Middlesbrough F.C.
Middlesbrough Football Club Crest | |||
Full name | Middlesbrough Football Club | ||
---|---|---|---|
Nickname(s) | The Boro, Smoggies[1][2][3][4] | ||
Founded | 1876 | ||
Ground | Riverside Stadium, Middlesbrough | ||
Capacity | 34,742[5] | ||
Owner | Steve Gibson | ||
Chairman | Keithy Rogers (Old Man) | ||
Head Coach | Aitor Karanka | ||
League | The Championship | ||
2012–13 | The Championship, 16th | ||
Website | Club website | ||
| |||
Middlesbrough Football Club /ˈmɪdəlzbrə/, also known as Boro, are an English football club based in Middlesbrough, who play in the Football League Championship. Formed in 1876, they have played at the Riverside Stadium since August 1995,[6] their third ground since turning professional in 1889. Their longest-serving home was Ayresome Park, where they played for 92 years, from 1903 to 1995.
They were one of the founding members of the Premier League in 1992. The club's main rivals are Sunderland and Newcastle United,[7]
The club's highest league finish to date was third in the 1913–14 season and they have only spent two seasons outside of the Football League's top two divisions.[8] The club came close to folding in 1986 after experiencing severe financial difficulties before the club was saved by a consortium led by then board member and later chairman Steve Gibson.[9] Middlesbrough were controversially deducted three points for failing to fulfil a fixture against Blackburn Rovers during the 1996–97 Premier League season and were subsequently relegated.[10] They were promoted the following season and spent eleven consecutive seasons in the top division before relegation.[9] Middlesbrough won the League Cup in 2004, the club's first and only major trophy.[11] They reached the 2006 UEFA Cup Final in May 2006 but were beaten by Spanish side Sevilla. On 24 May 2009, Middlesbrough were relegated to the Championship, failing to extend their 11-year stay in the Premier League.[12]
The club's traditional kit is red with white detailing. The various crests throughout the club's history, the most recent of which was adopted in May 2007,[13] incorporate a lion rampant.
History
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Middlesbrough_FC_Finishing_Positions.jpg/220px-Middlesbrough_FC_Finishing_Positions.jpg)
They won the FA Amateur Cup in 1895 and again in 1898. The club turned professional in 1889, but reverted to amateur status in 1892.[8] They turned professional permanently in 1899.[14] After three seasons, they won promotion to the First Division, where they would remain for the next 22 years.[8]
In 1903, the club moved to Ayresome Park, their home for the next 92 years. In 1905, the club sanctioned the transfer of Alf Common for £1,000, a record fee.[15] Over the next few years, their form fluctuated greatly, rising to sixth in 1907–08 before dropping to seventeenth two seasons later. The club rose to their highest league finish to date, third, in 1913–14.[16] The First World War soon intervened and football was suspended. In 2012 Boro went on to win the league Before league football resumed, Middlesbrough won the Northern Victory League, but the team were unable to maintain their previous form and finished the 1919–20 season in mid-table. They remained in the First Division for the next few seasons, but were relegated in 1923–24 after finishing bottom, ten points adrift of their nearest rivals.[17] Three seasons later, they won the Division Two title. During that season, debutant George Camsell, who had signed from Third Division North side Durham City the previous season, finished with a record 59 league goals, which included nine hat tricks. He would continue as top scorer for each of the next ten seasons.[18] Their tenure back in the top flight lasted only one season, and the club were relegated. They were promoted at the first attempt in 1928–29, winning another Second Division title. The club remained in the First Division until 1954.
The decade before the war saw the emergence of Wilf Mannion and George Hardwick, both of whom would go on to become England internationals in the years ahead. Middlesbrough climbed to fourth in the last full season before the Second World War and were expected to challenge for the title next season, but the war intervened.[8] After the war, the club was unable to recover the form of the previous seasons and hovered around mid-table and exited in the early rounds of the FA Cup. Soon afterwards the team began to falter, eventually suffering relegation in 1953–54. This was the start of a 20-year spell outside the top division, but saw the emergence of one of the club's top goalscorers, Brian Clough, who scored 204 goals in 222 games, before he left for Sunderland.[19] Over that period, Middlesbrough maintained reasonable progress in the Second Division but were never serious contenders for promotion. After a fourth place finish in 1962–63, the club endured a steady decline and were relegated to the Third Division for the first time in their history in 1966.
