into service in 2017. These buses contain similar specifications with the previous batch but with an updated bodywork design, with the first 30 units being based on the concept and the rest with an updated design. These buses were assigned to SBS Transit, SMRT Buses, Tower Transit and Go-Ahead Singapore, with most units in SMRT Buses replacing retiring Mercedes-Benz O405G bendy buses.[20][21]

In late 2017, under a negotiated tender, the Land Transport Authority ordered 250 MAN buses, which were 150 MAN NL323Fs and 100 MAN ND323Fs, equipped with Euro VI engines and minor differences to the bodywork in the previous batch. These buses were equipped with two wheelchair bays as compared to one in previous batches. An option was excised in 2018 to procure an additional 150 MAN ND323Fs in this batch. These buses entered revenue service in May 2018 and are currently assigned to SBS Transit, SMRT Buses, Tower Transit and Go-Ahead Singapore for fleet additions and replacement of retiring buses.[22]

In July 2018, a tender was awarded by LTA to ST Kinetics for the procurement of 111 MAN ND323Fs, which were delivered with subtle differences as compared to the earlier batches. These buses entered service in March 2020, with the final bus delivered in October 2021. Similar to the previous batch, these buses are currently assigned to SBS Transit and SMRT Buses for fleet additions and replacement of retiring buses.[23]

Following the successful trial of the three door MAN ND323F, the Land Transport Authority announced that 50 production batch 3-door ND323Fs will be procured along with 50 3-door Alexander Dennis Enviro500s. These buses entered service in January 2021[24] with Tower Transit Singapore, SBS Transit, SMRT Buses and Go Ahead Singapore as the operators on Services 334, 243G and 900[25].

Hong Kong

In August 2014, Kwoon Chung Motors Company (KCM) ordered 9 ND323Fs replacing 8 Dennis Tridents and 1 MAN 24.310. Also, KCM's subsidiary company New Lantau Bus (NLB) purchased 10 ND323Fs. They were delivered to Hong Kong in June and August 2015 respectively. Moreover, in 2017, NLB purchased 16 ND363Fs with Gemilang Lion's city DD facelift body, they were delivered to Hong Kong since November 2017 and registered since February 2018. The order has been increased to add another 13 vehicles and registered since June 2018. In 2018, NLB purchased 5 ND363Fs with Gemilang's Lion's city DD facelift body which is equivalent to the previous order and equipped with a Euro 6 engine. They are being delivered to Hong Kong since February 2019.

In May 2015, an ND363F was delivered to Kowloon Motor Bus (KMB) of Hong Kong and was first used during August 2015. In October 2015, KMB placed an order for 20 ND323Fs with Gemilang Lion's City DD body. In 2017, KMB ordered one ND323F with Gemilang self-build body and equipped with Navaho LCD display.

New World First Bus also ordered a 12.8m long ND323F.[26]

New China Lane Travel, To Yo Travel and Goldspark Hong Kong Tours have also ordered ND323Fs in open top form.

Discovery Bay Transit Services (DBTSL) from Discovery Bay placed an order of four ND323F in 2016 and delivered in June 2017. They were registered on late-June and mid-July 2017. In 2019, DBTSL ordered 2 ND323F equipped with Euro 6 engine and delivered in January and February 2020. Two new buses were registered and operated in July 2020.

HZMB bus operator has ordered 20 ND363Fs with 4.2m height variant and delivered in 2018. In 2019, HZMB bus operator has ordered 40 ND323Fs with 4.2m height variant and Euro 6 engine. These buses are delivered since April 2019.

Australia

In 2017, State Transit purchased 38 Gemilang Coachworks bodied MAN A95s for its Sydney B-Line service.[27][28]

United Arab Emirates

In 2019, RTA (Dubai) ordered 70 Gemilang bodied MAN A95s. This is the first order of the A95 in left-hand drive configuration.[29]

  • NG 313 CNG (A23) on line 69 in Stockholm
    NG 313 CNG (A23) on line 69 in Stockholm
  • NL 263 (A21) in Oslo
    NL 263 (A21) in Oslo
  • NG 313 (A23) in Mülheim an der Ruhr
    NG 313 (A23) in Mülheim an der Ruhr
  • ORN Lion's City G at Mainz Central Station
    ORN Lion's City G at Mainz Central Station
  • Lion's City DD in Berlin
    Lion's City DD in Berlin
  • MAN Lion's City EfficientHybrid at Baden-Baden station
    MAN Lion's City EfficientHybrid at Baden-Baden station
  • Lion's City 18c CNG EfficientHybrid in Uppsala.
    Lion's City 18c CNG EfficientHybrid in Uppsala.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to MAN Lion's City.

