Jay Dardenne
Jay Dardenne | |
---|---|
![]() Dardenne in 2013 | |
53rd Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana | |
Assumed office November 22, 2010 | |
Governor | Bobby Jindal |
Preceded by | Scott Angelle |
Secretary of State of Louisiana | |
In office November 10, 2006 – November 22, 2010 | |
Governor |
|
Preceded by | Al Ater |
Succeeded by | Tom Schedler |
Louisiana state senator from District 16 (East Baton Rouge Parish) | |
In office 1992–2006 | |
Preceded by | Kenneth E. Osterberger |
Succeeded by | Bill Cassidy |
Personal details | |
Born | John Leigh Dardenne, Jr. February 6, 1954 Baton Rouge, Louisiana |
Political party | Republican |
Spouse | Catherine McDonald "Cathy" Dardenne |
Children |
|
Alma mater | Louisiana State University |
Profession | Lawyer |
John Leigh "Jay" Dardenne, Jr. (born February 6, 1954), has been Louisiana's 53rd lieutenant governor since November 22, 2010. He won a special election to the position held in conjunction with the regular November 2 general election. At the time, Dardenne was Louisiana secretary of state. Formerly, Dardenne (pronounced DAR DEN)[1] was a member of the Louisiana State Senate from the Baton Rouge suburbs, having served from 1992 until his election as secretary of state on September 30, 2006.
Political overview
Dardenne was reelected to a full term as secretary of state in the October 20, 2007, nonpartisan blanket primary. He received 758,156 votes (63 percent) to 373,956 (31 percent) for the Democrat Robert Wooley. A "No Party" candidate, Scott Lewis, received the remaining 64,704 votes (5 percent). Dardenne won fifty-eight of the state's sixty-four parishes. He outpolled gubernatorial candidate Bobby Jindal, a fellow Republican, in raw votes and won sixty-one parishes to Jindal's sixty.[2]
On November 2, 2010, Dardenne was elected lieutenant governor of Louisiana, defeating opponent Caroline Fayard, a young Democrat originally from Denham Springs, in the 2010 State of Louisiana elections.[3] Tom Schedler, Dardenne's chief deputy in the secretary of state's office, succeeded him in performing the responsibilities of the secretary of state when Dardenne was sworn in as lieutenant governor.[4]
Dardenne polled 719,243 votes (57 percent) to Fayard's 540,633 (43 percent). Dardenne won most of the sixty-four parishes but lost Orleans, Caddo, and St. Landry.[5]
Personal information
Dardenne is the son of the late John L. Dardenne, Sr., and the former Janet Abramson. He is married to the former Catherine "Cathy" McDonald (born 1955), and they have two sons: John Dardenne, III (born 1984), and Matthew M. Dardenne.[6] Dardenne is Jewish[7] and the first known Jewish state constitutional officer in Louisiana since U.S. Senators Judah P. Benjamin and Benjamin F. Jonas in the 19th century.[8] Buddy Caldwell, Louisiana's current attorney general, is also Jewish.[9] and was first elected to that statewide position in 2007,[10] a year after Dardenne was elected to fill an unexpired term for Secretary of State. Dardenne is a graduate of Baton Rouge High School and Louisiana State University, from which he obtained a Bachelor of Arts in journalism. He procured a degree too from the Louisiana State University Law Center. He was elected student body president while at LSU.[6]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/2012-01-19_Jay_Dardenne_speaking_to_Hammond_Chamber.jpg/400px-2012-01-19_Jay_Dardenne_speaking_to_Hammond_Chamber.jpg)
Dardenne is active in social and civic endeavors in his native Baton Rouge and through non-profit organizations throughout Louisiana. He volunteers with the Muscular Dystrophy Association, the annual Labor Day Telethon, the Cerebral Palsy Foundation, and the River City Festivals Association. He serves as chairman of the U.S. National Senior Sports Classic (the Senior Olympics) and has served as president of ten non-profit organizations in the greater Baton Rouge Community.[6]
Dardenne has won "Dishonorable Mentions" for his entries in the 2008 Bulwer-Lytton Fiction Contest, a competition where contestants submit bad opening lines to imaginary novels.[11] Dardenne also won the Most Vile Pun award in the contest.[12]
State senator
In 1987, Dardenne narrowly lost his first race for the District 15 state Senate seat to the Democrat Larry S. Bankston (born 1951), one of three sons of former Democratic state party chairman and centenarian Jesse Bankston.[13] Dardenne then won an election for a seat on the East Baton Rouge Metropolitan Council and held that seat until 1992.[14]
In 1991, Dardenne ran the District 16 seat in the state Senate vacated by the retiring Democrat-turned-Republican Kenneth E. Osterberger. In the primary, Dardenne trailed fellow Republican Lynda Imes, the District 8 member of the East Baton Rouge Metro Council. However, in the general election, Dardenne defeated Imes.[15] Dardenne quickly gained a reputation as a champion of reform and a thorn in the side of Democratic Governor Edwin Washington Edwards. However, few of his reform proposals were enacted.[16]
