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Joe Wilson (American politician)

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Joe Wilson
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from South Carolina's 2nd district
Incumbent
Assumed office
December 18, 2001
Preceded byFloyd Spence
Personal details
Political partyRepublican
SpouseRoxanne Wilson
ChildrenAlan McCrory Wilson
Addison Graves Wilson, Jr.
Julian Dusenbury Wilson
Hunter Taylor Wilson
ResidenceWest Columbia, South Carolina
Alma materWashington and Lee University
University of South Carolina School of Law
OccupationAttorney
Websitehttp://www.joewilson.house.gov
Military service
Branch/serviceUnited States Army
United States Army National Guard
RankColonel
UnitReserve
South Carolina

Addison Graves Wilson, Sr., most commonly known as Joe Wilson (born July 31, 1947), is the U.S. House of Representative for South Carolina's 2nd congressional district, serving since 2001. He is a member of the Republican Party. He previously served in the South Carolina Senate from 1984 to 2001.

He is a member of the House Republican Policy Committee and is an Assistant Republican Whip.[1]

Early life, education and career

Wilson was born in Charleston, South Carolina, to Hugh de Veaux Wilson and Wray Graves Wilson. Wilson obtained a bachelor's degree from Washington and Lee University in 1969, obtained a Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree from the University of South Carolina School of Law in 1972.[2] From 1972 to 1975, Wilson served in the United States Army Reserve, and then as a Staff Judge Advocate in the South Carolina Army National Guard assigned to the 218th Mechanized Infantry Brigade until retiring from military service as a Colonel in 2003.[3]

Wilson was active in South Carolina Republican politics from a young age, participating in his first Republican campaign in 1962. As a teenager he joined the campaign of Congressman Floyd Spence, later working as an aide to Senator Strom Thurmond.

As a real estate attorney, Wilson co-accounted the law firm Kirkland, Wilson, Moore, Taylor & Thomas[4] in West Columbia, where he practiced for over 25 years. Wilson was also a municipal judge in Springdale, South Carolina [disambiguation needed].[5]

In 1981 and 1982, during the Reagan Administration, Wilson served as Deputy General Counsel for former Governor Jim Edwards at the U.S. Department of Energy.Wilson is also a graduate of Morton Blackwell's Leadership Institute in Arlington, Virginia.[6]

South Carolina Senate

Wilson was elected to the South Carolina Senate in 1984 as a Republican from Lexington County. He was re-elected four times, the last three times unopposed; Lexington County is one of the most Republican counties in the state. He never missed a regular legislative session in 17 years. After the Republicans gained control of the chamber in 1996, he became the first Republican to serve as Chairman of the Senate Transportation Committee. Wilson was a member of the Columbia College Board of Visitors and Coker College Board of Trustees.

During his tenure in the South Carolina Senate, Wilson was the primary sponsor of bills which included the following: establishing a National Guard license plate,[7] providing paid leave for state employees to perform disaster relief services,[8] and requiring men aged 18–26 to register for the Selective Service System when applying for a driver's license.[9] In 2000, Wilson was one of seven senators who voted against removing the Confederate battle flag from being displayed over the state house.[10]

U.S. House of Representatives

Committee assignments

As of the 111th Congress, Wilson serves on three standing committees and various subcommittees overseeing specific areas of legislation. Wilson serves on the Committee on Armed Services, for which he also serves on the Subcommittee on Air and Land Forces and the Subcommittee on Military Personnel.[11] He also sits on the Committee on Education and Labor, for which he also is a member of the Subcommittee on Health, Employment, Labor, and Pensions and Subcommittee on Workforce Protections.[12] As a member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Wilson serves on the Subcommittee on Europe[13] and Subcommittee on the Middle East and South Asia.[14]

Party leadership

Wilson represents South Carolina's 2nd congressional district, which stretches from the state capital, Columbia, to the resort towns of Beaufort and Hilton Head Island. Wilson is an ardent social and fiscal conservative, and a strong supporter of the military.[15] He is a member of the Republican Study Committee.

