Dodge Dart

Dodge Dart
Overview
Manufacturer	Dodge
Production	1960-1976
Body and chassis
Class	Passenger car
Layout	FR layout
Related	Plymouth Valiant, Chrysler Valiant
Chronology
Predecessor	Dodge Lancer (For compact version)
Successor	Dodge Aspen

The Dodge Dart was an automobile built by the Dodge division of the Chrysler Corporation from 1960 to 1976. The Dart was introduced as a lower-priced, shorter wheelbase, full-size Dodge in 1960 and 1961, became a mid-size car for 1962, and finally was a compact between 1963 and 1976. Dodge also used the "Dart" name for a Ghia-built show car in the 1950s.

1960

First generation
Overview
Production	1960-1961
Assembly	Windsor, Ontario, Canada
Body and chassis
Body style	4-door sedan 4-door wagon 2-door sedan 2-door hardtop
Powertrain
Engine	225 in³ (3.7 L) Slant-6 318 in³ (5.2 L) V8 361 in³ (5.9 L) V8 383 in³ (6.3 L) V8
Transmission	3-speed manual 3-speed Torqueflite automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	Template:Auto in
Length	Template:Auto in
Width	Template:Auto in
Height	Template:Auto in

The first Dodge Darts, introduced for the 1960 model year, were reduced-size large cars developed to replace the Plymouth as the low-priced car for the Dodge dealer network; Dodge dealers had been selling Plymouths since 1930, but divisional restructuring in 1960 took Plymouth away from the Dodge dealer network. The Dart had a shorter wheelbase than the standard-size Dodge line, and was based on the Plymouth platform. The Dart line was divided into three trim levels: the basic Seneca, the mid-range Pioneer, and the premium Phoenix. The all-new Dart came with an all-new engine as standard equipment: the 225 in³ (3.7 L) Slant-6. 318 in³ (5.2 L) and 361 in³ (5.9 L) V8s were also available with 2bbl or 4bbl carburetors, and with single or dual exhaust.

The Dart was instantly and highly popular. Sales of the Dart outstripped those of the full-size Dodge Matador and Dodge Polara, but it also created an in-house competitor for Plymouth. Even advertising from 1960 and 1961 compared the Dart to the "C" car (Chevrolet), the "F" car (Ford) and the "P" car (Plymouth). Darts equipped with the 225 slant-6 were extremely popular as taxicabs.

As Dart sales climbed, Plymouth's sales dropped and Chrysler's corporate heads did nothing to stop the infighting between the divisions. Dart sales were so strong in 1960 that Dodge had to cut back its medium-priced model lineup. The full-size, mid-priced Matador was discontinued after the 1960 model year as buyers flocked to the better-appointed and less expensive Dart Pioneer. The premium Polara was left alone to wage battle in the medium-price segment.

1961

For 1961, the Dart remained the smallest full-size Dodge. It retained 1960's 118 in (2997 mm) wheelbase, and was restyled to emulate the larger Polara. The same three trim levels were available as in 1960: the premium Phoenix, mid-range Pioneer, and base Seneca.

Engine choices included the 225 in³ (3.7 L) Slant-6, and the 318 in³ (5.2 L) and 361 in³ (5.9 L) V8s were also available in various configurations. Phoenix convertibles were all equipped with V8 engines. Beginning in mid-year, some Darts ordered with the 225 in³ engine were equipped with the die-cast aluminum block. Darts in all series were equipped as standard with three-speed, column-shifted manual transmissions. Chrysler's pushbutton-shifted TorqueFlite automatic was available at extra cost. The alternator, introduced as standard equipment in 1960 on the Valiant, was installed rather than the previous DC generator on all 1961 Chrysler products, including the Dart.

But Virgil Exner's 1961 styling with its reverse fins, rear fender scalloping and concave grille was highly unpopular with consumers. There was also an adverse reaction to the low positioning and small size of the Dart's tail lights positioned just above the corners of the bumper; drivers in other cars complained that they couldn't see them. The wraparound taillights were designed to provide side visibility at night, but the majority of the light was projected sideward, not rearward. By mid-year, Dodge was forced to make auxiliary taillights available at extra cost through its dealer network. However, these large round lights were mounted near the inboard side of the reverse fins, and aggravated the already awkward styling.

