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House of Glücksburg

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This article is about the ducal house that currently rules Denmark and Norway. For the elder line that became extinct in 1779, see Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (elder line).
House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
Parent houseHouse of Oldenburg
Country Denmark
Greece
Iceland
Norway
Schleswig-Holstein
Founded6 July 1825
FounderFriedrich Wilhelm
Current headChristoph
Titles
Estate(s)Schleswig-Holstein & Glücksburg
The family's ancestral castle, Glücksburg Castle, in Glücksburg, Schleswig-Holstein
Christoph, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein, current head of the House of Glücksburg and the entire House of Oldenburg

The House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (Template:Lang-da, the latter name is also spelled Glücksborg), known as the House of Glücksburg (or House of Glücksborg) for short, is a German ducal house, junior branches of which include the royal houses of Denmark and Norway, the deposed royal house of Greece, and the heir to the thrones of the Commonwealth realms[1][2] (although in the latter case, they are, by royal proclamation, declared to be members of the House of Windsor[3]). The family is named after Glücksburg in northernmost Germany, and is a cadet branch of the House of Oldenburg that is descended from King Christian I of Denmark. However, as the elder line of the House of Oldenburg and the line of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg became extinct in 1863 and 1931, respectively, the House of Glücksburg is now the senior surviving branch of the House of Oldenburg.

This particular line comes from the Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck. The last of them became Duke of Glücksburg and changed his title accordingly to Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. He was married to Princess Louise Caroline of Hesse-Kassel, a granddaughter of King Frederick V of Denmark.

Neither the Dukes of Beck nor of Glücksburg were sovereign rulers - they held their lands in fief to the sovereign dukes of Schleswig and Holstein (who were also the Kings of Denmark in personal union) and, before 1773, the Dukes of Holstein-Gottorp.

Christian IX of Denmark, the fourth son of Friedrich Wilhelm, was chosen by the childless King Frederick VII of Denmark to be his heir, as Christian was married to Frederick's first cousin, Luise of Hesse-Kassel. Wilhelm, the second son of Crown Prince Christian and Crown Princess Luise, was elected King of the Hellenes on March 30, 1863 to succeed the deposed Wittelsbach Otto of Greece and took the name George I of Greece. His father became King of Denmark as Christian IX on November 15, 1863. Prince Carl, the second son of Frederick VIII of Denmark, Christian IX's eldest son, became King of Norway on November 18, 1905 as Haakon VII of Norway. Christian IX's daughters, Alexandra of Denmark and Dagmar of Denmark (who became Maria Feodorovna), married Edward VII of the United Kingdom and Alexander III of Russia, respectively. As a result, by 1914, descendants of King Christian IX were more prevalent on European thrones than those of Queen Victoria 5-2; Christian IX became known as the Father-in-law of Europe.

Male line ancestry of Duke Friedrich Wilhelm

  1. Elimar I, Count of Oldenburg
  2. Elimar II, Count of Oldenburg
  3. Christian I, Count of Oldenburg (Christian the Quarrelsome)
  4. Maurice, Count of Oldenburg
  5. Christian II, Count of Oldenburg
  6. John I, Count of Oldenburg
  7. Christian III, Count of Oldenburg
  8. John II, Count of Oldenburg
  9. Conrad I, Count of Oldenburg
  10. Christian V, Count of Oldenburg
  11. Dietrich, Count of Oldenburg
  12. Christian I of Denmark
  13. Frederick I of Denmark
  14. Christian III of Denmark
  15. John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg
  16. Alexander, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg
  17. August Philipp, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
  18. Frederick Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
  19. Peter August, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
  20. Karl Anton August, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
  21. Friedrich Karl Ludwig, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
  22. Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg

Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (1825–present)

For the earlier line of dukes, see Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (elder line).

Template:Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg The Dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg constitute the senior male line of the family, who hold the headship of both the House of Glücksburg and the entire House of Oldenburg.

Junior branches

Junior branches of the House of Glücksburg are descended notably from Duke Friedrich Wilhelm's younger son, who became Christian IX of Denmark.

Monarchs of Denmark, 1863–present

The agnatic lineage is continued from Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg.

Kings of the Hellenes (Greece), 1863–1973

The Greek line is descended from Prince Vilhelm, a son of Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (the later Christian IX of Denmark), who became King of the Hellenes as George I. The agnatic lineage is continued from Christian IX of Denmark.

Thirty-drachma coin of 1963, commemorating the centennial of the reign of the House of Glücksburg. Clockwise from the top: Paul, George II, Alexander, Constantine I and George I.
Heirs to the Commonwealth realms and their ancestors

The heirs to the Commonwealth realms are descended from Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, a paternal grandson of George I of Greece. However, by Letters Patent of 8 February 1960, Queen Elizabeth II declared that her children with Prince Philip would belong to the House of Windsor, as would any agnatic descendants who enjoy the style of Royal Highness, and the title of Prince or Princess. (Those who do not have that style and title would bear the surname Mountbatten-Windsor.)[3]

The agnatic lineage is continued from Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg.

Kings of Norway, 1905–present

The Norwegian branch is descended from Prince Carl of Glücksburg, a younger son of Frederick VIII of Denmark. He took the name Haakon as king.

Other notable members

Main article: List of members of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg

Heraldry

Note: the coat of arms of Norway is the coat of arms of Norway as a state, in use since the 11th century and used by all ruling houses since then, and not the family coat of arms of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg.

References

  1. ^ Published on Saturday 18 April 2009 20:03 (2009-04-18). "Prince Philip beats the record for longest-serving consort - News - Scotsman.com". News.scotsman.com. Retrieved 2012-09-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ a b c d Michel Huberty, L'Allemagne dynastique, Volume 7, Giraud, 1994, ISBN 2-901138-07-1, ISBN 978-2-901138-07-5
  3. ^ a b Francois Velde. "Royal Styles and Titles – 1960 Letters Patent". Heraldica.org. Retrieved 2012-09-06.
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