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Abhinandan Varthaman

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Wing Commander

Abhinandan Varthaman
BornTamil Nadu, India
AllegianceIndia India
Service / branch Indian Air Force
Years of service2004 to present
RankWing Commander
Service number27981[1]
Battles / wars2019 India–Pakistan standoff
An IAF MiG-21 Bison

Abhinandan Varthaman is a wing-commander in the Indian Air Force.[2][3] In the 2019 India-Pakistan standoff, he was held for three days under captivity in Pakistan after his aircraft was shot down in an aerial dogfight.[4]

Early life and career

Abhinandan's family hails from Thirupanamoor, a village about 19km from Kanchipuram.[5] His father, Simhakutty Varthaman, retired as an Air Marshal (OF-8) in the Indian Air Force while his mother is a doctor by profession.[6][7] Abhinandan is married to a retired IAF Squadron leader and lives in Chennai.[8][9]

A graduate of the National Defence Academy, he was commissioned into the combat (fighter) stream of the Indian Air Force as a flying officer on 19 June 2004.[10] He was trained at the IAF centres in Bathinda and Halwara. He was a Su-30 MKI fighter pilot before being assigned to the MiG-21 Bison squadron.[8]

Capture

On 27 February 2019, Varthaman was flying a MiG-21 as a part of a sortie that was scrambled to intercept an intrusion by Pakistan aircraft into Jammu and Kashmir. In the dogfight that ensued, he crossed into Pakistan territory where he was struck by a missile. Varthaman ejected and descended safely in the village of Horran in Azad Kashmir, approximately 7 km from the Line of Control.[11][12]

It was claimed by local villagers that Varthaman could be identified as an Indian pilot by the Indian flag on his parachute.[11] Upon landing, Varthaman asked the villagers if he was in India, to which a young boy replied in the affirmative.[11] Varthaman reportedly followed up with pro-India slogans and asked for drinking water while informing the locals of a back injury. The locals responded with pro-Pakistan slogans, after which Varthaman began to run while firing warning shots. He ran for approximately 500 metres, to a small pond, where he attempted to sink and swallow some of his documents. Subsequently, he was captured and manhandled by the villagers before being rescued by the Pakistan Army.[13][12]

The following day, the Indian Ministry of External Affairs confirmed that an Indian pilot was missing in action after a MiG-21 Bison fighter plane was lost while engaging with Pakistani jets.[14][15][16] A statement released by the IAF also said that prior to his MiG's crashing, he had managed to shoot down a PAF Lockheed Martin F-16.[17][18][19] Pakistan's Inter-Services Public Relations Director General refuted the later claims and asserted that F-16s were not used at all.[20]

Videos

Videos and images released by Pakistani authorities showed Varthaman being rescued from a violent mob by Pakistani soldiers[21], being interrogated while tied and blindfolded with a bloody face.[13][21] Another showed him being further interrogated over tea.[13][21][13] The media received mixed reception with some criticising them as a "vulgar display" whilst others praised the intervention of the Pakistani soldiers when Varthaman was in the hands of the mob.[21] The release of these videos were suspected of being a violation of the Geneva Conventions and were deleted by Pakistani authorities after they went viral.[22] However experts differed whether the Geneva Convention applies in this case.[23] In the first few videos, Varthaman did not divulge any details other than his name, his rank and that he was a Hindu.[citation needed]

Repatriation and subsequent developments

Wagha border

On 28 February 2019, Prime Minister of Pakistan Imran Khan announced at a joint sitting of the Parliament of Pakistan that the government had decided to release Abhinandan the next day as a "gesture of peace".[24] A petition was filed before the Islamabad High Court seeking an injunction to stop his release but was dismissed by the court the same day.[25] Shah Mehmood Qureshi, the Foreign Minister of Pakistan said that his government announced the release of the IAF Wing Commander out of a desire for peace and there was no compulsion or pressure on Pakistan; as was implied by the Indian media.[26]

Varthaman crossed the India-Pakistan border at Wagah on 1 March 2019.[27][28][29] Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi welcomed the release of Abhinandan at a political rally, asserting that the nation was proud of him.[30] Hours before his release, a fresh video was released to the Pakistani media which showed Varthaman praising the Pakistani army while criticizing the Indian media. The video appeared to be heavily edited and the IAF later claimed that the video was shot under duress.[31][32][33][34] A medical check-up upon his return located multiple bruises and a fractured rib but no 'significant injuries'.[35] Abhinandan said that the Pakistani authorities did not physically torture him but subjected him to considerable "mental harassment".[36]

