Punisher

The Punisher
File:THE PUNISHER 11.jpg The Punisher Art by Tim Bradstreet
Publication information
Publisher	Marvel Comics
First appearance	Amazing Spider-Man #129 (Feb. 1974)
Created by	Gerry Conway Ross Andru John Romita, Sr.
In-story information
Full name	Frank Castle (Born Francis Castiglione)
Notable aliases	Mr. Smith Charles Fort Frank Rook Johnny Tower
Abilities	No super powers: Tactical expert Highly trained in armed and unarmed combat Demolitions expert

The Punisher is a fictional character in the Marvel Comics Universe. Created by writer Gerry Conway and artists John Romita, Sr. and Ross Andru, he first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man #129 (Feb. 1974).

The Punisher is an anti-hero; a vigilante who considers murder, kidnapping, extortion, coercion, threats of violence and torture to be acceptable crime fighting tactics. Driven by the deaths of his wife and children, who were killed by the mob when they witnessed a gangland execution in New York City's Central Park, Frank Castle wages a one-man war on the mob and all criminals in general by using all manner of weaponry. A war veteran, Castle is a master of martial arts, stealth tactics, hand to hand combat, spatial planning and a wide variety of weapons.

The Punisher's brutal nature and willingness to kill made him a novel character in mainstream American comic books in 1974. By the late 1980s, he was part of a wave of psychologically troubled anti-heroes and was featured in several monthly publications, including The Punisher War Journal, The Punisher War Zone and The Punisher Armory. Two movie adaptations have been released, one in 1989, which featured Dolph Lundgren as The Punisher, and another in 2004, with the character played by Thomas Jane.

Publication history

The Punisher was created by Gerry Conway and his first appearance was illustrated by Ross Andru, at that time the regular writer and artist, respectively, for The Amazing Spider-Man. Conway states he also helped design the character's distinctive costume:

In the '70s, when I was writing comics at DC and Marvel, I made it a practice to sketch my own ideas for the costumes of new characters — heroes and villains — which I offered to the artists as a crude suggestion representing the image I had in mind. I had done that with the Punisher at Marvel.

Conway had drawn a character with a small death's head skull on one breast. Then-Marvel art director John Romita, Sr. took the basic design, blew the skull up to huge size, taking up most of the character's chest, and added a cartridge bandolier that formed the skull's teeth.

The Punisher was initially an antagonist of Spider-Man, although only due to being duped by the supervillain known as The Jackal. The character of the Punisher immediately became popular, and made appearances in the various Spider-Man titles and other series throughout the 1970s.

Initial series

In the early 1980s, artist Mike Zeck and writer Steven Grant proposed creating a Punisher series. Marvel published a miniseries whose premiere (Jan. 1986) was bannered on the cover as the first of four. After this first issue immediately sold out, Marvel expanded the miniseries to five issues (as then bannered on the cover of #2) and began active promotion.

The Punisher War Zone #1 (March 1992). Cover art by John Romita, Jr.

An ongoing series, also titled The Punisher, premiered the next year. Initially by writer Mike Baron and artist Klaus Janson, it eventually ran 104 issues (July 1987 - July 1995) and spun off two additional ongoing series — The Punisher War Journal (vol.1) (80 issues, Nov. 1988 - July 1995) and The Punisher War Zone (41 issues, March 1992 - July 1995), as well as the black-and-white comics magazine, The Punisher Magazine (16 issues, Nov. 1989 - Sept. 1990), and The Punisher Armory (10 issues, no cover dates, starting 1990), a fictional diary detailing "His thoughts! His feelings! His weapons!" (as stated on the cover of #1). The Punisher also appeared in numerous one-shots and miniseries, and made frequent guest appearances in other Marvel comics, ranging from superhero series to the Vietnam War-era comic The 'Nam.

Decline

In 1995, Marvel cancelled all three ongoing Punisher series due to poor sales. The publisher attempted a relaunch almost immediately, with a new ongoing series title The Punisher, by writer John Ostrander, in which the Punisher appeared to willingly join and work for organized crime, and later confronted the X-Men and Nick Fury. Writer Christopher Golden's four-issue miniseries The Punisher: Purgatory (Nov. 1998 - Feb. 1999) posited a deceased Punisher resurrected as a supernatural agent of various angels and demons.