New manager Stan Anderson returned the club to the second flight at the first attempt. Middlesbrough would not finish below ninth during the next eight seasons.[17] By 1974, Jack Charlton had taken over as manager and guided the team back to the top flight. They ensured promotion as early as 23 March, and with eight games of the season left, they became runaway champions, finishing with a record 65 points.[20] Middlesbrough won their first silverware as a professional side in the 1975–76 season, lifting the Anglo-Scottish Cup in its inaugural season after a two-legged final win over Fulham.[21]
The club experienced severe financial difficulties during the mid-1980s. Middlesbrough were dropping down the table, and finished nineteenth in the 1984–85 season. In April 1986 the club had to borrow £30,000 from the PFA to pay wages. The final game of the season saw Middlesbrough relegated to the Third Division once more.[8] That summer, the club called in the Provisional Liquidator and shortly afterwards, the club was wound up and the gates to Ayresome Park were padlocked. Without the £350,000 capital required for Football League registration, a new rule, it seemed inevitable that the club would fold permanently.[22] However, Steve Gibson, a member of the board at the time, brought together a consortium and with ten minutes to spare before the deadline, they completed their registration with the Football League for the 1986–87 season.[23] Following the registration came both a change of club crest and a change of the official company name to Middlesbrough Football and Athletic Club (1986) Ltd.[24]
Over the next two seasons, Middlesbrough gained successive promotions into Division Two and then into Division One. The next season though, they came straight back down to Division Two, and with it came the then British transfer record move of Gary Pallister to Manchester United for £2.3 million.[25] Despite constant promotion and relegation, Middlesbrough were founding members of the FA Premier League for the 1992–93 season.[26]
Player-manager Bryan Robson, from Manchester United, took charge in 1994 and Middlesbrough were brought back into national attention.[27] Following promotion to the Premier League and high-profile purchases like diminutive Brazilian Juninho, many considered Middlesbrough were on the way up.[28] However, a difficult 1996–97 season was compounded by a deduction of three points imposed just after Christmas, as punishment for the club's failure to fulfil a fixture against Blackburn, which ultimately resulted in relegation.[10] Without the points deduction, the club would have had enough points to avoid relegation. At the same time, the club managed to reach both the League and FA cup finals for the first time, but lost out in both. Despite being in the second tier they were again runners up in the League Cup final the next year.[24]
Despite losing high profile players Fabrizio Ravanelli and Juninho due to relegation, Middlesbrough were promoted back to the Premiership at the first attempt in 1998. The following season saw them settle well and they enjoyed a 12-game unbeaten run midway through 1998–99, including a 3–2 win at Old Trafford in January during which they took a 3–0 lead. It was United's only home defeat during their treble winning season. They continued to stay secure in mid-table the following season, thanks mainly to the goals of Hamilton Ricard and the signings of big name players such as Paul Ince and Christian Ziege. In 2000–01 they had a brief relegation scare that was solved with the arrival of Terry Venables as co-manager, and a 3–0 win away at Arsenal in March was the team's best result. The trend of buying European stars continued with the acquisitions of Christian Karembeu and Alen Bokšić.