Following the election of Republican Murphy J. "Mike" Foster, Jr., as governor in 1995, Dardenne became the governor's floor leader and began to pass landmark legislation. He continued to push for reforms in the administration of Foster's successor, Democrat Kathleen Babineaux Blanco, but Blanco largely shunned Dardenne.[16]
Among other accomplishments, Dardenne helped pass constitutional amendments on term limits, coastal erosion, and victims' rights. He worked for the creation of a single State Board of Ethics, spearheading reform of the river pilots' system, and reducing government waste as the chairman of the Louisiana Senate Finance Committee.[6]
In 2003, Dardenne was named the "National Republican Legislator of the Year".[6] According to the Louisiana Political Fax Weekly of December 20, 2002, "Jay Dardenne... is widely regarded as one of the most talented lawmakers to ever serve in the Capitol."[17]
Secretary of state candidacy and transition
Dardenne ran in the September 30 special election to complete the term vacated by the death of former Secretary of State W. Fox McKeithen, a fellow Republican who died in the summer of 2005. McKeithen had been temporarily succeeded by his friend, former Democratic State Representative Al Ater of Ferriday in Concordia Parish, at the time an assistant secretary of state under McKeithen, who chose not to run for the post in the special election.[18]
The major candidates in the race were Dardenne, Democratic state Senator Francis Heitmeier of New Orleans and former Republican State Chairman Mike Francis of Lafayette and Crowley.[19] The race was characterized by attacks on Dardenne from Francis (both taking pro-life positions) over predominantly social issues, including a vote that Dardenne cast in the 1990s for language in the federal Hyde Amendment which allows for federally funded abortions in the case of rape or incest. These exceptions have been included since 1977 in response to women's rights advocates, while abortion opponents argue that they punish the unborn for the crimes of the fathers. Dardenne maintained that his vote was required to allow the flow of Medicaid funds into Louisiana.[20]
Despite these attacks, Dardenne was able to project himself as the candidate of reform in the race, and racked up huge numbers of votes in the Baton Rouge area, the suburbs of New Orleans and even into the heavily Democratic city of New Orleans itself. He campaigned in North Louisiana with assistance of Aubrey W. Young, a former state official and grass roots organizer originally from Monroe whose service dated back to the role of aide de camp under Governor John J. McKeithen, the father of Fox McKeithen.[21]
Dardenne received 30 percent of the vote in the primary; Heitmeier, 28 percent, and Francis, 26 percent. Minor candidates took the rest of the vote. A Dardenne v. Heitmeier runoff loomed.[19] Francis chose not to endorse either candidate and stated his intentions to run for the seat in the 2007 regular election.[22] Franics, however, did not seek the position in the primary held on October 20, 2007.[23]
About two weeks into the special election runoff campaign, Heitmeier withdrew. He cited the fact that his New Orleans black voter base had been decimated because of Hurricane Katrina. He said that without help from national Democrats, victory over Dardenne would be impossible. Perhaps, his action was premature in light of the national Democratic sweep in the 2006 midterm elections.[24]
In an aberration, Dardenne, Francis, and two minor Republican candidates together received 54 percent of the vote in the city of New Orleans, the power base for the state Democratic Party. Two months earlier, two Republican candidates for mayor of New Orleans together barely polled 10 percent of the vote.[25]
Secretary of state
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/TeamCPX_in_Fireball_Run_2008.jpg/220px-TeamCPX_in_Fireball_Run_2008.jpg)
Shortly after becoming secretary of state, Dardenne announced that he would personally participate in anti-litter efforts even though such activities are not within the domain of his office. Dardenne told the Press Club of Baton Rouge that he saw too much litter as the traveled the state in his campaign for secretary of state. "The landscape of our state is . . . a window to the world. Anything we can do to call attention to this problem, we will do," Dardenne said.[26]
He also successfully pushed to cancel admission fees to the Louisiana State Exhibit Museum in Shreveport and the Old State Capitol and Old Arsenal Museum in Baton Rouge, saying that the financial loss from museum fees will be absorbed in his departmental budget through other cost reductions and that "people ought to be able to enjoy museums free of charge."[27] Dardenne has promoted tourism through his office and has taken a special interest in the creation of the Delta Music Museum and the companion restoration in 2008 of the Arcade Theatre in Ferriday.