Revivals

A 12-issue mini-series characterized by black comedy, again titled The Punisher (April 2000 - March 2001) by writer Garth Ennis and artist Steve Dillon, under the Marvel Knights imprint, revived the character's popularity. An ongoing series (37 issues, Aug. 2001 - Feb. 2004), primarily by Ennis and Dillon, followed, succeeded in 2004 by an ongoing Ennis series under Marvel's mature-readers imprint, MAX.

In November 2006, the Punisher returned in a new The Punisher War Journal (vol.2) series, written by Matt Fraction and pencilled by Ariel Olivetti. The first three issues of the book are set during the Marvel Civil War event. It involves Castle taking on supervillains rather than his traditional non-superpowered criminal antagonists. He has also made appearances in the main Civil War series (issues 5, 6 and 7).

Marvel MAX imprint

File:PunMax44.jpg

Promotional art for The Punisher #44 (2007), by Tim Bradstreet. Castle's birth date (Feb. 16, 1950) was redacted on the published cover.

In the MAX Imprint, the Punisher is set in the main Marvel Universe but without superhero appearances . Castle's timeline remained untouched when Marvel adjusted those of its other characters. His history has never been altered or moved up. The Punisher ages in real time, propelling him into his late 50s. The cover of issue #44 reveals that he was born on February 16, 1950, but was later removed during the book's publication. He has a well-maintained physical condition and health, in spite of his age. The imprint also depicts the Punisher as having been an active vigilante for almost 30 years. Issue #19 specified he had killed approximately 2,000 people, not including military personnel or the deaths in a story in which the Punisher causes a hydrogen bomb to be dropped onto the Pacific island Grand Nixon, where a General Kriegkopf has gathered 2,000 mercenaries, including the assassin known as The Russian.

Whereas the traditional Punisher stories remained within the United States and involved antagonists and settings of conventional domestic crime, stories of the Marvel MAX Punisher often focus on current events, ranging from corporate fraud to sexual slavery and most commonly the war on terrorism. Characters in these stories are all products of past or current environments, including operatives of the CIA, KGB, Secret Intelligence Service, SAS and various militaries and militias from the Balkans and Middle East and terrorist cells like the IRA, all with agendas rooted in past conflicts like the Cold War or the Yugoslav wars.

In the miniseries Born, by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson, Castle's roots are traced back to Vietnam, during his third tour of duty in Vietnam, where he undergoes a psychological and possibly supernatural transformation into the Punisher in order to survive a massive assault on his fortification by the combined forces of the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese Army. The one-shot Punisher: The Tyger, by Ennis and John Severin, went even further and showed that Castle had lived with murders, deaths and criminals in his entire life.

Fictional character biography

This capsule introduction appeared in The Punisher titles from 1987 to 1994: "When mobsters slew his family, Frank Castle vowed to spend the rest of his life avenging them. Trained as a Marine and equipped with state-of-the-art weaponry, he now wages a one-man war against crime as the Punisher".

Early life and military career

Born in Queens, New York to parents of Sicilian ancestry, the young Francis Castiglione originally studied to become a Roman Catholic priest, but changed his mind because he was unable to forgive those who did evil. Eventually, Castle would enlist in the United States Marine Corps becoming a U.S. Marine Captain. He married his wife Maria, who was already pregnant with their first child prior to his enlistment.

During his time in the USMC, Castle graduated from boot camp and then went on to United States Marine Corps School of Infantry. Immediately after, he went through the USMC's Reconnaissance, Force Reconnaissance, and Sniper Schools. Attaining dockets, Castle was permitted to go through U.S. Army Airborne School, and U.S. Navy Underwater Demolition Team training, becoming qualified as a Navy SEAL (Sea, Air and Land). While still in training, Castle met Phan Bighawk, a Native American scout. He was assigned to be Castle's guide, and through Phan, he learned how to survive in the wilderness.

Following his training, Castle would serve in the Vietnam War in the Special Forces Unit as a point man. He fought in numerous engagements and was the only survivor (from both sides) of a Viet Cong assault on Valley Forge Firebase in 1971. For heroism in the line of duty, he was decorated with the Congressional Medal of Honor, the Navy Cross, 3 times the Silver Star and Bronze Stars, 4 times the Purple Heart, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

While still in his first tour, Castle met Lieutenant Burt Kenyon. Kenyon was a Marine serving in the same combat company as Castle in Vietnam. When the platoon came under fire, Castle was badly injured by a V.C. explosive and surrounded by the enemy. However, Kenyon calmly appeared, gunned down the Viet Cong and dragged Castle to safety. Kenyon said to Castle that he now owes him his life. Two months later, Kenyon was declared mentally unfit for service and was discharged. Years later, Kenyon became a hired assassin known as "The Hitman" and died in a battle against Castle.