Bryan Robson left the club before the start of 2001–02 season, having served as manager for 7 years, and was replaced by Manchester United assistant coach Steve McClaren. The following seasons saw Premiership security maintained as Middlesbrough slowly improved and were seen as a tough side to beat when playing at the Riverside Stadium. During McClaren's reign, Middlesbrough achieved their highest Premier league placing of 7th in the 2004/5 season.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/MillenniumStadiumInside.jpg/220px-MillenniumStadiumInside.jpg)
The 2003–04 season was the most successful in the club's history as they finally won a major trophy after beating Bolton 2–1 in the League Cup final under manager Steve McClaren.[11] This success also ensured that Middlesbrough would qualify for Europe – the UEFA Cup – for the first time, in which they reached the last 16. UEFA cup qualification was achieved for the second consecutive year after a dramatic 1–1 away draw with Manchester City thanks to a late penalty save from Mark Schwarzer in the last game of the season.[29]
Middlesbrough reached the 2006 UEFA Cup Final in Eindhoven, following two comebacks from 3–0 down in the rounds preceding it,[30][31] but lost 4–0 to Sevilla.[32] Following the cup final, McClaren left to head up the England team, and captain Gareth Southgate took over, despite not having the coaching qualifications, but he was allowed to continue after receiving special dispensation.[33] During the 2007–08 season, Southgate broke Middlesbrough's record transfer fee, paying £13.6 million for Brazilian striker Afonso Alves.[34] Southgate's first two seasons saw the club finish in 12th and 13th places. He oversaw the club reaching the quarter finals of the FA Cup for three seasons, but the club was relegated to the Football League Championship on the last day of the 2008–09 season. Southgate was sacked in October 2009, and replaced by Gordon Strachan.[35] At the time of Southgate's dismissal, Boro were fourth in the Championship and only four points away from the automatic promotion spot, but their form under Strachan was significantly worse and they finished mid-table.[citation needed]
Despite starting the 2010–11 campaign as promotion favourites, the club endured a disappointing start to the season securing only 1-point in 5 away games. Having slipped to 20th in the Championship following a home defeat to rivals Leeds, Strachan resigned on 18 October. A week later, Tony Mowbray was confirmed as the new manager.[36] Having staved off the threat of relegation, Mowbray successfully transformed Boro's fortunes, eventually guiding them to a top-half finish. Boro ended the season top of the form table after four consecutive league wins, the first such run since 1998. However, despite a magnificent first half of the season, Boro failed to capitalise, and finished 7th in the League, missing out on the play-off's by 5 points and 1 position.
Following a poor run of form of 2 wins in 12 games in the 2013–14 campaign, on 21 October 2013, nearly 3 years after his arrival, Tony Mowbray left the club with immediate effect.[37] Aitor Karanka, a former Spanish defender and assistant coach at Real Madrid became the new Middlesbrough manager on 13 November 2013, signing a 2 year contract.[38] He will become the first non-British manager at the club.
Colours and crest
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Kit_left_arm.svg/31px-Kit_left_arm.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Kit_body_collarwithbodywhite.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Kit_body.svg/38px-Kit_body.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Kit_right_arm.svg/31px-Kit_right_arm.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Kit_shorts.svg/100px-Kit_shorts.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Kit_socks_long.svg/100px-Kit_socks_long.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/09/Middlesbrough_crest_old.png/200px-Middlesbrough_crest_old.png)
Middlesbrough's original home kit upon election to the Football League in 1899 was a white home shirt with blue shorts and they did not adopt their colours of red and white until later that season.[40] Previous kits included a white shirt with a blue and white polka dotted collar from around 1889. The Middlesbrough kit has remained broadly the same over the years with a red shirt and socks and either red or white shorts. The distinctive broad white stripe across the chest was introduced by Jack Charlton in 1973 (following an attempt to change the home shirt to a Leeds United-style white shirt) and brought back for a one-off in 1997–98 and then again for the 2000–01 and 2004–05 seasons due to popular demand.[41] The club subsequently announced in December 2007 that the club would allow the fans to decide via an online and text vote whether the white band should return for the following season.[42] On 8 January 2008 the club announced that the white band was to return, with 77.4% of voters voting in its favour, with the fans to choose the final shirt design from a selection of three designs,[43] of which the winner was announced on 7 May 2008.[44]
The Middlesbrough crest has gone through four changes since the formation of the club. Initially, the badge was simply the town of Middlesbrough's crest with a red lion instead of a blue lion in order to fit in with the club's colours. Following the adoption of the white band on the shirts in 1973, only the red lion remained with the letters "M.F.C" underneath in red. This was further adapted following the reformation of the club in 1986 to a circular crest with the lion in the middle and the words "Middlesbrough Football Club 1986" around the circle in order to reflect this new era. In 2007, Middlesbrough changed their crest once again, this time with the lion inside a shield and the words "Middlesbrough Football Club 1876" underneath.[13] The club stated that this was to reflect the club's long history and not just their post-liquidation status.[13]
Since the 2009–10 season, Middlesbrough's kit has been produced by adidas, replacing the previous deal with Errea which had lasted for 15 years.[45] The kit is only available in the UK from the official club shops and Middlesbrough's online store.[46] The club's shirt sponsor was announced on 20 July 2007 as satellite navigation device manufacturers Garmin.[47][48] This contract was extended until the end of the 2008–09 season in a deal described as "the biggest in the club's history".[49] As of the start of the 2011/2012 season Middlesbrough will be sponsored by Ramsdens pawnbrokers.