As a result, Dodge saw Dart sales drop by 53% to 142,000 units. And that was just the beginning of the bad news for Dodge in 1961. Of the total number of Darts sold, almost half—66,100—were sold in the Dart's least expensive model, the Seneca. Combined sales of the Dart and the Polara were lower than Plymouth's sales for 1961. Dodge ranked ninth in sales in the American market in 1961, down from sixth place in 1960. Sales of the compact Dodge Lancer were 74,773 units compared to its Plymouth twin, the Valiant, which sold 143,078 units for the same year.

The Lancer aside, production of the 1961 model year saw Dodge's total production drop below that of the slow selling 1959 model year and dangerously close to the disastrous Eisenhower recession year of 1958.

1962

Second generation
Promotional artwork of the 1962 Dart.
Overview
Production	1962
Assembly	Newark, Delaware
Body and chassis
Body style	4-door sedan 4-door hardtop 4-door wagon 2-door sedan 2-door hardtop 2-door convertible
Related	Plymouth Savoy Plymouth Belvedere Plymouth Fury DeSoto Diplomat
Powertrain
Engine	225 in³ (3.7 L) Slant-6 318 in³ (5.2 L) V8 361 in³ (5.9 L) V8
Transmission	3-speed manual 3-speed Torqueflite automatic

For 1962, the Dart was downsized as part of Chrysler's hastily planned effort to compete with what company leaders thought would be downsized large cars from Chevrolet, but turned out to be the compact-sized Chevy II Nova, which was introduced as a basic front-engined compact to better compete with the Ford Falcon, Rambler American and Plymouth Valiant than the rear-engined Corvair could. Chevrolet continued to field the Impala as a genuinely full-size car, and the Dart was perceived more as an intermediate like Ford's newly-introduced Fairlane than as a true full-size car. The Polara shared the body change with the Dart, but was offered in higher trim. Dodge dealers voiced their displeasure at being unable to offer consumers a true "full-size" car. To placate its dealer network, Chrysler hastily created the Dodge Custom 880 by mating its 1961 Dodge Polara front clip to its 1962 Chrysler Newport's de-finned body. Debuting in January 1962, the Custom 880 helped to remind customers that Dodge indeed offered a full-size car.

Styling aside, the new Dart was on an all-new lightweight unibody platform, featuring Chrysler's well-received torsion-bar front suspension and asymmetric leaf springs. The rigidity gained through the nearly-pure unibody platform combined with the suspension's low unsprung weight and near-ideal geometry provided sound handling, braking, and acceleration; the latter especially with the mid-year 415 hp (309 kW) "Ramcharger" 413 in³ (6.8 L) V8 which was aimed primarily at sanctioned drag racing, where it quickly broke performance records. Chrysler continued to use this platform, with minor variations continued through 1981 and in several models, the final variation being tagged R-body.

The Seneca, Pioneer and Phoenix trim levels were dropped in 1962. Dart trim levels became Dart, Dart 330, Dart 440, and Dodge Polara 500, the latter being offered in 2-door hardtop and convertible styles only with a 4-door hardtop added in December. The Polara 500 was not built or sold in Canada, and the Dart series were the same as in the U.S.

1963–1966

Third generation
Overview
Production	1963-1966
Assembly	Belvidere, Illinois Detroit, Michigan Hamtramck, Michigan Los Angeles, California St. Louis, Missouri
Body and chassis
Body style	4-door sedan 4-door wagon 2-door hardtop coupe 2-door convertible
Platform	A-body
Related	Plymouth Valiant Plymouth Barracuda Chrysler Valiant
Powertrain
Engine	170 in³ (2.8 L) Slant-6 225 in³ (3.7 L) Slant-6 273 in³ (4.5 L) V8
Transmission	4-speed manual 3-speed manual 3-speed Torqueflite automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	Template:Auto in Wagon: Template:Auto in
Length	Template:Auto in Wagon: Template:Auto in
Width	Template:Auto in
Height	Template:Auto in

For 1963, Dodge dropped the Lancer nameplate and applied the Dart name to Dodge's newly-designed "senior compact", a marketing term referring to the wheelbase having grown to 111 in (2819 mm) from the Lancer's 106.5 in. This 111-inch (2,800 mm) wheelbase would underpin all Darts from 1963 to 1976. The only exception was the 1963-1966 Dart station wagon, which used the Valiant's shorter 106 in (2692 mm) wheelbase. The Dart was available as a 2 or 4-door sedan, a 2-door hardtop coupe, a station wagon, and a convertible. Three trim levels were offered: the low-spec 170, the high-spec 270, and the premium GT, which was available only as a 2-door hardtop or convertible. The Dart was an instant market success, with 1963 sales up sharply compared to those of the 1962 Lancer, and the Dart remained extremely popular through the end of the Dart's production run in 1976.