Dardenne has also pushed for election reform. He opposes the establishment of satellite voting areas throughout the state and elsewhere for Hurricane Katrina evacuees. Dardenne proposed that poll commissioner fees be increased, election day hours be shortened, and an early voting period to compensate for the reduced hours on election day.[28]
Dardenne also objected to widespread satellite voting for Katrina evacuees on the basis that it would impose an overwhelming and impossible burden on election workers, stating that "if this bill passes, you are saying to them [election workers], you have to run an additional election for Orleans Parish. The 2006 mayoral race received special consideration because no other elections were held on that day. Dardenne did support the reinstatement of absentee voting provisions from the election.[29]
In December 2007, Dardenne named a former state Senate colleague, Tom Schedler of St. Tammany Parish, a Republican, as his chief deputy.
In 2008, Dardenne was mentioned as a possible United States Senate candidate against incumbent Democrat Mary Landrieu, but the Republican candidate was State Treasurer John N. Kennedy, a Democrat who switched to the GOP before qualifying for reelection in 2007.
Lieutenant governor
On February 12, 2010, Dardenne announced his intention to run for Lieutenant Governor[30] in the special election held on October 2. Leading a multi-candidate field with 28 percent of the ballots cast, Dardenne advanced to face Democrat Caroline Fayard, a previously political unknown who enjoyed the backing of former U.S. President Bill Clinton and trailed with 24 percent of the vote. The two were to meet in the November 2 general election. Three other Republican candidates were eliminated in the primary—Country singer Sammy Kershaw (19 percent), St. Tammany Parish President Kevin Davis (8 percent), and Louisiana Republican Party state chairman Roger F. Villere, Jr. (4 percent) —along with Democrat Butch Gautreaux (4 percent), then a Louisiana state senator.[31] Kershaw, Davis, and Villere endorsed fellow Republican Dardenne, as Gautreaux supported fellow Democrat Fayard.[32]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/2012-01-19_LA_Lt_Gov_Jay_Dardenne_w_David_Ramsey.jpg/400px-2012-01-19_LA_Lt_Gov_Jay_Dardenne_w_David_Ramsey.jpg)
Republican chairman Villere's endorsement of Dardenne, which came after months of criticizing the frontrunner, was met with incredulous statements like those of political scientist Pearson Cross of the University of Louisiana at Lafayette:
- Maybe he thinks that you can at the end of the day say, "Well, we just need to all come together." It just seems odd.[33]
Dardenne and Fayard appeared on the October 15 episode of the news magazine Louisiana: The State We're In televised by Louisiana Public Broadcasting and in an October 22 forum sponsored by the Baton Rouge League of Women Voters.[34]
On October 4, Southeastern Louisiana University political scientist Michael Kurt Corbello summarized the runoff election between veteran officeholder Dardenne and political newcomer Fayard as "a very interesting, competitive race."[35]
Political columnist John Maginnis joked that
- Dardenne, rather, needs to raise the stakes of this election, emphasizing experience and readiness. Otherwise, should this become a beauty contest, he's got problems.[36]
The runoff campaign soon turned controversial as Dardenne described Fayard as a supporter of U.S. President Barack H. Obama, a proponent of gay marriage, and an opponent of the death penalty, while Fayard, who was 32 years of age and had never held political office, countered that Dardenne represented "the same old crowd" of Louisiana politics.[37] For further information about the 2010 election, please see Louisiana state elections, 2010#Lieutenant Governor.