Kit manufacturers
1976–1977 – Bukta
1977–1983 – Adidas
1984–1987 – Hummel
1987–1992 – Skill
1992–1994 – Admiral
1994–2009 – Errea
2009–present – Adidas
Kit sponsors
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Boro_shirts_1994-2010.jpg/220px-Boro_shirts_1994-2010.jpg)
1980–1982 – Datsun Cleveland
1982–1984 – McLean Homes
1984–1986 – Camerons
1986–1988 – Dickens
1988–1990 – Heritage Hampers
1990–1992 – Evening Gazette
1992–1994 – ICI
1994–1995 – oceaneering
1995–2002 – Cellnet/BT Cellnet
2002–2004 – Dial a Phone
2004–2007 – 888.com
2007–2010 – Garmin
2010 – Wiring Services
2011–present – Ramsdens
Sponsorship
Ramsdens – Official Sponsor
Adidas – Official Partner
Jaguar – Official Partner
Teesside University – Official Partner
FCBETZ.com – Official Partner
Heineken – Official Partner
BBC Tees – Official Partner
SG Petch – Official Partner
Dickinson Dees – Official Partner
Rockliffe Hall – Official Partner
Tees Valley Coach Travel – Official Travel Provider
Oceaneering - Biggest Partner
Stadium
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Riverside_Stadium_front.jpg/220px-Riverside_Stadium_front.jpg)
After formation in 1876, and with the club still amateurs, Middlesbrough's first two years of football were played at Albert Park in Middlesbrough. After seeing the damage being caused by players and supporters, the Park Committee ordered the club to find an alternate venue. The club moved to Breckon Hill, behind the present-day Middlesbrough College, after agreeing to rent the land from its owner. However, two years later in 1880, the owner increased the rent and the club decided to move. They moved into the Linthorpe Road Ground in 1882, home at the time of Middlesbrough Cricket Club. The cricket club departed in 1893–94 to move to the Breckon Hill field, and Middlesbrough Football Club became sole users of the ground.[50]
With the club's growing size, and entry to the Football League, they had to move to a new ground in 1903, Ayresome Park.[9] It was designed by Archibald Leitch and would be the club's home for the next 92 years. Following the Taylor Report in 1990, the ground either needed modernising or the club needed a new stadium. The club decided on the latter, and moved out at the end of the 1994–95 season. It was used as a training ground during 1995–96, before it was demolished in 1997 and a housing estate built in its place.[50] The club now trains at a £7 million complex at Rockliffe Park, in Hurworth, on the outskirts of Darlington.[51]
The Riverside Stadium, named by the supporters of the club after a vote, became the club's home in 1995. It was the first stadium to be built in line with the Taylor Report's recommendations on all-seater stadia for clubs in the top two divisions of the English football league system.[52] It was originally a 30,000 seater stadium, constructed at a cost of £16 million,[53] before it was expanded in 1998 to a capacity of 35,100 for an extra £5 million.[6] The capacity of the stadium has since been reduced slightly to its current level of 34,988.
Average attendances at Middlesbrough matches have fluctuated over the past several years, moving from a 2004–05 high average of 32,012 to a low of 26,092 in 2006–07, then up again to 28,428 in 2008–09. Following relegation to the Championship attendances have dipped, although the crowd of 23,451 which saw Middlesbrough's first Championship game against Sheffield United represents far higher gates than is usual for the division, and indeed larger than those of some Premier League clubs, for example Queens Park Rangers or Wigan Athletic.