After finishing his first tour of duty in Vietnam, he signed up for a second tour. Castle served a total of 4 years in the Vietnam War (1968 to 1971). Six years later (1976) after the American involvement in Vietnam ended, Castle ran Special Black Ops training missions for Marine Recon Commandos in the upper New York State area.

Death of family

In 1976, Castle, his wife, Maria and their children Lisa and Frank Jr. were in New York's Central Park for an afternoon picnic when they witnessed a Mafia gangland execution; an informant had been hanged from a tree. Seeking to eliminate all witnesses, the Costa crime family murdered them on the spot; however, Castle survived. Even though Frank was able to identify all of the shooters, the police were unable to help Castle in his quest for justice. They were tied in too deeply to the powerful Costa family. Grieving over his family's death and outraged at the incompetence of the police, Castle decided that the only punishment criminals might receive is that of physical destruction. Shortly thereafter, he emblazoned his body armor with a symbol of a skull, and began his mission of punishing the guilty. Since then, he has waged a one-man war on crime, taking the name "The Punisher".

Castle has since devoted his life to eradicating organized crime, using the nom de guerre of the Punisher, using his combat experience (four years as a United States Marine Corps Captain in a special operations unit in the Vietnam War), guerrilla warfare (combat assault attacks, assassinations, ambushes, hit and runs, bombings, using the enemies' own money, weapons and supplies against them), urban warfare (using the crowded city of New York to blend in and disappear), psychological warfare (putting fear into the hearts of criminals), using detective-like skills (talking to people, reading obtained files on the people he goes after, tracking and surveying the enemy), always adapting to the enemy such as using the Mafia's own methods and tactics against them (interrogating and torturing criminals to death in order to get information from them) and whatever resources and means may be necessary to do so, ranging from light anti-tank weaponry, to enraged polar bears, piranhas, and even a hydrogen bomb.

Vigilante crusade

The Punisher has fought virtually every known criminal organization including the Italian Mafia, the Russian Mafia, the Japanese Yakuza, the Colombian and Mexican drug cartels, the Chinese Triads, Jamaican Yardies, the Irish Mob, biker gangs, street gangs, gunrunning militias, muggers, killers, rapists, psychopaths, sadists, pedophiles, thieves and corrupt city officials. He also assaults criminal business enterprises such as drugs, weapons smuggling, money laundering and human trafficking. The Punisher has been fighting organized crime for long enough that he knows their modus operandi and can often predict their actions. Many of these organizations have tried to kill the Punisher, using both their own men and hired contract killers.

In his vigilante crusade, the Punisher has crossed paths with several costumed crimefighters, including Spider-Man and Daredevil. These encounters have often resulted in his incarceration. The Punisher has been rated as one of the most dangerous criminals alive. When he was incarcerated in New York’s Ryker's Island prison (a Marvel Universe version of real-life Rikers Island), though heavily outnumbered in gang fights, the Punisher had routinely killed armed, homicidal criminals with frightening ease, sustaining almost no injury. Due to his proficiency in fighting, he is rarely accosted in prison environments. Adhering to his military philosophies, the Punisher constantly trains whenever he is not out on action. He exercises fanatically to maintain his impressive physical conditioning and sticks to a balanced diet whenever possible.

The Punisher is highly mobile. He has many bases of operations and does not limit himself to working only in New York City. He has been to many places in the U.S. and around the globe, fighting crime in such places as the British Isles, Latin America (Central and South America), Europe, Russia and Afghanistan. The Punisher has an extensive criminal record due to his activities. The law enforcement such as the police, the FBI, the CIA and even S.H.I.E.L.D. are aware of his existence and have made many attempts to capture him; however, many rank-and-file law enforcement officials are reluctant to take action against him because most of them support his war on violent crime.

