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75th Avenue station

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 75th Avenue
 "E" train​"F" train"F" express train
New York City Subway station (rapid transit)
White and green tile mosaic spelling out the station name
The mosaics at 75th Avenue station
Station statistics
Address75th Avenue & Queens Boulevard
Queens, NY 11375
BoroughQueens
LocaleForest Hills
DivisionB (IND)[1]
LineIND Queens Boulevard Line
Services   E nights after 9:00 p.m., weekends, and limited a.m. rush hour trips (nights after 9:00 p.m., weekends, and limited a.m. rush hour trips)
​   F all times (all times) <F> two rush hour trains, peak direction (two rush hour trains, peak direction)
TransitBus transport MTA Bus: Q60, QM11, QM18
StructureUnderground
Platforms2 side platforms
Tracks4
Other information
OpenedDecember 31, 1936; 87 years ago (1936-12-31)
Opposite-
direction
transfer		No
Former/other names75th Avenue–Puritan Avenue
Traffic
2023683,707[2] Increase 12.9%
Rank352 out of 423[2]
Station succession
Next northTemplate:NYCS next
Next southTemplate:NYCS next
Station service legend
Symbol Description
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops weekends during the day Stops weekends during the day

75th Avenue (originally 75th Avenue–Puritan Avenue) is a local station on the IND Queens Boulevard Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of 75th Avenue and Queens Boulevard in Forest Hills, Queens, it is served by the F train at all times, and the E train at all times except weekday rush hours and middays.

History

Main article: IND Queens Boulevard Line
style="color:white;background:#Template:NYCS color;Template:Linear-gradient;text-align:center;padding:5px"|
Track layout
Legend
to Union Tpke
to Jamaica Yard
Lower level tracks
below upper level tracks
to 71 Av
Lower level relay tracks
to 71 Av
Lower level
Upper level

The Queens Boulevard Line, one of the first built by the city-owned Independent Subway System (IND),[4] opened on August 19, 1933. The eastern terminus was at Roosevelt Avenue, in Jackson Heights.[5] A 3.5-mile (5.6 km) extension from Roosevelt Avenue to Kew Gardens opened on December 31, 1936.[6] The extension added eight new stations, including one at 75th Avenue.[7]

Early planning documents called for a station at "Queens Boulevard–Puritan Avenue";[8] Puritan Avenue was the name for 75th Road in Forest Hills Gardens.[9] For the first few years of operation the station was referred to as Puritan Avenue.[10] The design called for a small mezzanine but 75th Avenue was built with a full one as it was cheaper than filling in the excavation.[11]

The construction of the extension to Kew Gardens brought significant growth to Queens, specifically in Forest Hills and Kew Gardens.[12] With the subway providing a quick and cheap commute, Forest Hills became a more desirable place to live, and as a result new apartment buildings were built in advance of the line's opening to accommodate the expected influx of residents.[13]: 74 [14]: 71  Forest Hills was transformed from a quiet residential community of one-family houses to an active population center.[15][16]

In 1953, the platforms at six Queens Boulevard Line stations, including 75th Avenue, were lengthened to allow eleven-car trains.[a][18] The bid for the project went out in 1951.[19] The lengthened trains began running during rush hour on September 8, 1953. Eleven-car trains would only operate on weekdays.[20]: 37–38  The extra car increased the total carrying capacity by 4,000 passengers. The lengthening project cost $400,000.[18]

Station layout

Template:NYCS Platform Layout IND Queens Boulevard Line/local/75th Avenue

Staircase descending below street level
Entrance to the 75th Avenue station on the north side of Queens Boulevard

This local station has four tracks and two side platforms.[21] The F train stops here at all times, while the E train uses the two center tracks to bypass this station weekdays (Manhattan-bound from approximately 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., Jamaica-bound from 7:30 a.m. to 7:45 p.m.).[22][23]

The platforms' color scheme consists of a light sage green trim line on a black border with "75TH AVE" tiled in white lettering on a black border beneath them.[24] The name tablets have "75TH AVE." in white IND-custom font on a black background with a lighter green border as above.[25] Beneath them are directional signs in white lettering on a black border.[25] The platform columns are painted in light Nile Green and the track columns have white "75TH AVE" signs on them in black lettering.[26] The former name of Puritan Avenue was still reflected on platform signage into the 1990s.[27]

