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Jabel Mukaber

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Template:Infobox Palestinian Authority muni

Dwellings in Jabel Mukaber.
Houses located in the lower part of Jabel Mukaber.
Jabel Mukaber is in the middle of the map.

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Jabel Mukaber (Arabic: جبل مكبر) (Hebrew: ג'בל מוכאבר) is a predominantly Arab neighborhood in southern East Jerusalem. It is bordered by East Talpiot[1] to the west, Abu Tor and Silwan to the north and Sur Baher to the south. Jabel Mukaber has a population of 14,000.[1]

History

According to local legend, Jabel Mukaber is named after Umar ibn al-Khattab, a disciple of Muhammad and the second caliph of the Islamic Caliphate, who cried Allahu Akbar at this site. During the Mandatory Palestine, the offices of the British High Commissioner, the representative of British imperial rule in Palestine were located in Jabel Mukaber.[2] During the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood battled Jewish forces in the neighborhood.[3] Jabel Mukaber and other Arab neighborhoods in East Jerusalem were captured and annexed by Jordan. Since the 1967 Six-Day War, Jabel Mukaber has been under the jurisdiction of the Jerusalem Municipality.[4]

Demography

Many residents of Jabel Mukaber rejected Israeli citizenship to demonstrate their solidarity with Palestinians in the West Bank,[4] but they are considered permanent residents. As holders of blue identity cards, they have wide freedom of movement within Israel, and have access to health care, unemployment and other benefits.[4][5]

The construction of the Israeli West Bank barrier has divided Jabel Mukaber in half and left some neighborhood residents on the West Bank side of the wall, meaning that they hold orange IDs instead of blue IDs, and cannot cross into Israel itself.[6] Running through the centre of the neighbourhood, the barrier often separates members of the same family from one another, interrupting normal family life.[6] Jabel Mukaber is under-budgeted for municipal services, leading to sewage blockages in parts of the neighborhood and a shortage of classrooms.[7]

Arab-Israeli conflict

East Talpiot was established in 1970 in close proximity to Jabel Mukaber during the upswing of building that followed the Six-Day War.[5] When the Intifada (uprising) began, the mood changed. Since then, Jabel Mukaber has been the scene of numerous demonstrations, protests and riots in support of the Palestinian cause.[8][9][10]

A number of Jabel Mukaber residents have been involved in acts of anti-Israel violence, including transporting the suicide bomber in the Patt Junction Bus Bombing, opening fire on Israeli policemen,[11] and attempting to blow up gas lines in Jewish neighborhoods.[12]

The attackers in the 2008 Mercaz HaRav massacre,[13] the 2008 Jerusalem BMW attack,[14] the 2014 Jerusalem tractor attack,[15] and the 2014 Jerusalem synagogue attack[16] came from Jabel Mukaber. In the synagogue attack, two Palestinians, cousins Uday Warsan and Rasa'an Abu-el Jamal from Jabel Mukaber, attacked a synagogue in the neighborhood of Har Nof, killing four worshipers and a police officer and injuring several others, including police who responded to the gunfire.[17][18]

Following the 2008 Mercaz HaRav massacre in which eight Jewish high school students were killed, the residents of Jabel Mukaber erected a mourners' tent for the murderer.[19] Israeli protesters tried to break through police barricades outside Jabel Mukaber, resulting in the arrest of 13 protesters.[10]

Landmarks

A Tolerance Monument sculpted by Czesław Dźwigaj in collaboration with Michal Kubiak is situated on a hill marking the divide between Jewish East Talpiot and Arab Jabel Mukaber, standing opposite the United Nations headquarters in Jerusalem in a park near Goldman Promenade. Unveiled in Jerusalem in 2008, it was funded by Polish businessman Aleksander Gudzowaty as a symbol to promote peace in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.[20]

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jabel Mukaber.
  1. ^ a b Segev, Tom (1 September 2005). "A good friend jumps the fence - Haaretz.co.il". Haaretz Daily Newspaper Ltd. Retrieved 2011-07-17.
  2. ^ A.B.H. Kargbo. History & Holy Places. Bait Mal al-Quds al-Sharif. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  3. ^ ʻUwaysī, ʻAbd al-Fattāḥ Muḥammad. (1998). The Muslim Brothers and the Palestine Question 1928-1947 I.B.Tauris, p.209. ISBN 1-86064-214-4.
  4. ^ a b c Eric Westervelt (July 10, 2008). "Israelis Propose Laws To Punish Terrorists' Families". National Public Radio (NPR).
  5. ^ a b Gorenberg, Gershom (October 2, 2007). "A Note to Hillary on Jerusalem Disunited - prospect.org". The American Prospect. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
  6. ^ a b Ghiath Nasser (17 January 2008). "Like the Berlin Wall..." Common Ground News Service. Retrieved 2008-09-09.
  7. ^ Sela, Neta (2006-05-23). "The Jerusalemites Israel doesn't like - ynet". ynetnews.com. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
  8. ^ Shragai, Nadav. "Riots in Jabal Mukaber / Shin Bet worries about usuals who weren't there - haaretz". haaretz. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
  9. ^ Zino, Aviram (16 March 2008). "Rightists hurl stones at Arab homes in Jerusalem - ynet". ynetnews.com. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
  10. ^ a b "Israelis try to destroy attacker's house - USAtoday". Usa today. 2008-03-16. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
  11. ^ Diaz, Shlomi (2006-07-27). "שוטר ומאבטחים נפצעו בפיגוע במזרח ירושלים - nfc.co.il" (in Hebrew). nfc.co.il. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
  12. ^ Frosher, Efrat (March 12, 2014). "Hamas man arrested for attempted terror attacks in Jerusalem". Israel Hayom. Retrieved 7 September 2014.
  13. ^ "Countdown To Murder - From Jabel Mukaber To Jerusalem Via Gaza". infolive.tv. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
  14. ^ Palestinian Car Rams Israelis, ISABEL KERSHNER, September 22, 2008, New York Times [1]
  15. ^ [2] One Israeli killed, 5 hurt as excavator rams Jerusalem bus, Aug. 5, 2014, AFP.
  16. ^ [3] Israel: 'We will respond with a heavy hand' after synagogue attack kills 4, Nov. 18, 2014, CNN.
  17. ^ http://www.timesofisrael.com/suspected-terror-attack-in-jerusalem-synagogue/
  18. ^ http://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/East-Jerusalem-cousins-suspected-Palestinian-terrorists-in-synagogue-attack-382114
  19. ^ Shahar, Ilan (9 March 2008). "Likud MK to propose ban on public mourning for terrorists". Haaretz Daily Newspaper Ltd. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
  20. ^ KERSHNER, Isabel (2008-10-17). "Symbol of Peace Stands at Divide Between Troubled Jerusalem's East and West". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-10-18.
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