2011 reelection
The 2011 regular election for a four-year term as lieutenant governor was similarly raucous, as Dardenne was challenged by fellow Republican William Harold "Billy" Nungesser, president of Plaquemines Parish and the son of the late former Republican Party state chairman William A. "Billy" Nungesser.[38] In a low-turnout race, Dardenne defeated Nungesser, 504,228 votes (53.1 percent) to 444,750 ballots (46.9 percent). .[39]
In 2012, Dardenne complained of the lack of funds needed for tourism advertising, a main prerogative of the lieutenant governor's office in Louisiana. On June 15, 2012, Governor Jindal used his line item veto to strip $2 million for tourism advertising from Dardenne's office budget. Jindal also took aim at more than $500,000 from the departmental operating funds of Louisiana State Treasurer John N. Kennedy.[40]
Election history
- Louisiana State Senate, District 15, 1987
Threshold > 50%
First Ballot, October 24, 1987
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Larry S. Bankston | Democrat | 15,401 (46%) | Runoff |
John L. "Jay" Dardenne, Jr. | Republican | 10,313 (31%) | Runoff |
Johnny H. Dykes | Democratic | 3,790 (11%) | Defeated |
"Chuck" Hall | Republican | 2,046 (6%) | Defeated |
Others | n.a. | 2,063 (6%) | Defeated |
Second Ballot, November 8, 1987
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Larry S. Bankston | Democratic | 12,619 (51%) | Elected |
John L. "Jay" Dardenne, Jr. | Republican | 12,332 (49%) | Defeated |
- East Baton Rouge Metropolitan Council, District 12, 1988
Threshold > 50%
First Ballot, October 1, 1988
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
John L. "Jay" Dardenne, Jr. | Republican | 5,596 (62%) | Winner |
Craig S. Watson | Democratic | 2,175 (24%) | Defeated |
"Pam" Atiyeh | Republican | 1,005 (11%) | Defeated |
Mike Kolakowski | Democratic | 285 (3%) | Defeated |
- Louisiana State Senate, District 16, 1991
Threshold > 50%
First Ballot, October 19, 1991
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Lynda Imes | Republican | 21,679 (48%) | Runoff |
John L. "Jay" Dardenne, Jr. | Republican | 18,642 (42%) | Runoff |
Francis Pellegrin | Republican | 2,098 (5%) | Defeated |
Others | n.a. | 2,391 (5%) | Defeated |
Second Ballot, November 16, 1991
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
John L. "Jay" Dardenne, Jr. | Republican | 26,120 (52%) | Elected |
Lynda Imes | Republican | 23,934 (48%) | Defeated |
- Louisiana State Senate, District 16, 1995
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
John L. "Jay" Dardenne, Jr. | Republican | – | Unopposed |
- Louisiana State Senate, District 16, 1999
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
John L. "Jay" Dardenne, Jr. | Republican | – | Unopposed |
- Louisiana State Senate, District 16, 2003
Threshold > 50%
First Ballot, October 4, 2003
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Jay Dardenne | Republican | 34,679 (78%) | Elected |
Chris Warner | Republican | 9,758 (22%) | Defeated |
- Secretary of State of Louisiana, 2006
Threshold > 50%
First Ballot, September 30, 2006
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
"Jay" Dardenne | Republican | 191,562 (30%) | Runoff |
Francis C. Heitmeier | Democratic | 179,153 (28%) | Runoff |
"Mike" Francis | Republican | 168,185 (26%) | Defeated |
Mary Chehardy | Republican | 56,225 (9%) | Defeated |
Others | n.a. | 48,802 (13%) | Defeated |
Second Ballot, November 7, 2006
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
"Jay" Dardenne | Republican | – | Elected |
Francis C. Heitmeier | Democratic | – | Withdrawn |
- Secretary of State of Louisiana, 2007
Threshold > 50%
First Ballot, October 20, 2007
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
"Jay" Dardenne | Republican | 757,821 (63%) | Elected |
"R." Rick Wooley | Democratic | 374,199 (31%) | Defeated |
Scott Lewis | Independent | 64,723 (5%) | Defeated |
- Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana, 2010
Threshold > 50%
First Ballot, October 2, 2010
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
"Jay" Dardenne | Republican | 180,944 (28%) | Runoff |
Caroline Fayard | Democratic | 159,507 (24%) | Runoff |
"Sammy" Kershaw | Republican | 126,166 (19%) | Defeated |
Kevin Davis | Republican | 51,542 (8%) | Defeated |
James "Jim" Crowley | Democrat | 51,461 (8%) | Defeated |
Others | n.a. | 85,496 (13%) | Defeated |
Second Ballot, November 7, 2010
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
"Jay" Dardenne | Republican | 719,271 (57%) | Elected |
Caroline Fayard | Democratic | 540,649 (43%) | Defeated |
- Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana, 2010
Threshold > 50%
First Ballot, October 22, 2011
Candidate | Affiliation | Support | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|
John L. "Jay" Dardenne, Jr. | Republican | 504,228 (53%) | Elected |
Billy Nungesser | Republican | 444,750 (47%) | Defeated |
All election results taken from the Louisiana Secretary of State website.[41]
References
- ^ With equal stress on both syllables as in French—IPA /dar·dən/.
