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Pete Best

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"Peter Best" redirects here. For the actor, see List of Harry Potter films cast members.
Pete Best

Pete Best (b. 24 November 1941, in Madras, India) is a British musician, best known as the original drummer for The Beatles.

After moving from India to Liverpool in 1945, Best's mother, Mona Best (1924-1988) started The Casbah Coffee Club in the cellar of the Best's house in Liverpool, which became very popular—the membership list grew to over a thousand—and where The Beatles (then known as The Quarrymen) played some of their first concerts. The club was also known as The Casbah Club, or simply The Casbah. Best played there with his first band, The Black Jacks, and later with The Beatles.

Best joined The Beatles on 12 August 1960, only one day before they were to go to Hamburg to play a season of concerts. He was dismissed from the group two years later, on 16 August 1962, but was never given a full explanation as to the reason why. He later worked as a civil servant for 20 years, before starting The Pete Best Band. Best has been married for over 40 years to Kathy Best; they have two daughters and four grandchildren.

India

Best's father, John Best, came from a family of sports promoters in Liverpool, who once owned and ran the Liverpool Stadium.[1][2] During World War II, he was a commissioned officer serving as a Physical Training Instructor in India, and was the Army's middleweight boxing champion.[1][3] Mona Best was born in Delhi, India, and was the daughter of a British army officer. Mona was training to become a doctor in the service of the Red Cross when she met John Best. After their marriage, both Best and his younger brother, Rory Best (b.1944) were born in India.[3][4] In 1945, the Best family sailed for four weeks to Liverpool on the Georgic, which was the last troop ship to leave India, and carried single and married soldiers who had previously been a part of General Sir William Slim's forces in south-east Asia. The ship docked in Liverpool on 25 December 1945.[5][6]

Liverpool

The Bests lived for a short time at John Best's family home in West Derby, called "Ellerslie Manor", until Mona fell out with John Best's sister, Edna, who resented her brother's choice of wife.[7] The family then moved to a small flat on Cases Street, Liverpool, but Mona was always looking for a large house—as she had been used to in India—instead of a smaller semi-detached house, which were prevalent in the area. After moving to 17 Queenscourt Road in 1948, where the Bests lived for nine years, Rory saw a large Victorian house for sale at 8 Hayman's Green, in 1957, and told Mona about it.[8] The Best family claim that Mona then pawned all her jewellery and placed a bet on a horse that was ridden by Lester Piggott in the 1954 Epsom Derby called, "Never Say Die", which won at 33-1, and used her winnings to buy the house in 1957.[9][10] The house had previously been owned by the West Derby Conservative Club, and was unlike many other family houses in Liverpool, as the house (built around 1860) was set back from the road, had 15 bedrooms and an acre of land.[11][12] All the rooms were painted dark green or brown, and the garden was totally overgrown.[13] Mona later opened The Casbah Coffee Club in its large cellar. The idea for the club first came from Best, as he asked his mother for somewhere his friends could meet and listen to the the popular music of the day.[10]

Best passed the 11-Plus examination at Blackmoor Park primary school in West Derby, and was studying at the Collegiate Grammar School in Shaw Street when he decided he wanted to be in a music group. Mona bought him a drum kit from Blackler's music store and Best formed his own band, The Black Jacks.[10][14][15] Chas Newby and Bill Barlow joined the group, as did Ken Brown, but only after he had left The Quarrymen.[16][17][18] The Black Jacks later became the resident group at The Casbah, after The Quarrymen cancelled their residency because of an argument about money.[19]

During 1960, Neil Aspinall became good friends with the young Best and subsequently rented a room in the Best's house. During one of the extended business trips of Best's father, Aspinall became romantically involved with Mona, who was 20 years his senior. Aspinall fathered a child by Mona—Vincent "Roag" Best, Mona's third son—who is Best's half-brother.[19] Aspinall later became The Beatles' road manager, and denied the story for years before publicly admitting that Roag was indeed his son.[20]

The Beatles and Hamburg

City map of Hamburg, showing the start of the Reeperbahn (lower middle left).