Initial engine offerings were two sizes of the slant-6 — a 170 in³ (2.8 L), 101 hp (75 kW) version was fitted as standard equipment, and a 225 in³ (3.7 L), 145 hp (108 kW) version was available for less than $50 extra. The aluminum engine block for the 225 was discontinued early in the 1963 model year. After the start of the 1964 model year, an all-new, compact, lightweight 273 in³ (4.5 L) LA V8 producing 180 hp (134 kW) with a 2-barrel carburetor was introduced as the top engine option. 1964 was the last year for pushbutton control of the optional Torqueflite automatic transmission, so 1963 and 1964 models were the only compact Darts so equipped.

In 1965, a new Charger 273 version of the 273 engine was released with a 4-barrel carburetor, 10.5:1 compression, a more aggressive camshaft with solid tappets, and other upgrades which increased output to 235 hp (175 kW). At the same time, the Dodge Dart Charger was offered. The Dart Chargers were yellow Dart GT hardtops with black interiors, Charger 273 engine, premium mechanical and trim specifications, and special "Charger" badging. They were the first Dodge models to bear the "Charger" name. The following year the larger B-body Dodge Charger was introduced, and the "Charger" name was thenceforth associated with Dart models only in the "Charger 225" marketing name for the optional larger 6-cylinder engine.

Other new options for 1965 included upgraded suspension components and larger 14-inch (360 mm) wheels and tires. Factory-installed air conditioning became available after the start of the 1965 model year, as well as disc brakes, which required the 14-inch (360 mm) wheels to clear the calipers.

Dodge offered an ultra high performance version of the Dart GT in 1966. Known as the D Dart for its intended competitive use in NHRA's D/Stock class, the 273 was tweaked to produce 275 horsepower (205 kW). Most of the power came from a larger carburetor and a more radical camshaft. The bulletin sent to the dealers from Chrysler also mentions an 8.75-inch (222 mm) ring gear axle sporting a 4.89:1 gear ratio being installed on the car. This car did not carry Chrysler's 5 year/50,000 mile warranty

1964 Dart Station Wagon

1967–1969

Fourth generation
Overview
Production	1967-1969
Assembly	Belvidere, Illinois Detroit, Michigan Hamtramck, Michigan Los Angeles, California St. Louis, Missouri
Body and chassis
Body style	4-door sedan 2-door sedan 2-door hardtop 2-door convertible
Platform	A-body
Related	Plymouth Valiant Plymouth Barracuda Chrysler Valiant
Powertrain
Engine	170 in³ (2.8 L) Slant-6 225 in³ (3.7 L) Slant-6 273 in³ (4.5 L) V8 318 in³ (5.2 L) V8 340 in³ (5.6 L) V8 383 in³ (6.3 L) V8 440 in³ (7.2 L) V8
Transmission	4-speed manual 3-speed manual 3-speed Torqueflite automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	Template:Auto in

The Dart and its sister model, the Plymouth Valiant, were significantly redesigned for the 1967 model year. In addition to new styling, the cars received revised steering systems, wider front track (and wider spaced rails) and redesigned K-members capable of accepting physically larger engines. The Dart would keep this basic form, with a few facelifts consisting of revised front and rear end styling and interior trim, until the end of A-body production in 1976 (US/Canada/Mexico) and 1983 (South America).

The restyled Dart for 1967 featured a rear window (backlight) with compound inverse curves. This created a unique appearance at the rear of the greenhouse, but tended to collect snow and created thick C-pillars that looked formal but created blindspots for drivers. Curved side glass was used for the first time on a Chrysler compact. Up front, there was a new dual-plane front end contour: the center section of the grille, bumper and leading edge of the hood were recessed from the front plane of the car. The single headlamps were placed forward of the recessed center section, defining the front plane. (There are reports Chrysler stylists were forced to use round headlamps after having originally created the front end arrangement anticipating timely US government approval of rectangular headlights, which did not occur. DOT records do not support this notion, but additional research is in progress on the matter.) Park/turn lamps were set into the grille, in the corners formed by the transition area between the recessed and forward sections. This same front end treatment, with minor cosmetic changes to the grille and the park/turn lamps relocated to the front bumper, was also used by Chrysler Australia for their 1967 VE-model Valiant.