The station has a full-length mezzanine above the platforms and tracks.[11] All of the mezzanine is still completely open, with the exception of a tiny closed fenced-off section at the station's eastern end that is accessed from a single closed staircase on the Manhattan-bound platform. [28][29] However, it is set up in a way that does not allow a free transfer between directions, as the fare control is located in the middle of the mezzanine.[30] The token booth and turnstile banks for either direction are at the center.[30][31] HEET turnstiles are at either ends near the station's entrances and exits, both of which have two street stairs.[32][33] The entrance at the west (railroad south) end leads to the northwest corner[34] and southwest corners of Queens Boulevard and 75th Avenue,[35] while the one on the east (railroad north) end leads to southeast corner of Queens Boulevard and 75th Road.[36] Chain-link fences separate the sections of the mezzanine within fare control and the section out of fare control.[37] The section of the mezzanine within fare control used to span across the entire space, but a fare-free underpass under Queens Boulevard now divides the northbound and southbound parts of the mezzanine, and there is no way to make a free transfer between the two platforms anymore.[38]

Track layout

There are two switches near the western end of this station, one is a diamond crossover in the Queens-bound direction, and one is a regular switch in the Manhattan-bound direction. The diamond crossover switch allows trains to cross-over between the local and express tracks in the same direction. The other switch allows trains heading toward Manhattan on the local track to switch to the express track.[39] This switch is used in revenue service. E and F trains use it to switch from the Queens Boulevard express tracks to the local tracks, allowing them to stop at 75th Avenue. The F uses these switches at all times, while the E only uses them on weekends and during weekday evenings.[40] The stretch of local track between 71st Avenue and 75th Avenue is only used in revenue service during late nights, when the E runs local.[21][41]

There are also four tracks underneath this station, which are not visible from the platforms. An emergency exit located in the middle of the Jamaica-bound platform leads to this lower level. The two outer tracks lead to Jamaica Yard while the two center tracks are used for reversing trains from Forest Hills–71st Avenue and end at bumper blocks just east of 75th Avenue under the mainline tracks.[39][41]: 50 [42]

Ridership

75th Avenue is served by the F train at all times,[23] and the E train at all times except weekday rush hours and middays (6:00 a.m.–6:00 p.m.).[22] In the 1970s, when the New York City Subway was at an all-time low, following the general trend of a decrease in ridership, the amount of passengers using the 75th Avenue station decreased by 300,000 passengers.[43] In 2015, the station had 1,136,305 boardings, making it the 351st most used station in the 423-station system.[3] This amounted to an average of 3,756 passengers per weekday.[44]

Notes

  1. ^ The subway cars on the IND were built to be 60 feet (18.3 m) long. These cars typically operated in 10-car trains, with an entire train length being 600 feet (182.9 m). When platforms at stations such as 75th Avenue were lengthened to accommodate 11-car trains, the platforms had to be extended an additional car length, or 60 feet, making the platform at least 660 feet (201.2 m) long.[17]: 185 