A reorganization of the Riverside Stadium occurred at the start of the 2013–14 season. Away fans were moved from behind the goal at the South Stand to the East Stand whilst home fans can now sit behind the goal in an attempt to create a bigger atmosphere at the stadium. Also, a giant TV screen was placed in the South-East corner.[54]
Supporters
Traditionally supporters come from Middlesbrough itself and towns in the immediate area. Middlesbrough have one of the highest proportions in Britain of locally born season ticket holders at 80%, and one of the highest proportions of female fans at 20%.[55] A survey at the start of the 2007–08 season found Middlesbrough supporters were the seventh loudest set of fans in the Premier League.[56]
Middlesbrough Official Supporters Club, which features their own team in the local football league,[57] has links with supporters' clubs across the globe. The largest supporters' clubs include the Official Supporters' Club, the Middlesbrough Disabled Supporters' Association, Yarm Reds, Red Faction and Middlesbrough Supporters South.[58]
Middlesbrough supporters' main rivals are Sunderland (with whom they contest the Tees–Wear derby), Newcastle United (with whom they contest the Tyne–Tees derby), and Leeds United, a fact confirmed by planetfootball.com's 2004 survey,[7] where Sunderland and Newcastle fans also considered Middlesbrough to be amongst their top three rivalries. Carlisle United see Middlesbrough as their biggest rivals, but Middlesbrough supporters have not reciprocated, as they do not see Carlisle as a top three rival.
The nickname Smoggies was first used as a derogatory term by opposing supporters;[59] it relates to the industrial air pollution (smog) that has been ever present since the Industrial Revolution, but it was later used by Middlesbrough fans in a somewhat self-deprecating manner before finally being adopted as a badge of pride by supporters of the club. An example of this can be seen on the banners carried to away games stating "Smoggies on Tour".[60] Middlesbrough fans were notably praised by UEFA Chief Executive Lars-Christer Olsson after their behaviour during the 2005–06 UEFA Cup campaign.[61] He commended that:
You have the satisfaction of knowing that, although your team did not win the game, your supporters present in Eindhoven proved to the world that football fans can turn a match into a friendly, violence-free celebration.
Middlesbrough fans had also been praised by Cleveland Police for their behaviour in previous rounds, particularly in the light of aggravation prior to and during the match at Roma.[62]
Media relations
Middlesbrough were the first football club in the world to launch its own TV channel – "Boro TV". The first broadcasts were tied to the club's first ever major cup final appearance in 1997, a full year ahead of Manchester United's MUTV, which still claims to be the first in the world. The channel was the brainchild of then NTL Markeking Director, Peter Wilcock. Its programmes were not 'live' initially but were pre-recorded and hosted by local radio/TV broadcaster & Boro fan, Dave Roberts. Boro TV went on to claim another 'first' when in August 2001 it become the first English football club to broadcast time-delayed full-match footage of their league games on their own channel.[63] Boro TV ran through NTL cable television until July 2005.[64] The club now show match highlights through a subscription-based scheme on their official website.[65]
Middlesbrough's official matchday programme, Redsquare, was Programme Monthly's 2006–07 Programme of the Year.[66] There are numerous other fanzines available, most notably Fly Me to the Moon, formed in September 1988 following Bruce Rioch's quote to Tony Mowbray, stating "If I had to go to the moon I'd want him by my side".[67]
Community
Middlesbrough Football Club in the Community (MFCIC) was founded in 1995 by club chairman Steve Gibson[68] and is the largest community-based football scheme in the United Kingdom.[69] It is run separately from the football club but receives support from both the club in terms of providing players, staff, stadium facilities and PR in the matchday programme and other publications, as well as support from other local organisations.[70]
Since 2002, the club and MFCIC have also run the Middlesbrough Enterprise Academy, a scheme which helps local children improve their entrepreneurial skills and increase their awareness of business planning and finance. In March 2008, plans were announced by the Premier League to roll out the scheme nationally amongst all Premier League clubs.[71]
It was announced in December 2007 that Middlesbrough football club had carried out more community work during 2006–07 than any other Premier League club, rising from second place the previous year, with the club making 318 appearances – almost twice the Premier League average of 162.[72] They were in the top two for community appearances again in 2007–08, with 374 – a 17% increase on the previous season.[73]
Middlesbrough's mascot is Roary the Lion. The club runs Roary's Children's Charity Fund which purchases items for local children's charities.[74]