With the new design, changes were made to the Dart line-up, beginning with the elimination of its station wagons and the base model's "170" designation. The only body styles were the 2 and 4 door sedans, the hardtop, and the convertible. The base 170 model was now badged simply as Dart. The 270 and GT versions carried on unchanged for the most part. In late 1967, the GTS model debuted but was built in limited quantities due to its lateness in the model year; the 1968 GTS would be, arguably, improved by fitting the new high-outout 340 in³ (5.6 L) V8 engine as standard equipment.

The 2-door sedan was dropped at the end of 1968 and replaced with the Swinger 2-door hardtop for 1969. Also added was the Swinger 340.

Engines

The 170 in³ Slant-6 engine remained standard equipment, though its power rating rose from 101 bhp (75 kW) to 115 bhp (86 kW) for 1967, owing to the installation of the 225 engine's larger carburetor and the revised camshaft the bigger engine had received in 1965. For North American domestic-market vehicles, the base 170 engine was replaced for 1970 with a stronger new 198 in³ (3.2 L) version of the slant-6. This new base engine was also less costly to make, for unlike the previous 170 engine, the 198 used the same block as the 225. The smaller displacement was achieved with a new crankshaft (3.64" stroke vs. the 4.125" stroke of the 225 crank) and connecting rods (7.006" long vs. the 6.670" rods in the 225). Nevertheless, the 225 in³ Slant-6 remained a very popular and inexpensive upgrade option. The 2bbl 273 in³ (4.5 L) small-block V8 was replaced on the option list in 1968 by a 318 in³ (5.2 L) 2bbl engine. The 318 was rated at 230 bhp (170 kW) versus the 2-barrel carbureted 273's 180 bhp (130 kW). at the same time the 4-barrel carbureted 273 235 bhp was replaced on the options list by the 275 bhp 4-barrel carbureted 340 in³ available only in the hottest Dart, the performance-oriented GTS model. The Dart GTS came standard with the 340 in³ (5.6 L) V8; . A 383 in³ (6.3 L) big-block was optional (not available in 1967). The light weight and high power ratio of the 340-equipped cars, together with the excellent handling for which the Dart had become renowned, made them a favorite of drag racers. The big-block Darts were difficult to steer and stop, due to the very heavy engines and unavailability of power brakes or steering—the large engine left no room for a brake booster or power steering equipment. So the functional use of the relatively rare big block equipped cars was effectively limited to straight-line drag races. Furthermore, the large engines scarcely left space for even the small, restrictive exhaust manifolds fitted to the big-block Darts. Road tests of the day generally recommended the 340 over the 383 or the 1969-only 440 in³ (7.2 L) engines.

File:P0000192.jpg

1969 Dart Swinger (sidemarker reflectors have been removed and holes filled, wheels and hood are not original.)

Changes during the styling cycle

In 1968, Dodge released one of the most feared drag cars ever: the 1968 Hurst Hemi Dart. Dodge would ship Dart body shells to Hurst and they would install a ram-inducted 426 in³ (7.0 L) Hemi V8 under the hood. Using fiberglass fenders and hood, belt straps for window cranks, and A100 seats for decreased weight, this car and its sister car, the Hurst Hemi Barracuda, would dominate Super Stock for decades to come; in fact, it still does today. Grand Spaulding Dodge, a noted Dodge dealer in Chicago owned by legendary builder Norman "Mr. Norm" Kraus, put the 440 in³ Magnum engine under the hoods of selected Dart GTSs and renamed them GSS for "Grand Spaulding Special." Efforts like this led Grand Spaulding Dodge to become a noted provider of Dodges specially modified for extremely high performance, much as Yenko and Royal did for Chevrolet and Pontiac, respectively.

Other changes for 1968 were more subtle. The park/turn lights in the grille were moved slightly inboard and made round. Sidemarker lights were added to the front fenders and rear quarter panels, to comply with newly introduced Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 108. Other changes to comply with new federal safety laws included collapsible steering columns, additional padding on the dashboard and sunvisors, a brake system fault warning light, shoulder harnesses (separate, this year and until 1973, from the lap belts) and nonglare matte finish on the windshield wiper arms. Chrysler's "Clean Air Package" emission control system became standard equipment on cars sold in all 50 states. The steering linkage was revised again, as were the windshield and backlight gaskets and trim-lock strips, leaving the 1967 pieces in these departments as one-year-only items. The standard rear axle ratio was dropped from 2.93 to 2.76 with all standard-performance engines and automatic transmission. Part-throttle downshift functionality was added as a refinement to the TorqueFlite automatic transmission in 6-cylinder cars, to retain acceptable city performance with the taller rear axle ratio.