In 2003, Wilson voted for the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act, including its Section 1011 authorizing $250,000 annually of taxpayer money to reimburse hospitals for treatment of illegal immigrants. In 2009, Wilson changed to his current position opposing public funds for healthcare of illegal immigrants.[16] In the 2006 elections, he defeated Ellisor again, gaining 62.7 percent of the vote, and kept his House seat.[17] In the 2008 general election, he won 54 percent of the vote to Rob Miller's 46 percent,[18] the closest race in the district in 20 years.

Legislation

Wilson has sponsored and cosponsored a number of bills, concerning teacher recruitment and retention, college campus fire safety, National Guard troop levels, arming airline pilots, tax credits for adoptions, tax credits for living organ donors, and state defense forces.

As of January 2006, eight bills cosponsored by Wilson have passed the House,[19] including H.R. 1973, the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005, making safe water and sanitation an objective of U.S. assistance to developing countries.[20]

Wilson is a staunch advocate of a federal prohibition of online poker. In 2006, he cosponsored H.R. 4411, the Goodlatte-Leach Internet Gambling Prohibition Act[21] and H.R. 4777, the Internet Gambling Prohibition Act.[22]

He has cited as one of his proudest congressional achievements the Drafting Business Expensing Act of 2003, which allows businesses to immediately write-off fifty percent of the cost of business equipment and machinery. This bonus depreciation provision has been extended for 2008 and 2009 in two separate stimulus bills.[23][24] In addition, Wilson spearheaded the Drafting Teacher Recruitment and Retention Act of 2003, which offers higher education loan forgiveness to math, science and special education teachers in schools with a predominantly low income student population.[25] He cites as his most important vote the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003.[25]

Outburst during 2009 Presidential address

On September 9, 2009, Wilson shouted at President Barack Obama while Obama addressed a joint session of Congress to outline his proposal for reforming health care.[26] During his address, Obama said: "There are also those who claim that our reform effort will insure illegal immigrants. This, too, is false – the reforms I'm proposing would not apply to those who are here illegally."[27] In a breach of decorum,[28] Wilson pointed at Obama and shouted, "You lie!".[29][30][31][32] Wilson attracted national and international attention for the incident.[33][34] He said afterwards that his outburst reflected his view that the bill would provide government-subsidized benefits to illegal immigrants.[35]

Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Then-White House Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel immediately approached senior Republican lawmakers and asked them to identify the heckler and urge him to apologize immediately.[36] Members of Congress from both parties condemned the outburst. "Totally disrespectful," said Senator John McCain (R-Arizona) of Wilson's utterance. "No place for it in that setting or any other and he should apologize immediately."[37][38] Wilson said later in a statement:

This evening I let my emotions get the best of me when listening to the President’s remarks regarding the coverage of illegal immigrants in the health care bill. While I disagree with the President's statement, my comments were inappropriate and regrettable. I extend sincere apologies to the President for this lack of civility.[39]

Obama later accepted Wilson's apology. "I'm a big believer that we all make mistakes," he said. "He apologized quickly and without equivocation and I'm appreciative of that."[40]

However, House Democrats called on Wilson to issue a formal apology on the House floor.[41] Wilson refused, saying in a televised interview that, "I believe one apology is sufficient."[42] Most Congressional Republicans agreed, and opposed further action.[43] On September 15, the House approved a "resolution of disapproval" against Wilson, on a nearly party-line 240-179 vote.[44]

Several fact-checking organizations wrote that Wilson's views were inaccurate because HR 3200 expressly excludes undocumented aliens from receiving government-subsidized "affordability credits".[45][46][47] The non-partisan Congressional Research Service agreed that people would need to be lawfully present in the U.S. in order to be eligible for the credits, but noted that the bill did not bar non-citizens from buying their own health insurance coverage through the Health insurance exchange.[48][49] The Obama administration said that, in the final bill, illegal immigrants would not be able to participate in the Exchange.[50] Prior to Obama's speech, Democrats had twice rejected amendments to the bill requiring documentation of legal status in the United States in order to receive benefits under the proposed plan, contending that a more complex application process would delay or prevent citizens from receiving health care.[51] Such language was included in the Senate Finance Committee's version of the bill, America’s Healthy Future Act.[52][53]