In 2009, steel producer Corus Group announced the possibility that it would mothball its Teesside plant, with up to 4,000 employees and contractors facing redundancy, after a consortium of steel magnates walked away from a 10-year deal. Middlesbrough Football Club helped with the "Save Our Steel" campaign by hosting dozens of steel workers and their families as they marched around the ground, promoted the campaign via the stadium's PA system, scoreboards and in match day programmes, while players wore t-shirts during warm-ups promoting the campaign.[75] Chairman Steve Gibson said:
"Middlesbrough Football Club exists for the community, for the people of Teesside—and the closure of the steel plants threatens to rip the heart out of our community. We cannot stand by and allow that to happen. We want the steelworkers and their families to know that we are behind them and will help their campaign in any way we can ... We like to think that the football club is the flagship of Teesside. Well this is our town and these are our people and we have to do what we can to help them."[75]
Honours
Domestic
League
- Champions: 1926–27, 1928–29, 1973–74, 1994–95
Runners-up: 1901–02, 1991–92, 1997–98
- Runners-up: 1966–67, 1986–87
- Champions 1893–94, 1894–95, 1896–97
Runners-up 1890–91, 1891–92, 1897–98
Cup
- Runners up 1997
- Winners 1894–95, 1897–98
- Runners up 1990
- Winners 2004
- Runners up 2003
International
- Runners up 2005–06
- Winners 1976
- Winners 1980
Club staff
As of 26 December 2013[update]
|
|
Players
Current squad
- As of 5 January 2014.[81]
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
|
|
Out on loan
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
|
Reserves and Academy
Notable players
Middlesbrough Legends
These eleven players were voted for by fans as part of a campaign with the Evening Gazette.[82]
|
Top appearances
These players made more than 430 appearances during their time at the club. The number in brackets indicates the number of appearances in all competitions.[83]
|
|
|
Top goalscorers
These players scored more than 140 goals during their time with the club. The number in brackets indicates the number of goals scored in all competitions.[83]
|
|
|
Player of the Year award winners
Football League 100 Legends
The Football League 100 Legends is a list of "100 legendary football players" produced by The Football League in 1998, to celebrate the 100th season of League football.[84]
|
English Football Hall of Fame
The English Football Hall of Fame is housed at The National Football Museum in Preston, England. The Hall aims to celebrate and highlight the achievements of top English Footballers and Footballers who have played in England. These players appeared for or managed Middlesbrough at some point in their careers.[85]
|
|
|
Scottish Football Hall of Fame
The following former Middlesbrough players and managers have been inducted into the Scottish Football Hall of Fame.
|
|
Middlesbrough players at World Cups
The following players were chosen to represent their country at the World Cup while contracted to Middlesbrough.
|
Managers
The following are all the full-time Middlesbrough managers since the club turned professional in 1899.[86]
|
|
References and notes
- ^ Hancox, Dan (10 September 2009). "How is Britain coping with the recession? – Middlesbrough – Smoggies steel themselves". New Statesman. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
- ^ "Teesside MP uses the word "smoggie" in Parliament speech". Evening Gazette (Teesside). 11 July 2011. Retrieved 29 September 2013.
- ^ "Maximo Park fear for footy teams". BBC News. 22 April 2009. Retrieved 29 September 2013.
- ^ Lawson, Helen (21 March 2013). "Janoaworramean? Frustrated Teesside mother pens 'Smoggie dictionary' with translations into Standard English to help others understand her". Daily Mail. Retrieved 29 September 2013.
- ^ "The Riverside Stadium Info". Middlesbrough F.C. Retrieved 25 June 2011.
- ^ a b "Boro FC club info". gazettelive.co.uk. Retrieved 27 May 2008.
- ^ a b "Club rivalries uncovered" (PDF). footballfancensus. Retrieved 13 October 2007.
- ^ a b c d e f g Glasper, Harry. Middlesbrough A Complete Record 1876–1989. Breedon Books Sport. ISBN 0-907969-53-4.
- ^ a b c "Middlesbrough, Official Site of the Premier League". Premier League. Retrieved 31 August 2007.
- ^ a b "Season 1996/97". Premier League. Retrieved 27 May 2008.
- ^ a b c "Boro lift Carling Cup". BBC Sport. 29 February 2004. Retrieved 21 May 2007.
- ^ Parrish, Rob (24 May 2009). "Premier League round-up". Sky Sports. BSkyB. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
- ^ a b c Matt Westcott (12 May 2007). "Boro change badge to reflect history". The Northern Echo. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
- ^ "Club History – Birth of The Boro: 1876–1902". Middlesbrough F.C. Retrieved 21 May 2007.
- ^ "Battling with the Boro for 125 years". Evening Gazette. 21 October 2003. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
- ^ "Club History – Early Years: 1903-World War II". Middlesbrough F.C. Retrieved 21 May 2007.