In 1960, Allan Williams arranged a season of bookings for The Beatles in Hamburg, starting on 12 August 1960, but said that he was not impressed with them as a musical group, and hoped that he could find a better act to follow them.[21]

Having no permanent drummer, Paul McCartney looked around for someone to fill the Hamburg position. Best had been seen playing with The Black Jacks in The Casbah, and it was noted that he had become a steady drummer, meaning that he played the bass drum on all four beats in the bar, which pushed the rhythm.[22] Best was known in Liverpool as being "mean, moody, and magnificent" by female fans, which convinced McCartney he would be good for the group.[23] After The Black Jacks broke up, McCartney asked Best to go to Hamburg with group, but lied by saying they would earn £15 per week each.[24][25] As Best had passed his school exams—unlike Lennon, McCartney and Harrison, who had failed most of them—he had the chance to go to a teacher-training college, but decided that playing in Hamburg would be a better career move.[26] Best had an audition in the Jacaranda club—owned by Williams—and travelled to Hamburg the very next day with The Beatles.[23][27] Williams later admitted that the audition with Best was not needed, as The Beatles hadn't found any other drummer willing to travel to Hamburg, but didn't tell Best in case he asked for more money.[28]

The Beatles first played at the Indra club in Hamburg, but slept in the Bambi Kino (cinema) in small, dirty rooms, which were noisy, cold, and directly behind the screen. Upon first seeing the Indra, Best remembered it as being a depressing place that was filled with a few tourists, and having heavy, old, red curtains that made it seem shabby compared to the larger Kaiserkeller.[29] As Best had been the only one to take O-Level German at school, he could communicate with Bruno Koschmider—the club's owner—and the clientele better than the rest of the group.[30] After the closure of the Indra because of complaints about the noise, The Beatles played in the Kaiserkeller.[31][32] In October 1960, they left Koschmider's club to work at the Top Ten Club, which was run by Peter Eckhorn, as he offered the group more money, and a slightly better place to sleep, though by doing so they broke their contract with Koschmider.[33][34] When Best and McCartney went back to the Bambi Kino to get their belongings they found it in almost total darkness. As a snub to Koschmider, Best found a condom in his luggage, attached it to a nail on the concrete wall of the room, and set fire to it.[35] There was no real damage done, but Koschmider reported them both for attempted arson. Best and McCartney spent three hours in a local jail and were deported—as was George Harrison, for working under the legal age limit on 30 November 1960.[36][37][23]

Back in Liverpool, no-one contacted each other for two weeks, but Mona and Best made numerous phone calls to Hamburg to recover the group's equipment, which they eventually managed to do.[38] The ex-Black Jacks guitarist Newby was invited to play bass with them for four concerts, as Sutcliffe had decided to stay on in Hamburg.[39] Newby was shocked at the vast improvement of their playing and singing, and remembered Best's drumming to be very powerful, which pushed the group to play harder and louder.[40] It was probably due to McCartney that Best developed a loud drumming style, as he would often tell Best in Hamburg to "Crank it up" (play as loud as possible).[41] Newby played with the group at Litherland Town Hall and at The Casbah.[42] When the group returned to Hamburg, Best was invited to sing a speciality number called "Peppermint Twist" while McCartney played the drums, but Best always felt uncomfortable being at the front of the stage.[43]

My Bonnie

The reunited Beatles returned to Hamburg in April 1961. While playing at the Top Ten Club they were recruited by singer Tony Sheridan to act as his backing band on a series of recordings for the German Polydor Records label, produced by bandleader Bert Kaempfert.[44][45] Kaempfert signed the group to a Polydor contract at the first session on June 22 1961. On 31 October 1961, Polydor released the recording "My Bonnie" (Mein Herz ist bei dir nur) which appeared on the German charts under the name "Tony Sheridan and The Beat Brothers"—a generic name used for whoever happened to be in Sheridan's backup band.[46] The song was later released in the UK.[47]

Parlophone audition

The Beatles played a Parlophone audition at Abbey Road Studios for George Martin on 6 June 1962.[48] Ron Richards and his engineer Norman Smith recorded four songs, which Martin (who was not present during the recording) listened to at the end of the session. The recording convinced Martin that the group was good enough to be signed to a contract (even though he had already signed a contract with Brian Epstein) but with one exception; Martin and his engineers did not like Best's playing.[49][50][23]

