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Bridgewater, Massachusetts

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For geographic and demographic information on the census-designated place Bridgewater, please see the article Bridgewater (CDP), Massachusetts.
Bridgewater, Massachusetts
City
Town of Bridgewater
Bridgewater Town Hall
Bridgewater Town Hall
Flag of Bridgewater, Massachusetts
Flag
CountryUnited States
StateMassachusetts
CountyPlymouth
Settled1650
Incorporated1656
Government
 • TypeTown Council
Area
 • Total28.2 sq mi (73.1 km2)
 • Land27.5 sq mi (71.2 km2)
 • Water0.7 sq mi (1.9 km2)
Elevation
104 ft (32 m)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total26,563
 • Density940/sq mi (360/km2)
Time zoneUTC-5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (Eastern)
ZIP code
02324
Area code508 / 774
FIPS code25-08085
GNIS feature ID0619466
Websitewww.bridgewaterma.org

Bridgewater is a city[1] located in Plymouth County, in the state of Massachusetts, United States. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, the town's population was 26,563. Bridgewater is located approximately 25 miles (40 km) south of the Boston, Massachusetts, and approximately 35 miles east of Providence, Rhode Island.[2] It is named after Bridgwater, Somerset, England.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 28.2 square miles (73 km2), of which 27.5 square miles (71 km2) is land and 0.7 square miles (1.8 km2) (2.62%) is water. Bridgewater is 99th out of the 351 communities in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and eighth out of the twenty-seven municipalities in Plymouth County in terms of land area. The town is bordered by West Bridgewater to the northwest, East Bridgewater to the northeast, Halifax to the east, Middleborough to the south, and Raynham to the west. Bridgewater is approximately 5 miles south of Brockton, 10 miles northeast of Taunton, and 25 miles south of the Boston. Bridgewater is a suburb of Boston.

Bridgewater could also be considered a suburb of Brockton, due to Brockton being classified as a city. The other suburban towns surrounding Brockton are Bridgewater, East Bridgewater, West Bridgewater, Whitman, Easton, Abington, Rockland, Holbrook, Avon, and Stoughton.

Neighborhoods in Bridgewater include Stanley, Scotland Park, Pratt Town, Paper Mill Village, and South Bridgewater.

Bridgewater lies along the Taunton River, which has several other rivers and brooks which branch off of the main waterway. There are also several ponds, the largest of which is Lake Nippenicket along the western edge of the town. There is a state forest, a town forest, several conservation areas and a large portion of the Hockomock Swamp Wildlife Management Area, in the western part of town. Parts of this swamp give rise to the so-called Bridgewater Triangle, a small area of concentrated reports of strange Fortean phenomena, colonial "dark days", Bigfoot and mysterious black panthers, UFO sightings, and other weird encounters, a phrase coined by Loren Coleman, author of Mysterious America, often compared to the Bermuda Triangle.[3]

Demographics

See also: List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income
Historical population
YearPop.±%
18502,790—    
18603,761+34.8%
18703,660−2.7%
18803,620−1.1%
18904,249+17.4%
19005,806+36.6%
19107,688+32.4%
19208,438+9.8%
19309,055+7.3%
19408,902−1.7%
19509,512+6.9%
196010,276+8.0%
197012,911+25.6%
198017,202+33.2%
199021,249+23.5%
200025,185+18.5%
201026,563+5.5%
* = population estimate.
Source: United States census records and Population Estimates Program data.[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]

As of the censusTemplate:GR of 2000, there were 25,185 people, 7,526 households, and 5,584 families residing in the town. The population density was 916.2 people per square mile (353.7/km²). There were 7,652 housing units at an average density of 278.4 per square mile (107.5/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 87.28% White, 4.04% Black or African American, 2.23% Native American, 1.08% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 6.23% from other races, and 1.12% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.75% of the population.

There were 7,526 households out of which 38.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.5% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.8% were non-families. 19.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.27.