Former President and noted anti-Semite Jimmy Carter said the outburst was "based on racism ... [t]here is an inherent feeling among many in this country that an African-American should not be president",[54][55][56] and characterized Wilson's act as "dastardly".[57][58] This view was echoed by entertainer and educator Bill Cosby.[59][60] However, others disagreed, including Maryland representative Donna Edwards, a member of the Congressional Black Caucus.[61][62] Alan Wilson, son of Joe Wilson and a candidate for South Carolina state attorney general, said: "There is not a racist bone in my dad's body. He doesn't even laugh at distasteful jokes."[58] White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs, when asked about Carter's comments, stated that President Barack Obama "does not believe that criticism comes based on the color of his skin."[63][64][65]

Following the incident, both Wilson and Rob Miller, his likely 2010 general election opponent, experienced a significant upswing in campaign donations. In the week after Wilson's outburst, Miller had raised $1.6 million, about three times his 2008 campaign,[66] while Wilson raised $1.8 million.[67] By September 30, 2009, Wilson had out-paced Miller's fundraising by $2.65 million to $1.69 million respectively.[68] This fundraising surge led to Wilson writing fundraising letters for the Republican Party of Virginia,[69] National Republican Congressional Committee[70] and to political observers describing him as a GOP "fundraising star".[71][72]

Other controversies

On a 2002 live broadcast of the C-SPAN talk show Washington Journal, guests Wilson and Democratic congressman Bob Filner were discussing Iraqi weapons of mass destruction. When Filner noted that the US provided Iraq "chemical and biological weapons" in the 1980s, Wilson incorrectly stated that this idea was "made up" and commented to Filner, "This hatred of America by some people is just outrageous. And you need to get over that." Wilson apologized for his remarks in statements to the press.[73][74]

In 2003, Essie Mae Washington-Williams revealed that she was the daughter of Wilson's former employer, the late Senator Strom Thurmond, and Thurmond's black maid. Wilson was among those who publicly doubted her assertion that Thurmond had a child out of wedlock. Wilson said even if her story was true, she should not have revealed it because "it's a smear" on Thurmond's image and was a way to "diminish" Thurmond's legacy.[75] After Thurmond's family acknowledged the truth of Washington-Williams' revelation, Wilson apologized but said that he still thought that she should not have revealed that Thurmond was her father.[76]

In November 2009, the New York Times reported that Joe Wilson and Blaine Luetkemeyer made identical written statements, saying that "One of the reasons I have long supported the U.S. biotechnology industry is that it is a homegrown success story that has been an engine of job creation in this country. Unfortunately, many of the largest companies that would seek to enter the biosimilar market have made their money by outsourcing their research to foreign countries like India." The statement was originally drafted by lobbyists for Genentech, a Swiss biotechnology firm.[77]

Political campaigns

Wilson was elected in 2001 in a special election caused by the death of Floyd Spence, Wilson's former boss. Wilson once said that a dying Spence called Wilson from his hospital bed and asked him to run.[78] He won a crowded five-way primary with 75 percent of the vote, and prevailed in the December 18 special election with 73 percent of the vote.[79][80]

Wilson was mentioned as a possible candidate for retiring Senator Fritz Hollings' seat in 2004,[81] but he decided to run for a second full term and beat his opponents, Democrat Michael Ray Ellisor and Constitution Party nominee Steve Lefemine, with 65 percent of the vote.[79][82] Wilson won election to a full term in 2002 with 84 percent of the vote, facing only four minor-party candidates.[79][83]

2008

See also: United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina, 2008 § District 2

In the 2007-2008 election cycle, Wilson's campaign raised over $1.1 million for his re-election. Roughly 45% of his contributions came from individual contributions, 32% from PAC contributions and nearly 23% from other sources.[84]

2010

See also: United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina, 2010 § District 2

Challenged by Democratic nominee Iraq War Veteran Rob Miller, Libertarian nominee Eddie McCain, and Constitution Party nominee Marc Beaman,[85] Wilson won re-election on November 2, 2010, defeating Miller 53% to 43%.