Dismissal

When the group heard that Martin did not like Best's drumming, Lennon, McCartney and Harrison asked Epstein—who had taken over as manager in January—to fire Best from the band.[51] Before Epstein became The Beatles' manager, Best had arranged all the bookings in Liverpool, after they had parted company with Williams.[52][53] Epstein agonised about the decision, and asked Bob Wooler if it was a good idea, to which Wooler replied that Best was too popular with the fans to get rid of him.[54] Nevertheless, Epstein dismissed Best on 16 August 1962, which was almost exactly two years after Best had joined the group.[24][53]

Aspinall was waiting downstairs in Epstein's NEMS record shop after Best's dismissal, and was the first one to talk to the then ex-Beatle in The Grapes pub, across from The Cavern Club, where The Beatles had often played.[55] Aspinall was furious and said that he would stop working for them as well—he had been employed as the band's road manager and personal assistant—but Best strongly advised him not to. Aspinall decided to stay, but ended his relationship with Mona (and his three-week-old baby, Roag). Aspinall asked McCartney and Lennon at the next concert why they had fired Best, to which they replied, "It’s got nothing to do with you—you’re only the driver."[56]

Ringo Starr took Best's place, as Starr had previously played with Rory Storm and the Hurricanes, the alternate band in the Kaiserkeller, and had stepped in to drum with The Beatles in Hamburg and Liverpool when Best was ill or unable to play.[49][57] Best's dismissal was reported on the front-page of the Mersey Beat magazine, upsetting many Beatles' fans. The Beatles had to suffer jeers and heckling in the street and on stage for weeks afterwards, with fans shouting, "Ringo never, Pete Best forever!" One agitated fan head-butted Harrison in The Cavern, giving him a black eye.[23][58] Lennon would later comment about Best's dismissal by saying, "We were cowards, we got Epstein to do the dirty work for us."[9]

Reasons for Best's dismissal

File:Best Sutcliffe and Harrison.jpg
Best wearing a white shirt on stage in Hamburg, with Sutcliffe and Harrison in black leather jackets (1961).

Best has never been told why he was dismissed from The Beatles, as the only reason Epstein gave was, "The lads don't want you in the group anymore".[53] It has been documented that while Lennon, McCartney, and Harrison usually spent their offstage time together in Hamburg and Liverpool, writing songs or socialising, Best generally went off alone. This left Best on the outside, as he was not privy to many of the group's experiences, references, and in-jokes.[59]

On their first trip to Hamburg, The Beatles realised that the stage suits they wore could not stand up to the hours of sweating and jumping about on stage every night, so they all bought leather jackets, jeans and cowboy boots, which were much tougher. Best preferred to play in shirtsleeves, so didn't follow the style of the group, even though he was later photographed wearing a leather jacket and jeans.[60] Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, and Sutcliffe were introduced to drugs in Hamburg. As they had to play for hours every night, they often took Preludin to keep themselves awake, which were given to them by German customers or by Astrid Kirchherr, whose mother bought them.[23] Lennon would often take four or five, but Best always refused to join in.[61][62]

Kirchherr asked the Beatles if they would mind letting her take photographs of them in a photo session, which impressed them, as other groups only had snapshots that were taken by friends. The next morning Kirchherr took photographs in a municipal park called "der Dom" which was close to the Reeperbahn, and in the afternoon she took them all—minus Best who decided not to go—to her mother's house in Altona.[63][23] Best was described by Dot Rhone—McCartney's girlfriend at the time, who later visited Hamburg—as being very quiet, and never taking part in conversations with the group.[64]

Best's popularity with fans was a source of friction, as many female fans considered Best to be the band's best-looking member.[65] In addition, Epstein became exasperated with Best's refusal to adopt the mop-top-style Beatle haircut as part of their unified look, although Best later claimed that he was never asked to change his hairstyle. In a 1995 BBC Radio Merseyside interview, Kirchherr, who was former bassist Sutcliffe's girlfriend at the time, explained:

My boyfriend, Klaus Voorman, had this hairstyle, and Stuart liked it very, very much. He was the first one who really got the nerve to get the Brylcreem out of his hair, and asking me to cut his hair for him. Pete Best has really curly hair, and it wouldn't work.[66]