In the town the population was spread out with 22.9% under the age of 18, 14.7% from 18 to 24, 32.9% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 8.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 110.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $65,318, and the median income for a family was $73,953. Males had a median income of $48,438 versus $32,383 for females. The per capita income for the town was $23,105. About 1.9% of families and 3.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.6% of those under age 18 and 6.1% of those age 65 or over.

Statistically, Bridgewater is the 71st largest town in the Commonwealth by population, and 110th by population density. In the county, Bridgewater ranks third in population and seventh in density.

Economy

In the late 1960s, the economy of Bridgewater was dependent upon the Old Colony Correctional Center and other Massachusetts Correctional Institutions of the MCD in Bridgewater, Bridgewater State Hospital and the Bridgewater Teacher's College (now the Bridgewater State University). Donald Cabana, who served as a prison guard at the Bridgewater prison and later became the superintendent of the Mississippi State Penitentiary, said that "the community promoted the fact that it was home to the United States's first "normal school" (teachers' college), while the prison was "often mentioned in less glowing terms".

Also, for most of the 1800s and beginning of the 1900s, Bridgewater's economy was largely dependent on the factories located within the town. Bridgewater is renowned and known for its iron works factories. One of which is appropriately named Bridgewater Iron Works, and is a registered historical site in Massachusetts. The majority of the Iron Works factory was torn down in 1994 and turned into a park, which is named Ironworks Park. Still, to this day, Bridgewater has numerous iron works companies still in business, namely Ashmont Iron Works, and Superior Nail & Iron. The town also had multiple paper mills, saw mills, and a boot & shore factory. The old boot & shoe factory still stands today off Broad St. adjacent to the MBTA Commuter Train rail tracks and the Burger King. Although the factory no longer manufactures shoes, it still houses numerous businesses and storage units to this day.[14]

Government

Local government

The Town of Bridgewater was formerly governed on the local level by the open town meeting form of government, led by a Board of Selectmen until January 2011. Bridgewater is now led by seven Precinct Councilors, 1 per precinct, and two "at-large councilors", with an appointed Town Manager, Assessor, Tax Collector, for a total of nine Councilors.[15] This is from the majority 'Yes' vote on Question #1 at the April 24, 2010 annual town election, to change from a five person, elected Board of Selectmen to a nine person, elected Town Council, and thus abolishing the Annual Town Meeting, which was held in 2010 after generations.[15][16] Town facilities are located at the center of town, with the Police Department headquarters being just west of the Square along Mass. Route 104. There are two fire departments in town, one next to the College and the other in the eastern part of town, directly behind the Town Hall. There is one U.S. Post Office branch, located just north of the town center along Mass. Route 18. The town's Bridgewater Public Library is just north of the town center, and is a part of the Southeastern Area Internet Library Services ("SAILS") network.[17][18]

State representation

On the Commonwealth level, Bridgewater is represented in the Massachusetts House of Representatives of the General Court of Massachusetts as a portion of the Eighth Plymouth District, which includes Raynham and a small portion of Easton. In the Massachusetts Senate, the Town is a part of the First Plymouth and Bristol District, which also includes Berkley, Carver, Dighton, Marion, Middleborough, Raynham, Taunton and Wareham.[19] The Town is also patrolled by the Fourth (Middleborough) Barracks of Troop 'D' of the Massachusetts State Police.[20]

The Massachusetts Department of Correction operates several correctional facilities in the Bridgewater Correctional Complex in Bridgewater.[21] The prisons in the complex include Bridgewater State Hospital,[22] Massachusetts Alcohol and Substance Abuse Center,[23] Massachusetts Treatment Center,[24] and Old Colony Correctional Center.[21]

Federal representation

On the national level, Bridgewater is a part of Massachusetts's 9th congressional district, which has been represented in the United States House of Representatives since 2001 by Stephen Lynch, a Democrat. The Commonwealth's now recently senior member of the United States Senate, newly elected in 2012, is Elizabeth Warren, since the nomination and appointment of former U.S. Senator John Kerry as United States Secretary of State in 2013.[25] The interim U.S. Senator, appointed when Senator Kerry was nominated/appointed Secretary of State, is William M. Cowan.[26] The Town also has a Massachusetts National Guard armory along Mass. Route 18.