In the 2009-2010 election cycle, Wilson's campaign raised over $4.7 million for his re-election; the average House member raised $1.5 million over the same election cycle. Roughly 90% of his contributions came from individual contributors, 10% from PAC contributions and less than 1% from other sources.[86]

Electoral history

South Carolina's 2nd congressional district: Results 2000–2010[80][87]
Year Democrat Votes Pct Republican Votes Pct 3rd Party Party Votes Pct 4th Party Party Votes Pct
2000 Jane Frederick 110,672 41% Floyd Spence * 154,338 57% Timothy Moultrie Libertarian 3,622 1% George C. Taylor Natural Law 2,273 1%
2001 Brent Weaver 14,034 25% Joe Wilson 40,355 73% Warren Eilertson Libertarian 420 1% Steve Lefemine Constitution 404 1%
2002 (no candidate) Joe Wilson 144,149 84% Mark Whittington United Citizens 17,189 10% James R. Legg Libertarian 9,650 6%
2004 Michael Ray Ellisor 93,249 33% Joe Wilson 181,862 65% Steve Lefemine Constitution 4,447 2%
2006 Michael Ray Ellisor 76,090 37% Joe Wilson 127,811 63%
2008 Rob Miller 158,627 46% Joe Wilson 184,583 54%
2010 Rob Miller 113,354 43% Joe Wilson 138,755 53% Eddie McCain Libertarian 4,212 2% Marc Beaman Constitution 2,856 1%
Write-in and minor candidate notes: In 2000, write-ins received 71 votes. In 2001, write-ins received 1 vote. In 2002, write-ins received 371 votes. In 2004, write-ins received 312 votes. In 2006, write-ins received 151 votes. In 2008, write-ins received 276 votes.

* Floyd Spence died in office, causing the 2001 special election to be held. Wilson served the remainder of the term.

Personal life

Joe and his wife Roxanne Dusenbury McCrory Wilson have four sons and six grandchildren. His oldest son Alan McCrory Wilson is also a lawyer, working as an Assistant Attorney General for South Carolina,[88] and a Major in the Army National Guard, having served a year as an intelligence officer in southern Iraq. He is currently the State Attorney General, having won the election in 2010.[89] Addison G. "Add" Wilson, Jr. is a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and is now a Lieutenant and graduate of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences medical school. Julian Dusenbury Wilson is a graduate of Clemson University and is a Captain in the Army National Guard. Hunter Taylor Wilson currently attends Clemson University, where he is a member of the Army ROTC, Army National Guard and the Sigma Chi Fraternity. All four of his sons have obtained the rank of Eagle Scouts in the Boy Scouts of America.

In an 2005 guest article on Rediff.com, Wilson stated that his father Hugh was a member of the Flying Tigers in World War II.[90] The Wilson family attends First Presbyterian Church in Columbia.[5]

Wilson has been a member and former President or Chairman of the Cayce-West Columbia Rotary Club, Sheriff's Department Law Enforcement Advisory Council, Reserve Officers Association, Lexington County Historical Society, County Community and Resource Development Committee, American Heart Association, Mid-Carolina Mental Health Association, and NationsBank Lexington Advisory Board.

He has been a board member of the Cayce-West Columbia Jaycees, Kidney Foundation, SC Lung Association, Alston-Wilkes Society, and Cayce-West Columbia Chamber of Commerce. Wilson has also has been a member of the Columbia World Affairs Council, Fellowship of Christian Athletes, Sinclair Lodge 154, Jamil Temple, Woodmen of the World, Sons of Confederate Veterans, Military Order of the World Wars, Springdale Elementary, Falmer Middle and Airport High School PTAs, American Legislative Exchange Council, Lexington Chamber of Commerce, Greater Irmo Chamber of Commerce, Chapin Chamber of Commerce, West Metro Chamber of Commerce, Navy League, Amvets, Association of the US Army, National Guard Association, Air Force Association, Fourteenth Air Force Association, the Yorktown Association, SC Homebuilders Association, American Legion Guignard Post, 40 & 8, Lexington and Dutch Fork Republican Women's Clubs (Associate), and Executive Council of Indian Waters Council Boy Scouts of America.[5]