Radio Merseyside presenter, Spencer Leigh, wrote a book chronicling Best's firing, suggesting that the other members, McCartney in particular, were jealous.[67] During the Teenagers' Turn showcase in Manchester, John, Paul and George walked on stage to applause, but when Best walked on, the girls screamed.[65] Best was surrounded at the stage door afterwards by attentive females while the other members were ignored after signing a few autographs. McCartney's father, Jim McCartney, was present at the time and admonished Best by saying: "Why did you have to attract all the attention? Why didn't you call the other lads back? I think that was very selfish of you".[65] Jim later encountered the dismissed Best in The Cavern Club when a Beatles' gig was being recorded for the ITV series Know the North, and said "Great, isn't it! They're on TV!" Observers reported that Best said nothing, and quietly left.[68]

Although Martin used a session drummer for The Beatles' first single—as many producers did at the time—he was shocked that Epstein had sacked Best:

He seemed to be the most saleable commodity as far as looks went. It was a surprise when I learned that they had dropped Pete. The drums were important to me for a record, but they didn’t matter much otherwise. Fans don’t pay particular attention to the quality of the drumming".[69]

Martin used a session musician, Andy White, on the third session for "Love Me Do" on 11 September, and not Starr, who was Best's replacement.[70]

After The Beatles

Soon after Best was dismissed, Epstein tried to console him by offering to build another group around him, but Best turned him down. Feeling let-down and depressed, he sat at home for two weeks—not wanting to face anybody or answer the inevitable questions about why he had been sacked.[51] Best joined Lee Curtis & the All Stars, which then broke off from Curtis and became Pete Best & the All Stars. They signed to Decca Records—who had previously rejected The Beatles—and released the single "I'm Gonna Knock On Your Door", which was not a hit.[71] Best later relocated to the United States along with songwriters Wayne Bickerton and Tony Waddington. As The Pete Best Four, and later as The Pete Best Combo (increasing their number to five) they toured America with a combination of 1950s songs and original tunes, recording for small labels, but had little success.[71] They ultimately released an album on Cameo Records titled Best Of The Beatles; a play on Best's name, leading to disappointment for record buyers who expected a Beatles' compilation. The group disbanded shortly afterwards. Bickerton and Waddington were to find greater success as songwriters in the 1970s, writing a series of hits by the Rubettes.

Later years

Collage of The Beatles Anthology, showing the centre photo on the far left that was ripped to remove Best's head.

Best decided to leave show business, and by the time of Hunter Davies' 1968 authorised Beatles' biography, he was not willing to talk about his Beatles' association. He once tried to commit suicide, but was talked out of it by his mother, Mona, and his brother, Rory.[9] Best did shift work loading bread into the back of delivery vans, earning £8 a week, and married a girl named Kathy (in 1968) who worked behind the biscuit counter at a Woolworth's store. He later became a civil servant for 20 years. [9] Best's marriage has lasted for more than 40 years with Kathy, and they have two daughters (Babs and Bonita) and four grandchildren.[72]

In time, Best began giving interviews to the media, wrote about his time with The Beatles, and served as a technical advisor for the television movie Birth of the Beatles. Best found a modicum of independent fame, and has admitted to being a fan of his former band's music, and owning their records.[73] When the surviving Beatles released Anthology in 1995, which featured a number of tracks with Best as drummer, Best received a substantial windfall—between £1 million and £4 million—from the sales, although he was not interviewed for the book or the documentaries.[74][75] Best's head on an early group photo on the Anthology DVD cover (Episodes 1 & 2) was ripped out, and a picture of Starr was put in the background, although Best can be seen to the left of the ripped photo standing in front of Aspinall's van outside The Cavern.[23]

The Pete Best Band

Pete Best has been regularly touring the U.S. with The Pete Best Band, sharing the drumming with his younger brother Roag.[76] 6 July 2007, marked the 50th Anniversary of the day John Lennon and Paul McCartney were introduced to each other in Woolton, and while the reunited Quarrymen were performing across the Atlantic in Liverpool, England, the Pete Best Band was appearing in Liverpool, New York, on the same evening for American Beatles' fans.[77][78] On 6 July 2007, Pete Best was inducted into the All You Need Is Liverpool Music Hall of Fame as the debut Charter Member. Best was presented with a framed certificate before his band performed.[79]