Education

Boyden Hall, on the Bridgewater State University campus

Bridgewater shares its school district with neighboring Raynham, with both towns operating their own elementary and middle schools, and sending their students to a common high school. Bridgewater has one elementary school, George H. Mitchell Elementary School (south and west of the town center - formerly known as Bridgewater Elementary), which serves students from kindergarten through grade three. All the fourth,fifth,and sixth graders attend M.G. Williams Intermediate School, while seventh and eighth graders attend Bridgewater Middle School. The Bridgewater-Raynham Regional High School is located in Bridgewater, west of the town center. B-R's athletics teams are nicknamed the "Trojans", and their colors are red and white. The athletic teams of the Bridgewater Middle School use the "Spartans" nickname.

Bridgewater is also home to the Southbrook School, a private school which serves students from kindergarten through sixth grade. There are also private schools in nearby Taunton and Brockton.

Bridgewater was formerly the site of the well-known, influential Bridgewater Academy, a private high school formerly located on the "Town Common" (park). It was attended by many leading young men of the area in the early and mid 19th Century, including a well-known Massachusetts-born merchant/philanthropist Enoch Pratt (1808-1896), in the late 1830s, who endowed the Public Library in his hometown of North Middleborough and also set up the world-famous Enoch Pratt Free Library, one of the first free public library systems in America. Located in the City of Baltimore, Maryland in Maryland, where he had moved in 1831 and later set up, constructed a central library building and six neighborhood branches, plus an endowment of 1.2 million dollars (in 1880s money!) named the Enoch Pratt Free Library in 1882. The EPFL, has a main central library in the downtown central business district and the northern cultural/historic neighborhood of "Mount Vernon-Belvedere" on "Cathedral Hill", occupying an entire city block, with a four-level landmark building (constructed 1931-33), with an elaborate decorated "Great Hall" atrium, holding over 6 million books and items, which also serves as the Maryland State Library Resource Center, along with about 22 other community and regional branches in that city, plus also serves the surrounding suburban counties with book loans and events/activities. He also gave a separate endowment to a mental health hospital, now known as the Moses Shepherd-Enoch Pratt Hospital in Towson, Maryland, north of Baltimore, and heavily supported his historic landmark downtown church, First Unitarian Church of Baltimore, where the parish hall/classroom/offices building of 1879 is also named for him. The famed late 19th Century millionaire, Scottish-born industrialist, Andrew Carnegie, founder of U.S. Steel Corp. in 1900, took his inspiration from friend Pratt and donated millions of dollars to set up thousands of libraries in local communities all across America and many other enterprises. Pratt also served in many other Maryland and Mid-Atlantic business and transportation concerns. There are still some reminders of his interests and philanthropy in the Middleborough and Bridgewater areas, in addition to in the State of Maryland, where he is a common household name.

The town is also home to Bridgewater State University, a public liberal arts university that was originally founded as a "normal school" (now teachers' school) in 1840. It is the largest of the state's nine state universities outside of the University of Massachusetts system itself. As of 2005, approximately 7,000 undergraduate students and 1,800 postgraduate students are enrolled at the college.[27]

Transportation

Bridgewater is the site of the intersection of Interstate 495 and Mass. Route 24, with only a one mile stretch of the interstate highway running through the southwestern corner of the Town. Just north of this intersection along Mass. Route 24 are two large service areas, both of which have restaurants and a gas station. They are the only two such full service areas along Mass. Route 24, or, for that matter, anywhere along the highways of Southeastern Massachusetts (aside from a stop along U.S. Route 6 in Barnstable; that stop, however, is considered to be off the highway). At the center of town, Mass. Route 18, Mass. Route 28 and Mass. Route 104 meet at the Town Common. Mass. Routes 18 and 28, both north-south routes, are coextensive from this point south to the road's intersection with U.S. Route 44 in Middleborough. Mass. Route 104 passes from east to west, with ramp access to Mass. Route 24 in the west. A short portion of Mass. Route 106 passes along the town line in the northeast of town; Mass. Route 104 's eastern terminus is at that route, just along the East Bridgewater line.