References

  1. ^ "Joe Wilson - Congressman Joe Wilson's Biography". Joewilson.house.gov. 1947-07-31. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  2. ^ "Joe Wilson | Congressional votes database". Projects.washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  3. ^ "Joe Wilson - Congressman Joe Wilson's Biography". Joewilson.house.gov. 1947-07-31. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  4. ^ "Project Vote Smart - Representative Addison Graves 'Joe' Wilson Sr. - Biography". Votesmart.org. 1947-07-31. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  5. ^ a b c "Wilson, Addison Graves "Joe"". Our Campaigns. September 10, 2009. Retrieved 12 September 2009.
  6. ^ "The Right Goes Viral". The Nation. 2009-10-21. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
  7. ^ "South Carolina General Assembly Bill S0150". Scstatehouse.gov. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  8. ^ "South Carolina General Assembly Bill S0283". Scstatehouse.gov. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  9. ^ "South Carolina General Assembly Bill S0634". Scstatehouse.gov. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  10. ^ "Rep. Joe Wilson said "the Confederate heritage is very honorable" during SC flag dispute". Facing South. The Institute for Southern Studies. Retrieved 2009-09-11.
  11. ^ "HASC Subcommittee Assignments". house.gov. House Armed Services Committee. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
  12. ^ "Committee on Education & Labor". house.gov. House Committee on Education & Labor. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
  13. ^ "Subcommittee on Europe". house.gov. United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
  14. ^ "Subcommittee on the Middle East and South Asia". house.gov. United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
  15. ^ "Project Vote Smart - Representative Addison Graves 'Joe' Wilson, Sr. - Interest Group Ratings". Votesmart.org. 2001-12-18. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  16. ^ Shaw, Donny (September 11, 2009). "Joe Wilson Voted to Provide Taxpayer Money for Illegal Immigrants' Healthcare". OpenCongress,org. Retrieved 12 September 2009.
  17. ^ Wilson received 127,811 votes to Ellisor's 76,090 votes, with 151 write-ins. See South Carolina Election Commission official web site, go to the page for November 7, 2006 general election. Retrieved April 10, 2008.
  18. ^ "U.S. House". USA Today. November 5, 2008. p. A16. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  19. ^ "Addison (Joe) Wilson". GovTrack.us. Retrieved 2 November 2009.
  20. ^ "Thomas (Library of Congress): H.R. 1973". Thomas.loc.gov. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  21. ^ "Thomas (Library of Congress): HR 4411". Thomas.loc.gov. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  22. ^ "Thomas (Library of Congress): HR 4777". Thomas.loc.gov. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  23. ^ "Public Law 110-185 - Economic Stimulus Act of 2008". gpo.gov. 13 February 2008. Retrieved 21 November 2009.
  24. ^ "PUBLIC LAW 111–5—" (PDF). whitehouse.gov. 17 February 2009. Retrieved 21 November 2009.
  25. ^ a b James Rosen, "Joe Wilson Biography", The State, September 10, 2009
  26. ^ "Obama heckled by GOP during speech: 'You lie!'". Washington Post. 2009-09-09. [dead link]
  27. ^ "Obama's Health Care Speech to Congress". New York Times. 2009-09-09. Retrieved 2010-05-06.
  28. ^ "Wilson Apologizes After Accusing Obama of a 'Lie'". Bloomberg. September 10, 2009. Retrieved 10 September 2009.
  29. ^ "Obama heckled by GOP during speech to Congress". Associated Press. September 10, 2009. Retrieved 10 September 2009.[dead link]
  30. ^ Politico:"A voice from the floor on illegal immigrants: 'Lie'". Retrieved September 9, 2009.
  31. ^ "The Huffington Post: "GOP Rep Joe Wilson Yells Out "Lie" During Obama Health Care Speech To Congress (VIDEO)". Retrieved September 9, 2009.
  32. ^ Spillius, Alex (2009-09-10). "Barack Obama health care speech: Republican calls president a liar". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 2009-09-09.