- ^ a b c d "League history". mfc1986.co.uk. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
- ^ "George Camsell". gazettelive.co.uk. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 26 May 2008.
- ^ Glanville, Brian (20 September 2004). "Obituary: Brian Clough". The Guardian. UK. Retrieved 26 May 2008.
- ^ "Club History – Mannion, Hardwick, Clough and Charlton: 1945 to 1986". Middlesbrough F.C. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
- ^ "The Anglo-Scottish Cup". The English Football Archive. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
- ^ "Just 37 days to save our club". gazettelive.co.uk. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
- ^ "Uefa final caps Boro fairytale". BBC. 8 May 2006. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
- ^ a b c "Club History – Winners at Last! 1986 to present". Middlesbrough F.C. Retrieved 21 May 2007.
- ^ "Manchester United: The Sir Alex Era – Part 1". BBC. Retrieved 28 May 2007.
- ^ "Middlesbrough Football Club Profile". Premier League. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
- ^ "Bryan Robson". ESPNsoccernet. Retrieved 23 May 2007.
- ^ "Middlesbrough Football Club". Premier League. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
- ^ Rich, Tim (16 May 2005). "City pay the penalty for Fowler miss". The Daily Telegraph. UK. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
- ^ "Middlesbrough 4–1 Basle". BBC Sport. 6 April 2004. Retrieved 28 May 2007.
- ^ "M'brough 4–2 S B'chrst". BBC Sport. 27 April 2004. Retrieved 28 May 2007.
- ^ a b "Sevilla run away with trophy". UEFA. Retrieved 26 May 2008.
- ^ Stewart, Rob (23 November 2006). "Southgate wins coaching badges appeal". The Daily Telegraph. UK. Retrieved 31 August 2007.
- ^ Bright, Richard (6 February 2008). "Afonso Alves eyes Middlesbrough debut". The Daily Telegraph. UK. Retrieved 27 May 2008.
- ^ "Gordon Strachan confirmed as Middlesbrough's new manager". the guardian. UK. 26 October 2009. Retrieved 26 October 2009.
- ^ "Middlesbrough name Tony Mowbray as new manager". BBC Sport. 26 October 2010. Retrieved 18 March 2012.
- ^ "Middlesbrough | Tony Mowbray Leaves Boro". Mfc.co.uk. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
- ^ "Aitor Karanka: Middlesbrough name ex-Real Madrid man as boss". BBC Sport. BBC. 13 November 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
- ^ "Middlesbrough F.C. kits". kitclassics.co.uk. Archived from the original on 17 April 2007. Retrieved 21 May 2007.
- ^ "Middlesbrough". Historical Football Kits. Retrieved 21 May 2008.
- ^ "Any Answers?". "mfc.co.uk". Retrieved 20 July 2007.
- ^ "Take Part in Boro's Battle of the Band". Middlesbrough F.C. 30 December 2007. Retrieved 31 December 2007.
- ^ "We're Backing The Band". Middlesbrough F.C. 8 January 2008. Retrieved 9 January 2008.
- ^ "The Band Is Back!". Middlesbrough F.C. 7 May 2008. Retrieved 7 May 2008.
- ^ "Errea dropped in favour of global brand adidas". Evening Gazette. 31 March 2009. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- ^ "DAVE ALLAN INTERVIEW 23–12–05". ComeOnBoro.com. 23 December 2005. Archived from the original on 7 April 2007. Retrieved 22 May 2007.
- ^ "Boro Sponsorship Talks Ongoing". Middlesbrough F.C. 28 June 2007. Retrieved 28 June 2007.
- ^ "Boro Announce New Sponsor". "mfc.co.uk". 20 July 2007. Retrieved 20 July 2007.
- ^ "Boro's Biggest Shirt Signing in History". eveninggazettelive.co.uk. 18 January 2008. Retrieved 18 January 2008.
- ^ a b "Road to the Riverside". Middlesbrough F.C. Retrieved 10 June 2007.
- ^ "Rockliffe Park". Middlesbrough F.C. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
- ^ "Riverside Stadium". foxsoccer.com. Retrieved 26 May 2008.
- ^ "Boro FC club info, The Riverside Stadium". gazettelive.co.uk. Retrieved 3 September 2007.
