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Duke Paul Wilhelm of Württemberg

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Duke Paul Wilhelm
Duke Paul Wilhelm of Württemberg
Born(1797-06-25)25 June 1797
Bad Carlsruhe, Silesia, Kingdom of Prussia
Died25 November 1860(1860-11-25) (aged 63)
Mergentheim, Kingdom of Württemberg
SpousePrincess Maria Sophia of Thurn and Taxis
IssueDuke Maximilian
Names
German: Friedrich Paul Wilhelm
HouseHouse of Württemberg
FatherDuke Eugen of Württemberg
MotherPrincess Luise of Stolberg-Gedern

Duke Friedrich Paul Wilhelm of Württemberg (German: Friedrich Paul Wilhelm, Herzog von Württemberg; 25 June 1797, Bad Carlsruhe, Silesia, Kingdom of Prussia – 25 November 1860, Mergentheim, Kingdom of Württemberg) was a member of the House of Württemberg and a Duke of Württemberg. Paul Wilhelm was a German naturalist and explorer, who in the early 19th century, undertook several expeditions in North America, North Africa, and Australia. In 1829, he discovered the sources of the Missouri River.

Family

Paul Wilhelm was the fifth and youngest child of Duke Eugen of Württemberg and his wife Princess Luise of Stolberg-Gedern. Through his father, Paul Wilhelm was a grandson of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and his wife Friederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt. He was a nephew of Frederick of Württemberg, the first King of Württemberg.

Expeditions

Between the years 1822 to 1824, Paul Wilhelm's undertook his first major research trip to Cuba and North America. He kept a diary in which he described the places he visited in great scientific and ethnological detail. An artist produced numerous images of the landscapes, plants, and animals.

Paul Wilhelm devoted himself particularly to the study North and South America. He spent time exploring the Western United States and met the son of Sacagawea, Jean Baptiste Charbonneau. After his initial meeting with Jean Baptiste Charbonneau in 1823 at the Kansas River, likely arranged by William Clark, Paul Wilhelm left camp and headed north with Great Plains veteran Toussaint Charbonneau, Jean Baptiste's father and Sacagawea's husband, hired as an interpreter. The Duke’s party spent five months in the upper Missouri country visiting trading forts, Indian tribes, and collecting scientific data. Paul Wilhelm is traditionally included as one of the first explorers of the headwaters of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers.

As late as the 1850s, he visited Baron Ottmar von Behr, a German farmer and sheep breeder, meteorologist, and scientist living in Sisterdale, Texas. When he visited New Braunfels on an 1855 visit, artist Carl G. von Iwonski made him a gift of six pencil sketches of the artist's Texas work.

Marriage and later life

Paul Wilhelm married Princess Maria Sophia of Thurn and Taxis, fifth child and fourth daughter of Karl Alexander, 5th Prince of Thurn and Taxis and his wife Duchess Therese of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, on 17 April 1827 in Regensburg. Paul Wilhelm and Maria Sophia Dorothea had one son:

He and Maria Sophia Dorothea divorced as early as 2 May 1835. After his marriage ended, Paul Wilhelm resided at Schloss Mergentheim in Mergentheim, where he kept his extensive ethnological collection acquired during his travels. In Bad Carlsruhe, Silesia, he built the palace, Palais "Paulusburg," but it was not completed until the year of his death.

Literary works

  • Paul von Württemberg: Early Sacramento: glimpses of John Augustus Sutter, the Hok farm, and neighboring Indian tribes, Sacramento: Sacramento Book Collectors Club, 1973 OCLC 3187671 ASIN B000GR0CVO
  • Paul von Württemberg: Paul Wilhelm, Duke of Württemberg Travels in North America 1822 -1824, Transl. by W. Robert Nitzke. Ed. by Savoie Lottinville Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, 1973 (reprint). The American Exploration and Travel Ser. Vol. 63. ASIN B0006C3UE0

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles and styles

  • 25 June 1797 – 25 November 1860: His Royal Highness Duke Paul Wilhelm of Württemberg

Ancestry

Family of Duke Paul Wilhelm of Württemberg
16. Frederick Charles, Duke of Württemberg-Winnental
8. Karl Alexander, Duke of Württemberg
17. Eleonore Juliane of Brandenburg-Ansbach
4. Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg
18. Anselm Franz, 2nd Prince of Thurn and Taxis
9. Princess Maria Augusta of Thurn and Taxis
19. Princess Maria Ludovika Anna Franziska of Lobkowicz
2. Duke Eugen of Württemberg
20. Philip William, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt
10. Margrave Frederick William of Brandenburg-Schwedt
21. Princess Johanna Charlotte of Anhalt-Dessau
5. Friederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt
22. Frederick William I of Prussia
11. Princess Sophia Dorothea of Prussia
23. Sophia Dorothea of Hanover
1. Duke Paul Wilhelm of Württemberg
24. Ludwig Christian, Count of Stolberg-Gedern
12. Prince Friedrich Karl of Stolberg-Gedern
25. Duchess Christine of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
6. Prince Christian Karl of Stolberg-Gedern
26. Louis Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken
13. Princess Luise of Nassau-Saarbrücken
27. Princess Philippa Henriette of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
3. Princess Luise of Stolberg-Gedern
28. Count Heinrich XV Reuss of Lobenstein
14. Count Heinrich II Reuss of Lobenstein
29. Countess Ernestine Eleonore of Schönburg-Waldenburg
7. Countess Eleanore Reuss of Lobenstein
30. Count Konrad Ernst of Hochberg, Baron of Fürstenstein
15. Countess Juliana Dorothea Charlotte of Hochberg, Baroness of Fürstenstein
31. Baroness Agnes Helene of Flemming

References

  • Siegfried Augustin (Hg.): Herzog Paul Wilhelm von Württemberg, Reise nach dem nördlichen Amerika in den Jahren 1822 bis 1824. München 1978.
  • Kazimierz Bobowski: Paul Herzog von Württemberg. In: Das Haus Württemberg - Ein biographisches Lexikon. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-17-013605-4
  • Monika Firla/Hermann Forkl: Herzog Paul Wilhelm von Württemberg (1797 - 1860) und Afrika (Sudan, Äthiopien, Kanuri und Afroamerika). In: Tribus, N.F. 47/1998. S. 57-95.
  • Kilian Klann: Die Sammlung indianischer Ethnographica aus Nordamerika des Herzog Friedrich Paul Wilhelm von Württemberg. Wyk auf Föhr 1999.
  • Monika Firla: Herzog Paul Wilhelm von Württemberg. Naturforscher, Ethnograph, Reisender, Sammler und Museumsgründer. In: Gerhard Thaddey/Joachim Fischer (Hg.): Lebensbilder aus Baden-Württemberg. Band 20. Stuttgart 2001. S. 226-257.

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