Pete Best Discography

  • Live at the Adelphi Liverpool 1988 - 1992 CD
  • Heaven b/w Fool In Love - 1990 British Vinyl 45 + Picture Sleeve
  • Back to the Beat - 1995 CD (live)
  • Once a Beatle, Always a Beatle - 1996 CD
  • Casbah Coffee Club 40th Anniversary Limited Edition - 1999 CD
  • CCC 4 Track Sampler - 2000 CD single (3 bonus tracks)
  • Best of The Beatles - 2005 DVD features 3 new PBB studio recordings

Notes

  1. ^ a b Roag and Pete Best "The Beatles: The True Beginnings" 2003 p1
  2. ^ Liverpool Stadium and Johnny Best lmu.livjm.ac.uk - Retrieved 1 December 2007
  3. ^ a b Pest Best biog iol.ie/~beatlesireland - Retrieved 7 November 2007
  4. ^ Mona Best biog iol.ie/~beatlesireland - Retrieved 7 November 2007
  5. ^ Roag and Pete Best "The Beatles: The True Beginnings" 2003 p17
  6. ^ General Sir William Slim and the Georgic red-duster.co.uk - Retrieved 26 November 2007
  7. ^ Roag and Pete Best "The Beatles: The True Beginnings" 2003 p21
  8. ^ 17 Queenscourt Road beatlestours.co.uk - Retrieved 1 December 2007
  9. ^ a b c d Pete Best is a happy man - 7 April 2007 dailymail.co.uk - Retrieved 5 November 2007 Cite error: The named reference "BestHappyMan" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  10. ^ a b c Spitz 2005 p161
  11. ^ Roag and Pete Best "The Beatles: The True Beginnings" 2003 p16
  12. ^ Miles 1997 p57
  13. ^ Photos of The Casbah Club samleach.com - Retrieved 10 October 2007
  14. ^ Icons: A Portrait of England casbahcoffeeclub.com - Retrieved 26 November 2007
  15. ^ Radio DJ Jim Ladd interview with Best .eskimo.com - Retrieved 26 November 2007
  16. ^ Spitz 2005 pp4-5
  17. ^ Davies p30
  18. ^ Spitz 2005 pp164-165
  19. ^ a b Cynthia Lennon “John” 2006 p44 Cite error: The named reference "CynthiaJohnp44" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  20. ^ Aspinall and his relationship with Mona Best - “Faces of the week” - 13 April 2007 news.bbc.co.uk - Retrieved 3 November 2007
  21. ^ Spitz 2005 p203
  22. ^ Spitz 2005 p204
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h ”The Beatles Anthology” DVD 2003 (Episode 1 - 0:39:26) McCartney talking Best’s reputation in Liverpool Cite error: The named reference "”TheBeatlesAnthologyDVD”" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  24. ^ a b Miles 1997 p57
  25. ^ Cynthia Lennon “John” 2006 pp69-70
  26. ^ Spitz 2005 p6
  27. ^ My Beatle Days, by Pete Best triumphpc.com - Retrieved 26 November 2007
  28. ^ Goldsmith 2004 p46
  29. ^ Spitz 2005 p208
  30. ^ Cynthia Lennon “John” 2006 p77
  31. ^ Miles 1997 pp57-8
  32. ^ Cynthia Lennon “John” 2006 p76
  33. ^ Cynthia Lennon “John” 2006 p93
  34. ^ Miles 1997 pp71-72
  35. ^ Spitz 2005 p230
  36. ^ Miles 1997 pp72-73
  37. ^ Lewisohn p24
  38. ^ Spitz 2005 p231
  39. ^ Photo of Chas Newby beatlesource.com - Retrieved 5 November 2007
  40. ^ Spitz 2005 p5
  41. ^ Spitz 2005 p214
  42. ^ Spitz 2005 p234
  43. ^ Best and "Peppermint Twist" eskimo.com - Retrieved 26 November 2007
  44. ^ Cynthia Lennon “John” 2006 p97
  45. ^ LewisohnChronicles
  46. ^ Spitz 2005 p250
  47. ^ “My Bonnie“ / “The Saints“ 23 April 1962. Polydor NH 66833 (Tony Sheridan and The Beat Brothers)
  48. ^ Martin (All You Need Is Ears) 1994 pp120-123
  49. ^ a b Miles 1997 p90
  50. ^ Spitz 2005 p318
  51. ^ a b Cynthia Lennon “John” 2006 p119
  52. ^ Cynthia Lennon “John” 2006 p106
  53. ^ a b c Spitz 2005 p330
  54. ^ Spitz 2005 p329
  55. ^ Spitz 2005 p331
  56. ^ Aspinall, The Beatles and money - Mersey Beat triumphpc.com - Retrieved 11 February 2007
  57. ^ Best and Bill Harry on Rory Storm triumphpc.com - Retrieved 5 November 2007
  58. ^ Cynthia Lennon “John” 2006 p120
  59. ^ The Sacking Of Pete Best iol.ie/~beatlesireland - Retrieved 31 May 2007
  60. ^ Spitz 2005 pp213-214
  61. ^ Miles 1997 pp66-67
  62. ^ Spitz 2005 p219
  63. ^ Spitz 2005. p223
  64. ^ Spitz 2005 p246
  65. ^ a b c Spitz 2005 p322
  66. ^ Kirchherr's interview on BBC Radio Merseyside's 500th "On The Beat" programme - Saturday 26 August 1995 members.aol.com - Retrieved 21 May 2007
  67. ^ Leigh “Drummed Out!: The Sacking of Pete Best“ 1998
  68. ^ Clayson “Paul McCartney“ (Beatle) 2004
  69. ^ Harry 2001 - The Beatles’ Encyclopedia
  70. ^ Spitz 2005 p353
  71. ^ a b After The Beatles petebest.com/1963 - Retrieved 4 December 2007
  72. ^ Till there was Ringo – 13 June 2004 theage.com.au - Retrieved 26 November 2007
  73. ^ Pete Best interview retrosellers.com - Retrieved 21 May 2007
  74. ^ Money from sales liverpoolecho.co.uk - Retrieved 5 November 2007
  75. ^ Money from Anthology lakeconews.com - Retrieved 5 November 2007
  76. ^ Pete best homepage petebest.com - Retrieved 21 November 2007
  77. ^ Quarrymen reunion originalquarrymen.co.uk - Retrieved 5 November 2007
  78. ^ Liverpool, NY map google.co.uk/maps - Retrieved 21 November 2007
  79. ^ Best being inducted to the Hall Of Fame mccaffreysworld.com - Retrieved 5 November 2007