For 1969, the Dart received trim updates including another minor revision of the grille, and a return to rectangular park/turn lights. The 1968 round sidemarker lights were replaced with rectangular reflectors. Head restraints were optional equipment until January 1, 1969, when their installation became mandatory under federal law. The 6-cylinder models received a carburetor anti-ice system borrowed from Canadian-market Chrysler 6-cylinder engines, and the drum brake automatic adjustors were revised for more consistent operation. Also, the two-door pillared sedan was deleted from the lineup. At the top of the Dart performance range for 1969, there was limited availability of the 440 in³ V8 in the Dart GTS model and a very few 426 Hemi models in the "Hurst" edition Dart.

SCCA & Super Stock competition

In 1967, the Dart entered the Sports Car Club of America's (SCCA) new Sedan Class racing series. For racing in this series, the compact cars , which included Ford Falcons and Plymouth Barracudas as well as foreign makes, were prepared like stock cars on the NASCAR Grand National circuit. "Baby Grands" was the nickname coined for these cars. Darts were powered by the four-barrel 273 V-8 and were equipped with roll cages and fifteen-inch (381 mm) wheels with fat tires. Bob Tullius, widely known for his Quaker State Motor Oil Group "44"-marked cars, was one of the first to drive the Dodge Dart in the sedan class, and with notable success.

Although racers like Dick Landy and Don Garlits had modified Darts in the mid-60s to run in the NHRA Funny Car class using the 426 Hemi, Super Stock class racing of the Dart was almost non-existent due to the small V-8s available. Dodge contracted Hurst Performance to build a limited number of 440 in³ V8-wedge and 426 Hemi-powered Darts to compete in the SS/B class. These cars would successfully cover the quarter mile with elapsed times in the ten second range. According to Chrysler staff engineer Larry Shepard, the majority of these Darts were Hemi powered, though fifty 440-powered Darts were also built in 1968, and over 600 of them were built in 1969.

1970–1976

Fifth generation
Overview
Also called	Dodge Demon
Production	1970-1976
Assembly	Belvidere, Illinois Detroit, Michigan Hamtramck, Michigan Los Angeles, California St. Louis, Missouri Newark, Delaware Windsor, Ontario, Canada
Body and chassis
Body style	4-door sedan 2-door hardtop 2-door coupé 2-door convertible
Platform	A-body
Related	Plymouth Valiant Chrysler Valiant
Powertrain
Engine	198 in³ (3.2 L) Slant-6 225 in³ (3.7 L) Slant-6 318 in³ (5.2 L) V8 340 in³ (5.6 L) V8 360 in³ (5.9 L) V8
Transmission	4-speed manual 3-speed manual 3-speed Torqueflite automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	Template:Auto in Demon: Template:Auto in
Length	Template:Auto in Demon: Template:Auto in
Width	Template:Auto in Demon: Template:Auto in
Height	Template:Auto in

The Dart was refreshed for 1970 with front and rear changes designed to bring the car closer to the design themes found in Dodge’s full-size vehicles through grille and contour changes. In the rear, the Dart’s new rectangular tail lights were set into a wedge-shaped rear bumper design continuing the angled trailing edge of the new deck lid and quarter panels. The revised rear styling cut trunk space almost in half compared to the 1969 model. 14-inch wheels became standard equipment, and the 170 in³ Slant-6 was replaced by a larger 198 in³ version for improved base-model performance and greater manufacturing economy (since the 198 shared a block with the 225, while the 170 had used its own block). Changes to the fuel system improved driveability, economy and emission control. Part-throttle downshift was added to the 8-cylinder automatic transmissions. In compliance with FMVSS 108, sidemarker lights and reflectors were installed at all four corners.

The Swinger name, introduced in 1969, was applied in 1970 to all the Dart two-door hardtops. A number of other changes were made to the Dart line for 1970 in order to avoid internal competition with Dodge's new ponycar, the Challenger. The convertible was discontinued along with the optional 383 cubic-inch V8, leaving the small-block 275-horsepower 340 four-barrel V8 as the top Dart engine. The sole performance model in the Dart line for 1970 was the Swinger 340 two-door hardtop.