File:PUNWARJ009.jpg

Promotional art for Punisher War Journal #9 (vol. 2)
Art by Ariel Olivetti

Relation with superhero community

While the Punisher most often fights normal criminals, he has also had run-ins with some of Marvel's superhuman villains, including Bushwacker, Doctor Doom, The Reavers and Bullseye. Circumstances have even led him to battle Spider-Man, Daredevil, The Hulk and Wolverine, in addition to Marvel superspy Nick Fury, although on other occasions, several superheroes become allies and partners for brief times. Due to the Punisher's homicidal nature, few of his foes became recurring antagonists, the most notable of these being the severely scarred enforcer Jigsaw. The Punisher also acquired a nemesis in the form of the Kingpin, a longtime Spider-Man and Daredevil foe, and developed enmity with Daredevil himself, who likewise abhorred and fought against the Punisher's brutal methods. Castle's sidekick for a time, Microchip, was a techno-geek who could seemingly hack anything, but was later killed by Castle in The Punisher #6 (MAX).

Civil War

File:WARJOURNAL011.jpg

Punisher vs. the Winter Soldier on the cover of Punisher War Journal #11.

During the Civil War limited series, many superheroes in the rebellion opposing the Superhuman Registration Act object to the Punisher joining their ranks even after he rescues Spider-Man from the supervillains Jester and Jack O'Lantern, whom he kills. But when the Punisher kills the supervillains Plunderer and Goldbug, who arrive peacefully to join the rebellion, Captain America immediately ejects the Punisher. Following the events of Civil War and the death of Captain America, the Punisher dons a hybrid Captain America costume.

Abilities and training

The Punisher possesses the normal human strength of a man who engages in rigorous regular physical exercise. Frank Castle engages in a brutal regimen of calisthenics, katas and firing range practice daily, maintaining his combat skills.

The Punisher is a seasoned combat veteran of exceptional skills. A former U.S. Marine Captain with a distinguished combat record, Castle underwent sniper (his second tour in Vietnam was served as a sniper) and reconnaissance training while in the Corps. He also received U.S. Navy SEAL, UDT (Underwater Demolition Team), LRRP (Long Range Recon Patrol) training and airborne training with the U.S. Army and U.S. Navy Special Forces. It has also been revealed in both the Marvel Knights and MAX imprints of The Punisher that Castle did receive training, skills and expertise from the Australian Army's Special Air Service Regiment when he was on exchange with Australian military forces operating in South Vietnam during the Vietnam War. (It is also noted that while Castle was on exchange with the Australian SAS in Vietnam, he met Yorkie Mitchell, a British SAS soldier who was on exchange with the Australians at the same time. Mitchell would later become an agent for the British intelligence agency, MI6 and he would cross paths and work with Castle on a number of occasions during the Marvel Knights and MAX runs of The Punisher).

Castle is well-versed in the arts of warfare and hand-to-hand combat. His styles of choice being Nash Ryu Jujutsu (the four-style martial art founded by his Sensei Adam Nash) and the Marine Corps LINE combat system. He is an exceptional knife fighter who carries up to 3 or 4 different types of edged weapons, preferring the knife he learned to fight with in the USMC: the KA-BAR (in the 2004 Punisher movie he killed Harry Heck with a ballistic knife).

Armed solely with conventional weapons and motivated by a fanatical hatred for criminals like those who murdered his family, the Punisher has single-handedly incapacitated up to a dozen well-armed and experienced opponents in a single encounter and escaped almost uninjured. It is his military training and his attention to detail that allows him to achieve this. He is an exceptional marksman who is sometimes depicted as being ambidextrous in this respect. The Punisher Armory series illustrates some of his thinking and training.

Weapons

File:PUNMAX1.jpg

The Punisher's arsenal.

The Punisher employs a vast array of conventional firearms including machine guns, rifles, shotguns, handguns, knives, explosives and other weapons culled from common and organized criminals and military sources during his operations. A vast majority of his weapons have roots in military forces around the world, and typically employs weapons and accessories limited to military operations. He maintains and stores all his weapons and supplies in various warehouses and safehouses throughout New York, New Jersey, Connecticut and various other states. He employs this exhaustive arsenal in his war on criminals on a regular basis. Recently, he has acquired the Satan Claw, an extremely powerful gauntlet that amplifies the user's strength. It was taken from its previous holdings in a SHIELD armory, where it was being stored after the defeat of Baron Strucker. Castle then proceeded to test it out on the Rhino, seriously injuring him.