References

  • Best, Roag and Pete (2003). The Beatles: The True Beginnings. Thomas Dunne. ISBN 0312319258.
  • Harry, Bill (Rev Upd edition 2001). The Beatles Encyclopedia. Virgin Publishing. ISBN 978-0753504819. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  • Clayson, Alan (2004). Paul McCartney (Beatle). Sanctuary Publishing Limited. ISBN 1-86074-482-6.
  • Davies, Hunter (2004). The Beatles. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0393315714.
  • Goldsmith, Martin (2004). The Beatles Come to America. Wiley. ISBN 978-0471469643.
  • Leigh, Spencer (1998). Drummed Out!: The Sacking of Pete Best. Northdown Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1900711043.
  • Lennon, Cynthia (2006). John. Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 0-340-89828-3.
  • Lewisohn, Mark (1990). EMI's The Complete Beatles Recording Sessions: The Official Story of the Abbey Road Years. Hamlyn. ISBN 0-681-03189-1.
  • Martin, George (1994). All You Need Is Ears. St. Martin's Griffin (New York). ISBN 978-0312114824.
  • Miles, Barry (1997). Many Years From Now. Vintage-Random House. ISBN 0-7493-8658-4.
  • Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography. Little, Brown and Company (New York). ISBN 1-84513-160-6.
  • The Beatles (2003). The Beatles Anthology (DVD). Apple records. ASIN: B00008GKEG (Bar Code: 24349 29699).
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