In 1971, the dual taillamps of the 1970 Dart were given over to the badge-engineered Plymouth Valiant Scamp, while the 1971 Dart received new quad taillamps that would be used through the 1973 model year. Dodge gained a version of Plymouth's popular Valiant-based fastback Duster. Dodge management considered naming it the Beaver, but it was instead marketed as the Dart Demon. As was the case with previous Dodge rebadges of Plymouth Valiants, such as the 1961-1962 Dodge Lancer, sales of the Demon lagged behind those of the Duster. With optional hood scoops and blackout hood treatment, the car was advertised that it meant trouble. The Demon's mismatched 'Dart' front fender wheel lips and 'Duster' rear wheel fender lips illustrate how quickly this new model was created. The Demon's tail lights had been intended for the 1971 Plymouth Duster 340, but were given to Dodge to differentiate its "new" car from the similar Plymouth.

The Swinger 340, Dart's performance model, was replaced by the Demon 340 for 1971. Chrysler Canada, though, did build a small number of 1971 Swinger 340 hardtops based on the Swinger Special for two dealers in Western Canada. From 1971 on, Chrysler abandoned their longstanding corporate practice of installing left-hand threaded wheel studs on the left side of the vehicle; all wheel studs on the Dart thenceforth used conventional right-hand threads.

Physical changes to the 1972 Demon included a new grille shared with the entire Dart line, new surface-mounted sidemarker lights rather than the previous flush-mount units, a new instrument cluster featuring a large rectangular speedometer and several small round gauges, and new fender-mounted metal Demon badges that no longer contained the small devil character from the decals used in 1971. The Demon decal on the rear of the car was removed and replaced with DODGE and DART emblems on the lower right edge of the deck lid. Some Demons with the side and rear panel tape stripes retained the tape "lil devil" character. A new optional single hood scoop replaced 1971's dual scoops, and was coupled with a stylish hood paint blackout that had been standard on the 1971 high-trim/high-value Demon Sizzler model. Cars equipped with the optional rallye wheels now came with newly restyled center caps finished in a light argent (silver) paint.

For 1973, the Demon fastback was renamed Dart Sport, in response to Christian groups' complaints about the "Demon" name and devil-with-pitchfork logo. The high-performance models thus became Dart Sport 340 in 1973, and Dart Sport 360 for 1974 when the 360 in³ (5.9 L) V8 replaced the 340 in³ (5.6 L) V8. Chrysler revived the "Demon" name for a 2007 concept car.

1973 models gained more massive front bumpers to comply with new federal regulations, as well as side-impact guard beams in the doors and new emission control devices. New single-piston disc brakes replaced the more complex 4-piston units offered from 1965 to 1972, though Chrysler did not address the premature rear-wheel lockup that continued to plague disc brake equipped Darts. Chrysler's robust new electronic ignition system was standard equipment with all engines, and starter motors were revised for faster engine cranking. The K-frame was modified to accommodate a new spool-type engine mount that limited engine roll to 3 degrees. The upper ball joints were upgraded to the larger B-body units. Along with these chassis changes, the wheel bolt pattern on Darts with disc brakes was enlarged from 4 inches (100 mm) to the 4.5-inch (110 mm) pattern common to the larger B- and C-body Chrysler-built passenger cars.

New for 1973 was the Convertriple option, which included a fold-down rear seat and a manually-operated sunroof. It was advertised as "Three Cars In One" including an economy compact, a convertible alternative with the sunroof and a roomy station wagon-alternative thanks to the fold down rear seat. The fastback roofline and fold down rear seat were similar in concept to the 1964-69 Plymouth Barracuda and the 1966-67 Dodge Charger. The Convertriple was the basis for the Hang Ten, a car directed toward surfers in an attempt by Dodge stylists to better determine consumer preferences in a declining performance market. The car took its name from the surfing expression for balancing at the end of a surfboard with ten toes over the nose of the board while riding the wave. The fold down security panel permitted loading of the surfboard through the trunk. With no need to transport the surfboard on top, this permitted a sunroof. These two features were all ready available on the Dart Sport, but the Hang Ten went further with the surfing theme. Swimsuit material in various colored stripes was set into the seats and door panels. Bright orange carpet covered the back of the fold-down rear seat. The orange was picked up on the dash and on the center console. The swimsuit material pattern was repeated as exterior side stripes starting at the quarter panels with a wave-riding surfer graphic. A surfboard design ran down the center of the hood. Between the taillights, the stripe pattern fattened into surfboard-shaped letters that spelled out "Hang Ten."