The Punisher often customizes his weapons for greater effectiveness with both standard and custom items including magnified optics, reflex sights, night vision scopes, flashlights, grenade launchers, sound and flash suppressors, bipods, high-capacity magazines and drums and various ammunition including hollow point or armor piercing bullets.

Throughout the Punisher's crusade against criminals, he occasionally used a number of high-tech transportations. During his early series, he used "battle vans" specially built and customized by his then-partner, Microchip. These vans were heavily armored, loaded with high-powered ammunitions with advanced telecommunication capabilities. Castle used these vans for surveillance and weapons transportation. He has also used motorcycles, helicopters, speed boats, or whatever he can find and use. In the Marvel MAX series, Castle resorts to basic equipment to track down his targets such as SUVs and Humvee vehicles.

At one point, the Punisher had a pet Rottweiler, "Max", which he had saved from a dog fighting ring.

Costume

The Punisher's first outfit was a form-fitting black Kevlar bodysuit with a large white skull on his chest. According to the character, this draws the attention and the aim of the criminals to his heavily armored body, instead of his more vulnerable head. Each tooth of the skull is actually spare ammunition for firearms. Castle has used this costume on occasion in mid-2000s stories outside of the Marvel MAX imprint.

The Marvel MAX Punisher chooses not to utilize any costume outside of a black shirt with a white skull splashed across the front. His other clothing, which has included combat boots, blazers, leather jackets, trench coats, bulletproof vests, body armor, battle dress uniforms, hoodies, and camouflage cloaks has been for the sake of protection or camouflage in urban and wilderness areas.

Personality

The Punisher differs from the majority of comic book protagonists. Whereas all are vigilantes in that they work outside the traditional system of law and order, the Punisher is a remorseless, cold-blooded killer. This often creates friction when he is forced to work alongside heroes like Spider-Man, Captain America, and Daredevil, many of whom abide by a "no-killing" rule which they insist he follow during collaborative efforts.

The Punisher possesses no superhuman abilities and succeeds solely through ingenuity and the rigorous training of his military upbringing, a finely honed killer instinct and an extensive arsenal of weapons culled from fallen foes and military allies.

Unlike most comic book heroes, Castle also has no dual identity, no "real world" job, no known hobbies, and few friends. He spends nearly all of his time planning his next hit, stopping only to recover from injuries or fatigue. Money taken from criminals is used to purchase food, weapons, ammunition, and pay the rent of his many safehouses.

The Punisher also disregards what the police and the public think of him, and has been known to kill corrupt cops. But in an event that he kills an innocent person, he will voluntarily turn himself in to justice. He is viewed as a dangerous criminal by the public and by most members of the superhero community, but many law enforcement personnel move against him only very reluctantly, because many honest police officers and federal agents view his actions as going after criminals and corrupt officials who feel they are beyond the law.

Views on criminal-justice system

Castle's years of vigilantism have made him increasingly cynical about the capabilities of the American justice system, especially in regard to its failure to successfully prosecute his family's homicide, due to the witnessed killer's false alibi and the mob's influence in the New York City Police Department. During Don Daley's run on The Punisher title, his version of justice was classically based as "an eye for an eye". Throughout both the Marvel Knights and MAX run of The Punisher, the given reason Castle kills those he regards as criminals (which include both circumstantially alleged and incontrovertible individuals) is his desire not to see average people becoming victims of crime and enduring the same kind of pain and loss he experienced. Some members of law enforcement are reluctant to arrest the Punisher because they believe he often deals with criminals that the law cannot convict.

The way writers have approached the Punisher's response to the criminal justice system has changed many times over the years, though not since his earliest days as a standalone character (when he would occasionally use "mercy bullets" to make his actions more palatable) has the Punisher been portrayed as a hero. When originally conceived, his approach was hard-edged, and frowned upon by more heroic characters, such as Spider-Man. While that much remains true, the 2000s have seen a more considered take on the character's behavior. There are repeated references to the Punisher's contradictory and paradoxical views on the criminal justice system, though in general Castle never addresses his morality in any depth; he justifies his actions through such generalizations as, "That's another monster gone." Minor characters who question his motivation sometimes reach violent ends, with Castle refusing discussion and turning violent if pressed. Even villains have sometimes pointed out the web of justifications and rationalisations within which the Punisher operates.