The Middleborough-Lakeville line of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) commuter rail passes through the Town, with a stop at the southern end of Bridgewater State University's campus. The stop is just south of the University's main parking lots at the Southern Campus. There is a small air strip in nearby Taunton, and the nearest national air service can be found at T. F. Green Airport outside Providence and at Logan International Airport in Boston.

Notable residents

Media

See also

References

  1. ^ http://www.sec.state.ma.us/cis/cisctlist/ctlistalph.htm
  2. ^ "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Bridgewater town, Massachusetts". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
  3. ^ Mysterious America by Loren Coleman (NY: Simon and Schuster, 2007)
  4. ^ "Total Population (P1), 2010 Census Summary File 1". American FactFinder, All County Subdivisions within Massachusetts. United States Census Bureau. 2010.
  5. ^ "Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision - GCT-T1. Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  6. ^ "1990 Census of Population, General Population Characteristics: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1990. Table 76: General Characteristics of Persons, Households, and Families: 1990. 1990 CP-1-23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  7. ^ "1980 Census of the Population, Number of Inhabitants: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1981. Table 4. Populations of County Subdivisions: 1960 to 1980. PC80-1-A23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  8. ^ "1950 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. 1952. Section 6, Pages 21-10 and 21-11, Massachusetts Table 6. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1930 to 1950. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  9. ^ "1920 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. Number of Inhabitants, by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions. Pages 21-5 through 21-7. Massachusetts Table 2. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1920, 1910, and 1920. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  10. ^ "1890 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. Pages 179 through 182. Massachusetts Table 5. Population of States and Territories by Minor Civil Divisions: 1880 and 1890. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  11. ^ "1870 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1872. Pages 217 through 220. Table IX. Population of Minor Civil Divisions, &c. Massachusetts. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  12. ^ "1860 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1864. Pages 220 through 226. State of Massachusetts Table No. 3. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  13. ^ "1850 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1854. Pages 338 through 393. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  14. ^ Cabana, Donald. Death at Midnight: The Confession of an Executioner. University Press of New England, 1998. 21. Retrieved from Google News on August 16, 2010. ISBN 1-55553-356-6, ISBN 978-1-55553-356-4.
  15. ^ a b "Chapter 52 of the Acts of 2010". Boston: Massachusetts General Court. Retrieved 14 November 2010.
  16. ^ Legere, Christine (November 14, 2010). "Bridgewater holds its last Town Meeting with a nod to its first". Boston Sunday Globe. Retrieved 14 November 2010.
  17. ^ "Bridgewater Public Library". SAILS Library Network. Retrieved 14 November 2010.
  18. ^ "Member Libraries". SAILS Library Network. Retrieved 14 November 2010.
  19. ^ Index of Legislative Representation by City and Town, from Mass.gov
  20. ^ Station D-4, SP Middleborough
  21. ^ a b "Old Colony Correctional Center." Massachusetts Department of Correction. Retrieved on August 16, 2010.
  22. ^ "Bridgewater State Hospital." Massachusetts Department of Correction. Retrieved on August 16, 2010.
  23. ^ "Massachusetts Alcohol and Substance Abuse Center." Massachusetts Department of Correction. Retrieved on August 16, 2010.
  24. ^ "Massachusetts Treatment Center." Massachusetts Department of Correction. Retrieved on August 16, 2010.
  25. ^ http://www.senate.gov/general/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm?State=MA
  26. ^ http://www.cowan.senate.gov/
  27. ^ "BSC Fast Facts: Office of Institutional Research and Assessment" (page), bridgew.edu, webpage: [1]
  28. ^ a b Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896. Marquis Who's Who. 1967.
  29. ^ "Mickey Cochrane Statistics". The Baseball Cube. Retrieved 2007-12-27.
  30. ^ "Marc Colombo Bio/Statistics". NFL.com. Retrieved 2007-12-27.
  31. ^ http://www.bridgewaterpubliclibrary.org/authors.htm
  32. ^ The Bridgewater Independent
  33. ^ Comment
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