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Hans Christian Andersen's The Little Mermaid (1975 film)

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For other uses, see The Little Mermaid (disambiguation).
Hans Christian Andersen's The Little Mermaid
Directed byTomoharu Katsumata
Written byHans Christian Andersen (tale)
Mieko Koyamauchi
Ikuko Oyabu
StarringFumie Kashiyama
Mariko Miyagi
Taro Shigaki
English
Kirsten Bishop
Thor Bishopric
Ian Finley
Music byTakekuni Hirayoshi
Animation byReiko Okuyama
Distributed byToei Animation
Release date
March 21, 1975 (Japan)
Running time
68 minutes
LanguageJapanese

Hans Christian Andersen's The Little Mermaid (アンデルセン童話 にんぎょ姫, Anderusen Dōwa Ningyo hime, lit. "Andersen's Fairy Tales: Princess Mermaid") is a Japanese anime film based on Hans Christian Andersen's eponymous fairy tale, released in 1975 by Toei Animation. Unlike the later Walt Disney Pictures animated film adaptation released 14 years later, this film is closer to Andersen's original story, notably in its preservation of the original ending. The protagonists are the youngest daughter of the royal Merman family, Marina, and her best friend Fritz, an atlantic dolphin calf. In Japan, this film was shown in the Toei Manga Matsuri (Toei Cartoon Festival) in 1975. The film was later released in the United States, dubbed into English by G. G. Communications, Inc. and Prima Film, Inc., on February 4, 1978.[1]

It is also purported to be available on region 1 (USA/Canada) DVD, released by UAV Corporation under the name "The Little Mermaid: Based on Hans Christian Andersen's Classic Tale".[2] The cover art [3] looks nothing like the cover art from the original US VHS release of the film (released by Starmaker under the title "Hans Christian Andersen's The Little Mermaid") [4] or the film animation style.[5] However, multiple reviewers on Amazon.com state that the actual film on the DVD is the same as the Starmaker release (albeit somewhat censored). The customer images aside from the cover art also depict images from the original 1975 Toei film. The UAV version is not to be confused with the GoodTimes Entertainment/Golden Films version.

Plot

The movie opens in live action Denmark. From there, a narrator explains to us how Denmark is a popular destination for tourists. He also states that many storytellers were born in Denmark, and the most famous one is Hans Christian Andersen. After explaining how this man wrote beautiful stories, the narrator finishes the explanations by mentioning that Andersen's most famous story, "The Little Mermaid," originated in Denmark. After a brief shot of a live action ocean and the opening title card (with a mermaid song in the background), the scene dissolves to anime.

Marina, the youngest and most beautiful mermaid in the royal family, is curious about the human world. So much so that she always tries to go up to the surface with her older sisters, but is forbidden because she has not come of age yet. One day, while exploring inside a sunken ship, she discovers a statue of a human boy and starts to daydream. She decides she is ready to see the world above and, ignoring her family's wishes, she sneaks away with her best friend (Fritz, a dolphin). Moments after emerging from the depths, she sees a handsome prince on a ship, the very same boy from the statue. Suddenly, a storm comes up, throwing him into the sea. Marina saves her handsome prince and swims with him to the seashore. She must leave him on the shore when the sun rises and people arrive. Marina falls deeply in love and wants desperately to become a human. Seeking help from the sea witch, Marina gives up her life as mermaid and her voice to gain legs. She is informed that if the prince marries someone else, she will turn into sea foam the very next morning. Despite the hazards, she is willing to risk all for love. The sea witch takes Marina's voice in exchange for legs. Tearfully bidding farewell to her family and to Fritz, she goes on to the surface. The following morning, she is discovered by the prince.

Marina lives with the prince for a month, in that time their bond grows strong. The Prince calls her "Princess Mermaid" because she came to him from the sea and cannot tell him her own name as she is now mute. The Prince tells her how his parents want him marry a princess from another kingdom. However, the only girl he wants to marry is the one who saved his life. Unfortunately, the prince does not know Marina is the one who saved him. He mistakenly believes it to be the raven-haired girl who discovered him on the beach after Marina had rescued him. Since he cannot find her, he wishes to marry Marina. However, when forced to meet the princess his parents want him to marry, he discovers that the foreign princess is the raven-haired girl. Filled with joy, he arranges to marry her immediately, breaking Marina's heart.