Castle has also stated he does not want others to follow his path, on the grounds that his personal war against criminals is his alone, and he harbors resentment toward other (usually short-lived) vigilantes, taking exception at what he sees as their lack of "professionalism".

Other versions

Earth-928

Set in the Marvel 2099 universe, where both a male and female Punisher exist. The first follows the story of Public Eye police officer, Jake Gallows, after the murder of his mother, brother and sister-in-law. Gallows comes across Frank Castle's war journal in the Public Eye archives, and took the mantle as the new Punisher. The second follows the story of Polly, a lab-bred humanoid. After reprogramming herself, she releases her mental inhibitors, gives herself free will, genius intelligence, a psychotic personality, and increases her strength to metahuman levels. Calling herself Vendetta, she feels that Jake Gallows isn’t efficient enough, and she decides to replace him in his work, only to later become his partner.

Earth-1610

Set in the Ultimate Marvel universe. This Punisher is not a Vietnam War veteran, but an ex-NYPD police officer, whose family was killed by corrupt police officers who knew Frank was going to expose them. The Punisher also appears in the Ultimate Marvel Team-Up #6-8, followed by Ultimate Spider-Man #61, and then re-appeared in the Ultimate Spider-Man Annual #2 in which he kills a corrupt cop named Jeanne De Wolfe.

Earth-2149

Set in the Marvel Zombies universe. The Punisher meets Ash Williams in the crossover arc Marvel Zombies vs. The Army of Darkness, which is actually occurring behind the scenes during the main zombie title. In this world, Castle is killed by zombies. He later resurfaces as a zombie, killing the Scarlet Witch at Doctor Doom's fortress.

Earth-2301

Set in the Marvel Mangaverse universe. In Tokyo, Sosumi Brown fights against the crime family of Skang Kee Ho as The Punisher. The Skang Kee family uses an Oni (Japanese demon) named Oni Yew to try and stop her, but her sister, Hashi Brown, finds out about her secret. In the process, she obtains a cursed weapon which she uses to slay the Oni and save her sister.

Earth-8311

Set in the Larval universe. The funny animal version of the Punisher is Frank Carple, an anthropomorphic shark who is also known as the The Punfisher.

Earth-9602

Set in the Amalgam universe. One story follows Trevor Castle, a mix of Frank Castle and DC Comics' Steve Trevor. Another story follows Banisher, a mix of the Punisher and DC Comics' Bane. Originally numbered Earth-962.

What If?...

The Punisher also exists in several What If?... multiverses.

• In issue #10 (vol. 2), his family is not killed in New York's Central Park by the Mafia.
• In issue #26 (vol. 2), he kills Daredevil, which leads to the death of Spider-Man, Aunt May, the Kingpin, and the Punisher himself.
• In issue #29 (vol. 2), Captain America forms the Avengers in the "present day"; the present day has been heavily influenced by eugenics and the Nazis' beliefs, and Castle himself is a racist who fights (black) crime in an Iron Man style suit of armor painted to resemble the traditional Punisher costume.
• In issue #44 (vol. 2), he becomes the recipient of the Venom symbiote instead of Eddie Brock.
• In issue #51 (vol. 2), he becomes Captain America.
• In issue #57 (vol. 2), he becomes an agent of S.H.I.E.L.D.

Other media

The Punisher (2004) Promotional film poster.

Film

Main articles: The Punisher (1989 film), The Punisher (2004 film), and Punisher: War Zone

A film adaptation was directed by Mark Goldblatt (later the film editor of X-Men: The Last Stand) and written by Boaz Yakin. It starred Dolph Lundgren as the Punisher with Louis Gossett, Jr. The film's most recognizable deviation from the comic books is the lack of the character's signature skull logo and the fact that the Punisher is a former cop.

A second film adaptation was directed by Jonathan Hensleigh (who wrote Die Hard: With a Vengeance) and starred Thomas Jane for the lead role with John Travolta as the main villain Howard Saint. This movie adaption was more faithful to the comic book and was loosely based on the Welcome Back, Frank comic. It was released in the U.S. on April 16, 2004. It was met with mixed reviews by critics and performed weakly at the box office. The DVD came with a limited edition (10,000 produced) mini-comic book written by Garth Ennis and drawn by Steve Dillon, chronicling Castle's time in Delta Force in the Gulf War, and later in the FBI.