- ^ Tallentire, Philip (13 March 2013). "Reorganisation of Riverside Stadium given go-ahead". Gazette Live. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
- ^ "Football's Rich Pickings". BBC. 25 May 2001. Retrieved 23 May 2007.
- ^ "Premier League – Noise League Table". Yahoo! Sport. 26 October 2007. Archived from the original on 28 October 2007. Retrieved 27 October 2007.
- ^ "Supporters' Clubs". Middlesbrough F.C. Retrieved 21 May 2007.
- ^ "Supporters' clubs". Middlesbrough F.C. Retrieved 3 September 2007.
- ^ "Football club bans gas masks". BBC News. 5 March 2003. Retrieved 26 May 2008.
- ^ "'Impeccable' Boro fans win praise". Northern Echo. 20 May 2006. Retrieved 31 August 2007.
- ^ "Boro fans praised for behaviour". BBC News. 16 March 2006. Retrieved 31 August 2007.
- ^ "Boro first to take advantage of new TV rights regulations". sportbusiness.com. 31 August 2001. Retrieved 31 August 2007.
- ^ "Boro television channel to close". BBC Sport. 1 July 2005. Retrieved 31 August 2007.
- ^ "Official website". Middlesbrough FC. Retrieved 31 August 2007.
- ^ "Success is taken as read (section title)". Evening Gazette. 14 March 2007. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
- ^ Fraser, Alan (13 April 2008). "Mowbray, the 'miserable sod' whose life was truly kissed by an angel". Daily Mail. UK. Retrieved 3 April 2008.
- ^ "Middlesbrough Football Club in the Community". mfcic.co.uk. Retrieved 10 December 2007.
- ^ "Blair Praises Community Role". Middlesbrough F.C. Retrieved 10 December 2007.
- ^ "Funders and Sponsors". mfcic.co.uk. Archived from the original on 19 May 2007. Retrieved 10 December 2007.
- ^ "Boro Inspire Enterprise Push". Middlesbrough F.C. 14 March 2008. Retrieved 14 March 2008.
- ^ "Boro are charity champs". Evening Gazette. 10 December 2007. Retrieved 10 December 2007.
- ^ "Boro Heroes Star in the Community". Middlesbrough F.C. 24 December 2008. Retrieved 24 December 2008.
- ^ "Boro's Annual Charter Report". Middlesbrough F.C. Retrieved 26 January 2008.
- ^ a b "Boro's Steel Fight Goes On". Middlesbrough F.C. 16 September 2009. Retrieved 16 September 2009.
- ^ Second tier / Football League Championship of English football.
- ^ Third tier of English football.
- ^ "Boro's nearly men". BBC Sport. 12 April 2002. Retrieved 26 May 2008.
- ^ "Other Records". mfc1986.co.uk. Retrieved 31 August 2007.
- ^ "Kirin Cup". Retrieved 31 August 2007.
- ^ "Boro allocate squad numbers". Gazette Live. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
- ^ "Boro Legends". Evening Gazette. 13 August 2007. Archived from the original on 23 January 2008. Retrieved 1 August 2009.
- ^ a b Rollin, Glenda & Rollin, Jack (2006). Sky Sports Football Yearbook 2006–2007. Headline. ISBN 0-7553-1526-X.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Sport: Football Legends list in full". BBC News. 5 August 1998. Retrieved 31 August 2007.
- ^ "Hall of Fame". National Football Museum. Archived from the original on 11 August 2007. Retrieved 31 August 2007.
- ^ "MFC History – Managers". Middlesbrough F.C. Retrieved 31 August 2007.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Official websites
- MFC.co.uk Official club website
- Middlesbrough at The Football League's official website
- News sites
- Middlesbrough F.C. on BBC Sport: Club news – Recent results and fixtures
- Middlesbrough news from Sky Sports
- Fan/other websites
- Boro-Stat Unofficial stats & graphs website
- Middlesbrough at SportEpoch
- Friends Reunited Photos through the years
- Football clubs in England
- Middlesbrough F.C.
- Sport in Middlesbrough
- Premier League clubs
- Football League clubs
- Association football clubs established in 1876
- Football clubs in North Yorkshire
- Football League Cup winners
- Football League Championship clubs
- 1876 establishments in England
- Northern Football League