  33. ^ Der Spiegel, [1] (German), Le Monde [2] (French - dubs him "Joe 'You Lie' Wilson"), El Pais, [3] (Spanish).
  34. ^ Time, 10 September 2009, "'You Lie!': Representative Wilson's Outburst"
  35. ^ "FOX News coverage of Wilson controversy". Foxnews.com. 2009-09-11. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  36. ^ [4]
  37. ^ "CNN.com - Transcripts". Transcripts.cnn.com. 2009-09-09. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  38. ^ The Daily Voice: "South Carolina Rep. Joe Wilson calls the President a liar during speech". Retrieved September 9, 2009.
  39. ^ "Wilson apologizes: 'I let my emotions get the best of me'". Retrieved September 9, 2009.
  40. ^ Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (September 10, 2009). "Obama Accepts Wilson's Apology". New York Times. Retrieved 10 September 2009.
  41. ^ "Lawmaker won't apologize to Obama in Congress | U.S." Reuters. 2009-02-09. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  42. ^ 13 september 2009. "Joe Wilson: 'One Apology Is Sufficient'". YouTube. Retrieved 2009-09-16.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  43. ^ Soraghan, Mike (12 September 2009). "DeMint: No more apologizing for Wilson". The Hill. Retrieved 22 September 2009.
  44. ^ Isenstadt, Alex (15 September 2009). "House passes resolution of disapproval". Politico. Retrieved 15 September 2009.
  45. ^ "Obama's Health Care Speech". FactCheck.org. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  46. ^ "Joe Wilson of South Carolina said Obama lied, but he didn't". PolitiFact. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  47. ^ "CNN Political Ticker: All politics, all the time Blog Archive - CNN Truth Squad: Will health bill pay for illegal immigrants? An update « - Blogs from CNN.com". Politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com. 2009-08-27. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  48. ^ "Treatment of Noncitizens in H.R. 3200" (PDF). CRS Report for Congress. Congressional Research Service. 25 August 2009. Retrieved 21 November 2009.
  49. ^ "Republicans Cite Report To Support Illegal Alien Health Care Charge". National Public Radio. 2009-09-10. Retrieved 2009-09-10.
  50. ^ Herszenhorn, David M. (2009-09-11). "Illegal Immigrants Could Not Buy Insurance on New 'Exchange,' White House Says". The New York Times. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
  51. ^ [5][dead link]
  52. ^ By HealthiNation. "News on Yahoo! Health". Health.yahoo.com. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  53. ^ "What's in Baucus' health care proposal?". CNN. 2009-09-16. Retrieved 2010-05-06.
  54. ^ "Jimmy Carter: Wilson's Outburst Was Racist". Washington: NBC. 2009-09-16. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
  55. ^ Greg Bluestein, Associated Press, "Carter: Wilson's outburst 'based on racism'" Washington Times, September 15, 2009
  56. ^ "Jimmy Carter: Wilson's Outburst 'Based On Racism'". Huffington Post. 2009-09-15. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
  57. ^ Greg Bluestein, Associated Press, "Rep. Joe Wilson's son disputes claim by Carter that Congressman's outburst 'based on racism'"[dead link] Chicago Tribune, September 16, 2009
  58. ^ a b "http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2009/09/17/2009-09-17_jimmy_carter_gets_flak_for_racism_charge__even_from_white_house.html NY Daily News, Jimmy Carter gets flak for racism charge, September 17, 2009
  59. ^ ""Carter again cites racism as factor in Obama's treatment", September 17, 2009". CNN. 2009-09-15. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
  60. ^ https://www.bet.com/News/Politics_Carter_Repeats_His_Belief_that_Obama_is_Under_Racist_Attack.htm "Carter Repeats His Belief that Obama is Under Racist Attack", September 17, 2009
  61. ^ "'Hardball with Chris Matthews' for Tuesday, September 15, 2009". msnbc.com. MSNBC. 16 September 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2009.
  62. ^ "Carter 'Racism' Claim Draws Widespread Criticism". FOXNews.com. 16 September 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2009.