- ^ GCR & Associates site (accessed 2010-10-18).
- ^ "Jay Dardenne elected to lieutenant governor". Times-Picayune. November 3, 2010.
- ^ Anderson, Ed (November 3, 2010). "Dardenne tops Fayard in lieutenant governor race: He rolls up big victory after intense campaign". Times-Picayune. No. Metro Edition. p. A14. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ^ "Louisiana general election returns, November 2, 2010". November 4, 2010.
- ^ a b c d e Campaign Website
- ^ Louisiana Jewish Heritage, Secretary of State website, http://www.sec.state.la.us/archives/jewish/JHWEILL.HTM
- ^ Jewish Virtual Library, http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/jonas.html. Earlier, prior to the American Civil War, Louisiana was represented in the U.S. Senate by Judah P. Benjamin, who became a cabinet officer in the Confederate government and, after the war, fled to England.
- ^ "Candidate bio: James "Buddy" Caldwell". Shreveport Times. October 3, 2007. Retrieved October 7, 2011.
- ^ "Candidate bio: Jay Dardenne". October 20, 2012. Retrieved October 20, 2012.
- ^ http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/scott.rice/blfc2008.htm
- ^ http://www.225batonrouge.com/news/2006/dec/28/secretary-state-jay-dardenne/
- ^ November 8, 1987 Election Results, Secretary of State website, http://www.sos.louisiana.gov:8090/cgibin/?rqstyp=elcms3&rqsdta=112187
- ^ October 1, 1988 Election Result, Secretary of State website, http://www.sos.louisiana.gov:8090/cgibin/?rqstyp=elcpr&rqsdta=10018817
- ^ November 16, 1991 Election Results, Secretary of State website, http://www.sos.louisiana.gov:8090/cgibin/?rqstyp=elcms3&rqsdta=111691
- ^ a b Shuler, Marsha. "Jay Dardenne: Served as outsider, insider". Advocate. Baton Rouge.
- ^ Louisiana Political Fax Weekly, December 20, 2002
- ^ "Mike Francis for Secretary of State". Ouachita Citizen. September 19, 2006. Retrieved October 10, 2010.
- ^ a b September 30, 2006 Election Results, Secretary of State website
- ^ The Dead Pelican News Alert, http://www.thedeadpelican.com/DARDENNE4.HTM
- ^ "Johnny Gunter, "Young legacy to go beyond politics", April 10, 2010". Monroe News Star. Retrieved April 13, 2010. [dead link]
- ^ KATC-TV, Mike Francis won't back Jay Dardenne's runoff effort, http://www.katc.com/Global/story.asp?S=5488654&nav=EyB0
- ^ francis jones john kennedy x1 at francis06.com
- ^ Louisiana Political Report, Heitmeier Surrenders Secretary of State, http://www.newshorn.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1370&Itemid=121
- ^ April 22, 2006 Election Results, Secretary of State website, http://www.sos.louisiana.gov:8090/cgibin/?rqstyp=elcpr&rqsdta=04220636
- ^ "Politics Notebook for Feb. 11". Advocate. Baton rouge.