References

  1. ^ "Glossary". Second Avenue Subway Supplemental Draft Environmental Impact Statement (SDEIS) (PDF). Vol. 1. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. March 4, 2003. pp. 1–2. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 26, 2021. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Annual Subway Ridership (2018–2023)". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2023. Retrieved April 20, 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Facts and Figures: Annual Subway Ridership". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved April 19, 2016.
  4. ^ "NEW SUBWAY ROUTES IN HYLAN PROGRAM TO COST $186,046,000". The New York Times. March 21, 1925. p. 1. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
  5. ^ "TWO SUBWAY LINKS OPENED IN QUEENS". The New York Times. August 19, 1933. p. 13. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
  6. ^ "CITY SUBWAY OPENS QUEENS LINK TODAY". The New York Times. December 31, 1936. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  7. ^ "OPENING MOVED UP FOR NEW SUBWAY". The New York Times. December 26, 1936. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  8. ^ "104 STATION SITES FOR CITY'S SUBWAYS CHOSEN BY BOARD". The New York Times. June 2, 1930. Retrieved October 27, 2015.
  9. ^ Kern-Jedrychowska, Ewa (April 16, 2015). "Streets With 2 Names Cause 'Chronic' 911 Problems, Official Says". DNAinfo.com. Retrieved October 27, 2015.
  10. ^ "NEW SUBWAY TO ADD 2 NEEDED SERVICES; Opening of 6th Ave. Line to Provide Uptown Local Route and More Queens Expresses". The New York Times. December 2, 1939. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  11. ^ a b Marks, Seymour (January 20, 1959). "Phantom Subway: Ideal Spot to Park". Long Island Star-Journal. Fultonhistory.com. p. 3. Retrieved August 12, 2016.
  12. ^ "SUBWAY LINK AIDS REALTY ACTIVITY". The New York Times. March 7, 1937. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  13. ^ Hirshon, Nicholas (2013). Forest Hills. Arcadia Publishing. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-7385-9785-0.
  14. ^ Copquin, Claudia Gryvatz (2007). The Neighborhoods of Queens. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-11299-8.
  15. ^ "DEMAND IS NOTED FOR QUEENS HOMES". The New York Times. July 18, 1937. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  16. ^ Myers, Steven Lee (June 14, 1992). "Life Beyond the Subway Is Subject to Its Own Disruptions". The New York Times. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  17. ^ Sansone, Gene (2004-10-25). New York Subways: An Illustrated History of New York City's Transit Cars. JHU Press. ISBN 9780801879227.
  18. ^ a b Ingalls, Leonard (August 28, 1953). "2 Subway Lines to Add Cars, Another to Speed Up Service". New York Times. Retrieved January 25, 2016.
  19. ^ Proceedings. New York Board of Transportation. 1951 – via Google Books.
  20. ^ Report. New York City Transit Authority. 1953.
  21. ^ a b Dougherty, Peter (2002). "NYC Track Map Book Page 50 Queens F" (PDF). nyctrackmapbook.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 6, 2003. Retrieved July 3, 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  22. ^ a b "E Subway Timetable, Effective April 1, 2024". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  23. ^ a b "F Subway Timetable, Effective June 30, 2024". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  24. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). The 75th Ave tiled text a tile width below the lime green trim with a black border (image).
  25. ^ a b Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). A name tablet with a mosaic arrow for the exit to 75th Ave (image).
  26. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). Looking down an empty Manhattan-bound platform at 75th Ave (image).
  27. ^ NYCSubwaySystem (June 26, 2012). NYC Subway: 75 Avenue, F Train. Retrieved December 6, 2016 (The platform sign showing the name as "75 Av-Puritan Av" can be seen at the 0:09 mark of the video, and an entrance sign showing this name can be seen at the 2:18 mark){{cite AV media}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  28. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "A view of a closed staircase up to the mezzanine at 75th Ave". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  29. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (January 3, 2012). "The closed off extreme eastern end of the mezzanine". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  30. ^ a b Cox, Jeremiah (January 2, 2013). "Approaching the token booth on the middle mezzanine". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  31. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "A view of the turnstiles in the center of the station from the Manhattan-bound side of the mezzanine, nowhere near an exit to the street". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  32. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (January 3, 2012). "Two high turnstiles to the 75 Road exit". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  33. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "A view of the High Entrance/Exit gates to the 75 Avenue exit, this means passengers don't have to walk the equivalent of 1/2 way down a platform length to find turnstiles to enter the system". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  34. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "A mosaic sign outside of fare control for 75th Ave/N Side Queens Blvd". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  35. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (January 3, 2012). "Mosaic for 75th Ave. and the S. Side Queens Blvd". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  36. ^ "Neighborhood Map Kew Gardens, Forest Hills, Kew Gardens Hills, Hillcrest, Briarwood, Richmond Hill" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transport`ation Authority. 2015. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
  37. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "Another view down the Manhattan-bound side of the mezzanine at 75th Avenue, the cheep-looking chain link fence painted white that separates it from the area outside of fare control is visible". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  38. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (January 3, 2012). "The Jamaica-bound platform is exit only near the exits". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
  39. ^ a b Marrero, Robert (January 1, 2017). "472 Stations, 850 Miles" (PDF). B24 Blog, via Dropbox. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  40. ^ "Review of F Line Operations, Ridership, and Infrastructure" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. October 7, 2009. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  41. ^ a b Dougherty, Peter (2020). Tracks of the New York City Subway 2020 (16th ed.). Dougherty. OCLC 1056711733.
  42. ^ Linsky, Alan. "A Picture History of Kew Gardens, NY – Queens Boulevard Rapid Transit". www.oldkewgardens.com. Kew Gardens Civic Association Incorporated. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  43. ^ Burks, Edward C. (April 20, 1975). "Ridership on Queens Subways Down". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
  44. ^ "Facts and Figures: Weekday Ridership". mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
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