An extended cut was released on November 21, 2006. It includes 17 minutes of additional footage, as well as a new animated introduction sequence known as the "Kuwait scene."

A third film, currently entitled Punisher: War Zone is set to be released sometime in 2008, but will have no relation with the 2004 film. It will be directed by Lexi Alexander with Ray Stevenson reprising the Punisher role.

Television

File:The Punisher on Spider-ManTAS.jpg

The Punisher in Spider-Man: The Animated Series.

In addition to the two films of 1989 and 2004, The Punisher also made three appearances in Spider-Man: The Animated Series in the 1990s, voiced by John Beck. He first appeared in the seventh episode of the second season, in part two of the Morbius three-part introduction and later appeared in the eighth episode of season four.

A robot duplicate of the Punisher also appeared in the season two episode of the 1992 X-Men TV series entitled "Mojovision", attacking Wolverine and Jean Grey.

Video games

Main articles: Punisher computer and video games and The Punisher (2005 video game)

The Punisher PlayStation 2 game

The Punisher has also been the main character in several computer and video games. The Punisher for Arcade and Sega Mega Drive was a side-scrolling beat 'em up in the vein of Double Dragon in which the Punisher and/or Nick Fury would engage various foes in hand-to-hand combat, occasionally drawing firearms in lieu of melee combat. The Punisher computer game for the Amiga and PC featured three different modes of gameplay: driving the Punisher's battle van, gunplay on foot and scuba diving.

A Punisher game was also released for the Game Boy system. It played in a manner similar to Operation Wolf, and featured a cameo appearance by Spider-Man. The Kingpin was the final boss in all versions except for Game Boy, which used Jigsaw.

For the NES system, the Punisher starred in a titular, side-scrolling action game that allows players to control an aiming cursor in an over-the-shoulder shooting-gallery environment.

The Punisher makes a cameo appearance in the 2000 PlayStation Spider-Man game, with Daran Norris providing his voice. The Punisher leads Spider-Man to "Warehouse 65", where Spider-Man must stop the symbiote cloning process. After Spider-Man foils Doctor Octopus, the Punisher is last seen playing cards with Spider-Man, Daredevil and Captain America.

He was mentioned by name at the beginning of the 2005 multiplatform game Marvel Nemesis: Rise of the Imperfects, and a torn piece of his shirt can be seen hanging in the cinematic opening.

On January 18, 2005, a new The Punisher game was released for the Xbox, PlayStation 2 and PC. It was developed by Volition, Inc. and published by THQ. Extremely violent, it directly draws upon the character's 2000s comic books. Some critics have praised the script and such innovations as brutal interrogation/torture sequences. Others have criticized the game's use of obscuring effects (such as removal of color to create a black-and-white image) during violent scenes to retain an ESRB rating of M for Mature. By one month after the game's release, it had sold over 2 million copies.

Toys

The Punisher has also appeared in the Marvel Legends toyline in series 4 and 6, modeled after his movie appearance, the Urban Legends boxed set, in the Face Off two-pack series in his classic outfit, and a variant similar to Tim Bradstreet's design. He was also given an action figure in the second series of Hasbro 12-inch Icons. The figure's design was also based on Bradstreet's art.

Popular culture

• In rock music, Dave Mustaine, a frontman of the heavy-metal band Megadeth, noted that the hit song "Holy Wars...The Punishment Due" was inspired by the Punisher, which Mustaine afterward stopped reading, stating "it's been commercialized".
• In music artists, the deceased rapper, Big Pun, derived his name from the Punisher character. He is also referred to in Tequila Sunrise by Cypress Hill
• In a TV series, the character Big Shot is a parody of the Punisher from the animated TV series, The Tick.
• In comic strip, The Polisher is a parody of the Punisher in Pol Medina, Jr.'s Pugad Baboy, played by its character, Polgas.
• In sports racing, Lions Gate Entertainment partnered with Kodak and Penske Racing ran a Punisher-themed race car driven by Brendan Gaughan during the March 28th, 2004 NASCAR NEXTEL Cup at Bristol Motor Speedway to promote the 2004 film. Actor Thomas Jane was present.

Bibliography

Main article: List of The Punisher comics

Reference

• Marvel.com - Official site