- ^ Alexandria Daily Town Talk, Free admission offered at three major state museums, http://www.thetowntalk.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=200770205036
- ^ New Orleans Times-Picayune, State needs more than 5,000 poll commissioners, by Ed Anderson, http://www.jaydardenne.com/node/102
- ^ KATC-TV, Dardenne objects, but La. House panel OKs more satellite voting, http://katc.com/Global/story.asp?S=6461630
- ^ File photo. "Jay Dardenne announces candidacy for lieutenant governor". NOLA.com. Retrieved September 4, 2010.
- ^ "Unofficial election results for Louisiana lieutenant governor, October 2, 2010". staticresults.sos.louisiana.gov. Retrieved October 4, 2010. [dead link]
- ^ Anderson, Ed (October 8, 2010). "Dardenne, Fayard garner ex-rivals' endorsements: Two left in race for lieutenant governor". Times-Picayune. No. Saint Tammany Edition. p. A3. Retrieved October 8, 2010.. Anderson, Ed (October 9, 2010). "Davis endorses his GOP ex-rival: Dardenne vying for lieutenant governor". Times-Picayune. No. Saint Tammany Edition. p. A4. Retrieved October 9, 2010. Results of the primary election—in the cases of Kershaw, Gautreaux, and Davis—were localized. Kershaw's appeal was in his home base of Acadiana and in rural areas where Country music is popular. Gautreaux's vote was largely in a radius around Morgan City. Davis won a strong plurality, 47 percent, in his home parish of Saint Tammany. Northshore Conifer. pp. 1, 22 (not online as of 2010-10-13). Kershaw's rural appeal was evident in that he carried 31 of the 64 parishes, more than any other candidate. Tidmore, Christopher (October 11, 2010). "Louisiana Lt. Governor's Race: Dardenne Vs. Fayard Is Gender, Party, Region Showdown". BayouBuzz News. Retrieved October 17, 2010.
- ^ Deslatte, Melinda (October 11, 2010). "Analysis: GOP leader creates division as candidate". Daily Comet. Lafourche Parish, Louisiana. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
- ^ "Forums to feature race between Dardenne, Fayard". Times-Picayune. No. Metro Edition. October 10, 2010. p. A6. Retrieved October 10, 2010. The Louisiana Public Broadcasting forum, actually videotaped on October 8, was announced by Bob Neese; the League of Women Voters spokeswoman was Jean Armstrong.
- ^ Anderson, Ed (October 4, 2010). "Lieutenant governor race is down to two: Jay Dardenne and Caroline Fayard". Times-Picayune. No. Saint Tammany Edition. p. A2. Retrieved October 4, 2010.
- ^ Maginnis, John (October 13, 2010). "A historic race for lieutenant governor". Times-Picayune. No. Saint Tammany Edition. p. B7. Retrieved October 13, 2010.
- ^ Anderson, Ed; Moller, Jan (October 20, 2010). "Dueling ads air in lieutenant governor race". Times-Picayune. No. Saint Tammany Edition. p. A3. Retrieved October 20, 2010. Cf. Anderson, Ed (October 18, 2010). "Race for state's No. 2 office heats up: Dardenne, Fayard start trading barbs". Times-Picayune. No. Metro Edition. pp. A1, A4. Stephanie Grace offered an explanation for Dardenne's emphasis on national political themes as an accommodation to "Tea Party forces" in the backdrop of their having worked to defeat Hunt Downer, a veteran officeholder upset by a newcomer, Jeff Landry, in Louisiana's 3rd congressional district 2010 Republican primary. Grace, Stephanie (October 19, 2010). "Partisan divide comes late to Louisiana". Times-Picayune. No. Saint Tammany Edition. p. B5. Retrieved October 19, 2010.
- ^ Anderson, Ed (October 1, 2011). "Dardenne-Nungesser slugfest is second to none on ballot: Duel makes race for governor look tame". Times-Picayune. No. Saint Tammany Edition. pp. A1, A4. Retrieved October 1, 2011.
- ^ "Louisiana primary election returns, October 22, 2011". staticresults.sos.la.gov. Retrieved October 22, 2011.
- ^ "Michelle Milhollin, "Jindal slashes funding for state treasurer: Jindal's 'streamlining' efforts trim critics' funding"". Baton Rouge Morning Advocate. Retrieved June 16, 2012.
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(help) - ^ Secretary of State website, http://electionresults.sos.louisiana.gov/weborb30/SOSElection/SOSElection.html
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