Islamic extremism
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Islamic extremism refers to two related and partially overlapping but also distinct aspects of extremist interpretations and pursuits of Islamic ideology:
- an extremely conservative view of Islam,[1] which doesn't necessarily entail violence even though it may have an emphasis on Jihad;[2] see Islamic fundamentalism, and
- the use of extreme tactics such as bombing and assassinations for achieving perceived Islamic goals;[3] see Jihadism.
In Islam word for Islamic Extremist is Khawarij. From their essentially political position, the Kharijites developed extreme doctrines that further set them apart from both mainstream Sunni and Shiʿa Muslims. The Kharijites were particularly noted for adopting a radical approach to Takfir, whereby they declared other Muslims to be unbelievers and therefore deemed them worthy of death[citation needed]. The Kharijites were also known historically as the Shurah ([undefined] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: no text (help)),[A] literally meaning "the buyers" and understood within the context of Islamic scripture and philosophy to mean "those who have traded the mortal life (al-Dunya) for the other life [with God] (al-Aakhirah)", which, unlike the term Kharijite, was one that many Kharijites used to describe themselves.
Islamism
Zeyno Baran, Senior Fellow and Director of the Center for Eurasian Policy at the Hudson Institute, argues Islamist extremism and Islamism are better terms, to distinguish the political ideology from the religion.[4]
See also
- Khawarij
- Islamism
- Islamic terrorism
- Islamic extremist groups
- Islamic extremism in Northern Nigeria
- Islamic extremism in the United States
- 20th-century radical Islam in Egypt#Islamic extremism in the media
References
- ^ Brian R. Farmer (2007). Understanding radical Islam: medieval ideology in the twenty-first century. Peter Lang. p. 36. ISBN 978-0-8204-8843-1.
- ^ Jason F. Isaacson; Colin Lewis Rubenstein (2002). Islam in Asia: changing political realities. Transaction Publishers. p. 191. ISBN 978-0-7658-0769-4.
- ^ Ira Marvin Lapidus (2002). A history of Islamic societies. Cambridge University Press. p. 823. ISBN 978-0-521-77933-3.
- ^ Baran, Zeyno (10 July 2008). "The Roots of Violent Islamist Extremism and Efforts to Counter It" (PDF). Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
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