In 1974, the US federal 5-mph bumper impact standards were expanded to cover rear bumpers as well as front ones, and as a result the Dart's rear bumper grew much more massive. Taillights larger than the previous year's items were set above the rear bumper, rather than within it. Shoulder and lap belts were finally combined in a retractable, inertia-sensitive, single-buckle design Chrysler called "Unibelt", replacing the difficult-to-use separate lap and shoulder belts that had been installed through 1973.

The Dart and its Plymouth Valiant/Duster clone led the American compact car market during the early 1970s. Their already-strong popularity was bolstered by the Arab oil embargo of 1973, which caused gasoline shortages with long lines at stations and dramatic price increases at the pump. To capitalize on an emerging trend toward luxurious compact cars, Dodge introduced the Dart SE (Special Edition) in mid-1974 as a four-door sedan and two-door hardtop. The SE included velour high back bucket seats with folding armrest, carpeted door panels, woodgrain instrument panel and deluxe wheel covers along with a TorqueFlite automatic transmission as standard equipment.

1975-76 Dodge Dart Swinger 2-door hardtop

Aside from a new grille, the 1975 models were virtually identical to the 1974s, except that California and certain high-altitude models were equipped with catalytic converters and so required unleaded gasoline. A 4-speed manual transmission was offered with the 6-cylinder engine for the first time in the North American market since 1965, and with a new overdrive 4th gear ratio.

In 1976, the Dart was made available with a police package, with production code A38. The A38 Dart had the highest-specification components and systems throughout, including a heavy-duty suspension with a rear sway bar and firmer shocks, larger brakes with semi-metallic front disc pads, maximum engine cooling, and high-capacity alternator and battery. The engine was Chrysler's 360 in³ (5.9 L) V8, with an A727 TorqueFlite transmission. Police-specific equipment such as a calibrated speedometer and high-intensity dome light were standard equipment, and an A-pillar spotlight and push bars were optional. Production totals were low,with most A38 Darts going to the Los Angeles and Ventura Police Departments in Southern California. For the most part, police agencies preferred the larger Dodge Coronet or Dodge Monaco.

The Dart Sport got several special variants for 1976. In a tie-in with the American bicentennial celebration, a Spirit of '76 edition was released featuring white paint with prominent red and blue bodyside striping meant to evoke the image of the American flag. And with fuel economy becoming more of a concern, a special Dart Lite was released. This was a Dart Sport made as light as possible with an aluminum hood, trunk bracing and bumper brackets, an aluminum intake manifold on the 225 in³ Slant-6 engine for the first time since 1960, specially-calibrated carburetor and distributor, economy rear axle ratio, and TorqueFlite automatic or A833 4-speed manual overdrive transmission. When equipped with the manual transmission, the Dart Lite was rated by the EPA at 36 highway mpg.

For the Dart's final year of 1976, front disc brakes became standard equipment and a new foot-operated parking brake replaced the under-dash T-handle unit that had been used since the Dart's 1963 introduction as a compact car.

Over its 13-year production run, the Dart earned a reputation as a sturdy, dependable car. Ultimately, the Dart was replaced by the Dodge Aspen beginning in late spring of 1976—a replacement Chrysler President Lee Iacocca would later lament due to the Aspen's many early quality problems.

In popular culture

Public radio show personality Tom Magliozzi famously owned a 1963 Dart convertible, alternately praising and denigrating the vehicle. This vehicle was also his car persona in the Pixar film Cars

On the TV show Cybill, Cybill drove a 1963 Dodge Dart.

In the Costa-Gavras film State of Siege (Etat de Siege), the kidnappers drive a 1967 Dodge Dart.

Special models

• Dart Charger (1965)

• D-Dart (1966

• Dart GTS 440 and GTS Hurst Hemi (1969)

• Dart Sport Hang Ten (1975)

• Dart A38 Police Special (1976)

• Dart Sport Spirit of '76 (1976)

• Dart Lite (1976)

See also

Spanish Dodge Darts

Further reading

• Gunnell, John, Editor (1987). The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1946-1975. Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-096-3. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
• McPherson, Thomas A. (1975). The Dodge Story. Crestline Publishing. ISBN 0-912612-07-X.

External links

• IMCDB: Dodge Darts in movies & TV shows