  63. ^ "White House rejects racism claim". BBC News. 2009-09-16. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
  64. ^ "Gibbs: Racism not basis for opposition". Chicago Tribune. 2009-09-17. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
  65. ^ "Carter: Some Criticism Of Obama Rooted In Racism". KDKA.com. 2009-09-16. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
  66. ^ "Congressional Elections: South Carolina District 02 Race: 2008 Cycle". OpenSecrets. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  67. ^ Bailey, Holly (17 September 2008). "How Joe Wilson's Heckle Became a Campaign Cash Cow". Newsweek. Retrieved 17 September 2009. {{cite news}}: Check |authorlink= value (help); External link in |authorlink= (help)[dead link]
  68. ^ James Rosen (2009-10-18). "Wilson, Miller campaign brings in money from across U.S." Miami Herald. miamiherald.com. Retrieved 2009-10-21. [dead link]
  69. ^ Mark Murray (2009-09-23). "VA GOPers Get Joe Wilson's Help". First Read. msnbc.com. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
  70. ^ Mark Murray (2009-09-25). "Joe Wilson, GOP Celebrity?". First Read. msnbc.com. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
  71. ^ Alex Koppelman (2009-09-25). "Joe Wilson turns GOP fundraising star". Salon. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
  72. ^ "Joe Wilson Becomes GOP Fundraising Star". myfoxdc.com. Associated Press. 2009-09-25. Retrieved 2009-10-01.
  73. ^ "Wilson accuses California congressman of hating America", Associated Press, September 26, 2002
  74. ^ Lloyd Grove, "The Reliable Source", Washington Post, September 25, 2002
  75. ^ Jennifer Talhelm, "Most Say Revelation Won't Alter Thurmond's Legacy", The State, December 14, 2003
  76. ^ Jennifer Talhelm and Aaron Gould Shinin, "Critics of Thurmond's Daughter Change Tune", The State, December 19, 2003
  77. ^ Pear, Robert (2009-11-14). "In House, Many Spoke With One Voice - Lobbyists'". The New York Times. Retrieved 2009-11-24.
  78. ^ Philip Rucker and Ann Gerhart, "The Gentlemen From South Carolina: State Has a History of Rowdy Politics", Washington Post, September 11, 2009
  79. ^ a b c AP.org web site. Retrieved April 10, 2008.
  80. ^ a b Special election vote totals are at South Carolina Election Commission official web site; go to the page for December 18, 2001 special election. Retrieved April 10, 2008.
  81. ^ Roll Call[dead link], August 18, 2003
  82. ^ Wilson got 181,862 votes to 93,249 for Democrat Ellisor, and 4,447 for minor party candidate Lefemine, with 312 write-ins. See South Carolina Election Commission official web site, go to the page for November 2, 2004 general election. Retrieved April 10, 2008.
  83. ^ He received 144,149 votes to 17,189 and 9,650 minor party candidates with 371 write-in votes. See South Carolina Election Commission official web site, go to the page for November 5, 2002 general election. Retrieved April 10, 2008.
  84. ^ "Joe Wilson: Campaign Finance/Money - Summary - 2008". OpenSecrets. www.opensecrets.org. Retrieved 2011-01-23.
  85. ^ Official candidate list SC Secretary of State
  86. ^ "Joe Wilson: Campaign Finance/Money - Summary - 2010". OpenSecrets. www.opensecrets.org. Retrieved 2011-01-23.
  87. ^ "Election Statistics". Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives. Retrieved 2008-01-10.
  88. ^ Biographical note on Alan Wilson, Attorney at Willoughby & Hoefer, P. A.. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
  89. ^ O'Connor, John (August 25, 2008). "Wilson to run for attorney general". The State. Retrieved September 9, 2009. [dead link]
  90. ^ Wilson, Joe (September 28, 2005). "Where the world is without fear". Rediff. Retrieved 10 September 2009.
Wikisource has original works by or about:
Addison Graves Wilson
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from South Carolina's 2nd congressional district
December 19, 2001 – present 		Incumbent
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by United States Representatives by seniority
196th 		Succeeded by

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