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List of presidents of Somalia

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This is a list of Presidents of Somalia. since the establishment of that office in 1960, There have been 8 official presidents. The President is the head of state of Somalia and the Supreme Commander of the Somali Armed Forces. The current President is Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, elected in 2012.

Background

The first President of Somalia was Aden Abdullah Osman Daar, one of the leaders of the Somali Youth League (SYL), who took office on 1 July 1960, the day on which Somalia was declared a republic. Since then the office has been held by seven further people: Abdirashid Ali Shermarke, Mohamed Siyad Barre, Ali Mahdi, Abdiqasim Salad, Abdullahi Yusuf, Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, and Hassan Sheikh Mohamud. In addition, Sheikh Mukhtar acted as President between Sharmarke's assassination and the coup d'état, and Aden Madobe acted as President after Yusuf's resignation in the 2008.

Sharif Sheikh Ahmed took office on 31 January 2009, after being elected by the presidential election held on January 2009. Ahmed's term as President of Somalia officially ended In August 2012, concurrent with the conclusion of the Transitional Federal Government's mandate and the start of the Federal Government of Somalia. He was succeeded in office by General Muse Hassan, who had been serving in an interim capacity.[1]

Current President Mohamud took office on 16 September 2012, after being elected by the presidential election held on 10 September 2012.[2]

List

Name Portrait Birth–Death Elected Took office Left office Political party
• Republic of Somalia (1960–1969) •
style="background:Template:Somali Youth League/meta/color; color:white;"|1 Aden Abdulle Osman 1908–2007 1960 1 July 1960 10 June 1967 Somali Youth League
style="background:Template:Somali Youth League/meta/color; color:white;"|2 Abdirashid Ali Shermarke File:Abdirashid Ali Shermarke1.jpg 1919–1969 1967 10 June 1967 15 October 1969
(Assassinated) 		Somali Youth League
style="background:Template:Somali Youth League/meta/color; color:white;"| — Sheikh Mukhtar
Acting President 		1912–2012 — 15 October 1969 21 October 1969
(Deposed) 		Somali Youth League
• Democratic Republic of Somalia (1969–1991) •
style="background:Template:Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party/meta/color; color:white;"|3 Mohamed Siad Barre [3] 1919–1995 — 21 October 1969 26 January 1991
(Deposed) 		Military /
Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party
Somali Civil War (1991)
style="background:Template:United Somali Congress/meta/color; color:white;"|4 Ali Mahdi Muhammad
(1939–)[4] 		1939– 1991 27 January 1991 3 January 1997 United Somali Congress
Vacant (3 January 1997–27 August 2000)[5]
Transitional National Government (2000)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black"|5 Abdiqasim Salad Hassan File:Cqaasim.jpg 1941– 2000 27 August 2000 14 October 2004 Independent
• Transitional Government of Somalia (2004-2012)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black"|6 Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed 1934–2012 2004 14 October 2004 29 December 2008
(Resigned) 		Independent
— Adan Madobe
Acting President 		1957– — 29 December 2008 31 January 2009 Rahanweyn Resistance Army
7 Sharif Sheikh Ahmed 1964– 2009 31 January 2009 20 August 2012 Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia
• Federal Republic of Somalia (2012–present) •
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black"|— Muse Hassan
Acting President [6] 		1939– — 20 August 2012 28 August 2012 Independent
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black"|— Mohamed Osman Jawari
Acting President 		1945– — 28 August 2012 16 September 2012 Independent
style="background:Template:Peace and Development Party/meta/color; color:white;"|8 Hassan Sheikh Mohamud 1955– 2012 16 September 2012 Incumbent (mandate expires 30 October 2016)[7] Peace and Development Party

Footnotes

  1. ^ "Office of the Somali Parliament". Office of the Somali Parliament. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
  2. ^ "Somalia Federal Parliament elects Hassan Sheikh Mohamud as President". Garowe Online. 10 September 2012. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  3. ^ Also styled as President of Supreme Revolutionary Council
  4. ^ From November 1991 to 1995, Ali Mahdi Muhammad enjoyed recognition as President in the international community following the 1991 Djibouti conference: "at the second Djibouti conference (Aideed boycotted the first) held between 15 and 21 July 1991, Ali Mahdi was elected interim President of Somalia for a period of two years[...] Because of the legitimacy conferred on Ali Mahdi by the Djibouti conference, his government was recognized by several countries, including Djibouti, Egypt, Italy, and Saudi Arabia"; c.f. [1].
  5. ^ In the second half of the 1990s, different faction leaders vied for the Presidency, with none receiving international recognition. General Mohamed Farrah Aidid claimed to be President from 15 June 1995 to his death on 1 August 1996, followed by his son Hussein Farrah Aidid from 2 August 1996 to 20 March 1998.
  6. ^ From 20 August 2012 to 28 August 2012, Muse Hassan Abdulle served as acting Speaker of the Parliament, and as such, as acting President while elections for a new Speaker and President were forthcoming. Per Article 95 of the provisional constitution: "If the Office of the President of the Federal Republic of Somalia falls vacant, the Speaker of the House of the People of the Federal Parliament shall act as President of the Federal Republic until such time as a new President of the Federal Republic is elected, within a maximum of thirty (30) days."; also c.f. Rulers.org – August 2012, [2].
  7. ^ Somali Presidential election date set

See also

References

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