References

  1. ^ "Linienbusse" (in German). MAN Nutzfahrzeuge. Archived from the original on 13 April 1997.
  2. ^ "MAN: Fuel Cell City Bus (2000)". netinform - Wasserstoff und Brennstoffzellen. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011.
  3. ^ "MAN: low floor bus with FC and LH2 (2001)". netinform - Wasserstoff und Brennstoffzellen. Archived from the original on 7 July 2010.
  4. ^ "Premiere in Helsinki: MAN Lion's City Hybrid-Stadtbus der neuesten Generation" (PDF) (in German). Neoman Bus Gruppe. 22 May 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 December 2008.
  5. ^ "Hybrid drive". MAN Truck & Bus. Archived from the original on 25 August 2011.
  6. ^ a b c d e AG, MAN Truck & Bus. "MAN Lion's City model series | MAN Bus Germany". www.bus.man.eu. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g "MAN Bus Program" (PDF). MAN Nutzfahrzeuge. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 December 2005.
  8. ^ "IAA 2002 - MAN Bus-Highlights" (PDF) (in German). MAN Nutzfahrzeuge. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 February 2004.
  9. ^ "MAN A84 - 18.280 HOCL-NL Lion's City LE" (PDF). MAN Truck & Bus (S.A.) (Pty) Ltd.
  10. ^ "Olifantsfontein". MAN Truck & Bus (S.A.) (Pty) Ltd. Retrieved 8 October 2016.
  11. ^ a b "MAN bus chassis – Programme 2008/2009" (PDF). MAN Nutzfahrzeuge. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 September 2009.
  12. ^ "MAN A22 (NL323F) | Land Transport Guru". 31 December 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  13. ^ "MAN NL323F (A22) – Euro 6 | Land Transport Guru". 23 May 2018. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  14. ^ "MAN A22 Retrofitted Electric Bus | Land Transport Guru". 5 October 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  15. ^ PMPermalink, Richard14 November 2022 at 2:53 (12 May 2020). "Public Buses converted into COVID-19 Bus Transporters (COMET MAXI) | Land Transport Guru". Retrieved 18 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  16. ^ "Former SMRT MAN A22 buses purchased by Private Bus Operators | Land Transport Guru". 3 June 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  17. ^ "Joint News Release by the Land Transport Authority (LTA) & SMRT - Buses with USB Charging Ports to hit the road on 1 September". Land Transport Authority. 31 August 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2019.
  18. ^ "MAN Lion's City DD L Mock-up Bus". Land Transport Guru. 12 March 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2016.
  19. ^ Singapore authority assesses three-door double-decks Archived 10 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine Bus & Coach Professional 6 May 2016
  20. ^ "MAN A95 (ND323F)". Land Transport Guru. 24 September 2014. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  21. ^ "The lion is roaring in Singapore". MAN SE. 8 September 2016. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  22. ^ "MAN A95 (Euro 6) – First Production Batch". Land Transport Guru. 23 May 2018. Retrieved 20 August 2019.
  23. ^ "LTA Awards Contract for 111 Double Deck Buses to ST Engineering Land Systems Ltd". Land Transport Authority. 11 July 2018. Retrieved 20 August 2019.
  24. ^ "LTA Awards Contract for 100 Three-Door Buses to Two Tenderers". Land Transport Authority. 25 April 2019. Retrieved 20 August 2019.
  25. ^ PMPermalink, Useyourbrain18 March 2022 at 1:36 (6 February 2021). "MAN A95 (Euro 6) – 3-Door Batch | Land Transport Guru". Retrieved 18 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  26. ^ Hong Kong Buses Yearbook 2016, Northcord International Limited, ISBN 9789629200473, pages 30 to 41.
  27. ^ MAN double-deckers for Sydney Northern Beaches Australasian Bus & Coach 15 September 2016
  28. ^ Sydney Metro MAN A95 buses delivered Australasian Bus & Coach 30 November 2017
  29. ^ "Dubai ordered 70 MAN A95 in LHD configuration as part of their fleet renewal programme". Facebook. 31 August 2019.
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