The night before she is to die, her sisters visit her. They present a knife they have bought by cutting off their beautiful hair and giving it to the sea witch. Her sisters tell her that if she stabs the prince through the heart, she will turn into a mermaid again and can go back to her old life. Marina accepts the knife. However, as she goes to stab the prince, she finds that she cannot bring herself to kill him. She goes to the stern of the ship they are on, having decided that the prince's happiness is her happiness, and that as sea foam she can always be around him. As she throws the magic knife into the sea, it shines a blood red, which wakes the prince. He runs onto the deck and sees Marina, about to jump off of the ship. He calls her name, and runs to her, but she jumps off the ship. As he calls her name a final time, he looks to see that she has left behind her pearl hairpin and a scale from her tail. He grabs them both, and looks confused into the sea. As the sun rises, Marina's body slowly turns to foam and ascends into the sky. The prince remembers now that she was, in fact, the one who saved him. Marina's soul goes on to Heaven for her sacrifice, as Fritz calls out her name.

The narrator then speaks again, explaining to the audience that the mermaid's soul went to Heaven and the scene then dissolves back to live action Denmark. As the movie's final shot shows us The Little Mermaid statue, the narrator finishes the movie by assuring us that the little mermaid, with her courage, bravery, and story, will continue to guide mankind now and forever more.

Character

Princess Marina (マリーナ, Mariina Hime)

14 years old. Princess of the undersea kingdom and the youngest of six daughters. She is sweet and beautiful and is known for having the most beautiful voice in the kingdom. She is curious about the world and likes collecting items that come from the surface.

Fritz (フリッツ, Furittsu)

A blue atlantic dolphin calf, and Marina's best friend. His curiosity is great, but not nearly as great as Marina's. In fact, Fritz loves Marina. However, Marina never knows his feelings. He misses Marina terribly and worries about her constantly after she leaves the sea.

Prince Fjord (フィヨルド王子, Fiyorudo Ouji)

He's brave and well-trained in the military arts. Fjord dislikes the idea of an arranged marriage. He has always wanted to marry the girl who rescued him. Fjord does not remember that Marina is the one who rescued him.

Sea Witch (魔女, Witch)

Unlike other versions of the story, the sea witch is not evil. She is shrewd, but has no interest in harming anyone. She did however sink two ships. She is a gigantic devil ray. Her special favorite is lifeblood. She is willing to accept Marina's voice as payment for the enchantment to turn Marina into a human.

Princess Cecilia (スオミの姫, Suomi no Hime)

Cecilia is the raven-haired princess of the Kingdom of Suomi. She tended to Prince Fjord after Marina rescued him and had to leave him on the beach. Fjord has no memory of being rescued by Marina, and Cecilia is the first person Fjord saw when he woke up. Her name is uncertain in Japanese.

Music

Opening Theme

"Yearning" (あこがれ, Akogare)

Sung by Kumiko Osugi, Lyrics by Tokiko Iwatani, Music and Arrangement by Takekuni Hirayoshi.
Inserted Song

"The One I've Waited For" (待っていた人, Matteita Hito) ※The unofficial title for the English version is Marina's Song.

Sung by Kumiko Osugi and People, Lyrics by Tokiko Iwatani, Music and Arrangement by Takekuni Hirayoshi.

Voice cast

Japanese Voices

English Voices

  • Kirsten Bishop ... Marina
  • Thor Bishopric ... Fritz
  • Ian Finlay ... Prince
  • Jane Woods ... Marina's Sister, Sea Witch, Raven-haired girl/Princess of Suomi, Jemmy the Cat, Prince's mother
  • Jeannette Casenave ... Old Queen of the Mermaid, Housekeeper
  • Terry Haig ... Additional Voices
  • Neil Shee ... Additional Voices

Movie Title for VHS

  • Andersen dôwa ningyo hime (Japan) (alternative transliteration)
  • Hans Christian Andersen's The Little Mermaid (USA) (video box title)
  • The Little Mermaid (International: English title)

Censorship

On the newer VHS and DVD releases, all scenes that show the little mermaids' bare bosoms are cut since this is a family movie.

Internet Release

The Japanese version can be viewed on several media websites including Yahoo! Japan, but IP addresses not based in Japan are blocked from viewing it.

References

  1. ^ Andasen dōwa ningyo hime on IMDB
  2. ^ UAV release on Amazon.com
  3. ^ UAV release cover art
  4. ^ Starmaker cover art
  5. ^ Screen capture from 1975 film
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