Akhil Bharatiya Digambar Jain Mahasamiti has announced that he will be awarded the ‘Bhagwan Mahavir Ahimsa Puraskar’ on April 17, on Mahavir Jayanthi.[37]

Moustache

Abhinandan moustache

Varthaman's moustache has become trendy in India. It is a combination of a classic gunslinger moustache and mutton chop beard. It is now widely called the "Abhinandan-cut" in India.[38]

See also

References

  1. ^ "#Abhinandan विंग कमांडर अभिनंदन के बारे में अब तक ये पता है". BBC.
  2. ^ Dawn.com (28 February 2019). "2 Indian aircraft violating Pakistani airspace shot down; 2 pilots arrested". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
  3. ^ "Saved From Pakistani Mob, Downed Indian Pilot Becomes Face of Kashmir Crisis". The New York Times. 27 February 2019.
  4. ^ "Pakistan hands back captured Indian pilot". 1 March 2019 – via www.bbc.com.
  5. ^ "Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman trained at IAF, Tambaram". Deccan Chronicle. 28 February 2019.
  6. ^ "Pilot Abhinandan Profile, Family, All you need to know about IAF Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman". timesnownews.com.
  7. ^ "Cheers, Claps For Pilot Abhinandan Varthaman's Parents On Flight To Delhi". NDTV. 1 March 2019.
  8. ^ a b "Profile of a true HERO – All you need to know about Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman". Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  9. ^ "Abhinandan Varthaman carries a legacy of courage, grace, valour". India Today. 1 March 2019.
  10. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Air Branch)". The Gazette of India. 30 September 2006. p. 1371.
  11. ^ a b c Khan, M. Ilyas (1 March 2019). "Fighter pilot 'opened fire' before capture" – via www.bbc.com.
  12. ^ a b "Abhinandan raised slogans, tried to destroy documents just before being captured in Pak (BBC Hindi)". 28 February 2019 – via YouTube.
  13. ^ a b c d Gettleman, Jeffrey; Raj, Suhasini (1 March 2019). "Pakistan Frees Indian Pilot Who Was Beaten by a Mob and Then Served Tea" – via NYTimes.com.
  14. ^ "India-Pak Tensions LIVE: IAF Wing Commander Missing After MiG-21 Crash, Pakistan Claims He is in Their Custody, Says Govt". News18. 27 February 2019. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
  15. ^ Khan, M. Ilyas (1 March 2019). "Fighter pilot 'opened fire' before capture" – via www.bbc.com.
  16. ^ Feb 27, Thomson Reuters · Posted:; February 27, 2019 6:39 PM ET. "Saved from a Pakistani mob, a downed Indian pilot becomes the face of the Kashmir crisis". cbc.ca. CBC News. {{cite news}}: |first1= has generic name (help); Text "Last Updated:" ignored (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  17. ^ "'Abhinandan Varthaman is first IAF pilot to down an F-16': Air Chief Marshal S Krishnaswamy". https://www.hindustantimes.com/. 3 March 2019. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)
  18. ^ "Enough evidence to show Pak used F16s, 'disinformation' by Pak: Indian Air Force". News Laundry. 1 March 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  19. ^ Pubby, Manu (28 February 2019). "Abhinandan Varthaman's MiG21 locked in Pakistan's F16". Economic Times. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  20. ^ "Pakistan army refutes Indian claims of downing F-16; says Pakistan doesn't want war". 27 February 2019.
  21. ^ a b c d Gettleman, Jeffrey; Raj, Suhasini (1 March 2019). "Pakistan Frees Indian Pilot Who Was Beaten by a Mob and Then Served Tea" – via NYTimes.com.
  22. ^ Casiano, Louis (27 February 2019). "Pakistan may have violated Geneva Conventions after posting video of captured pilot". Fox News.
  23. ^ "Geneva Convention: Experts differ over immunity to Indian pilot". The News International. 28 February 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  24. ^ "PM announces release of Indian pilot Abhinandan as 'peace gesture'". Ary News. 28 February 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  25. ^ "IHC dismisses petition challenging release of Indian pilot". The Express Tribune. 1 March 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  26. ^ Dawn.com (2 March 2019). "No compulsion or pressure to release Abhinandan, did it for peace: Qureshi". DAWN. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  27. ^ Dawn.com (1 March 2019). "Captured IAF pilot handed over to officials in Delhi". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  28. ^ "Abhinandan: Captured Indian pilot handed back by Pakistan". BBC News.
  29. ^ Gettleman, Jeffrey; Raj, Suhasini (1 March 2019). "Pakistan Frees Indian Pilot Who Was Beaten by a Mob and Then Served Tea". The New York Times.
  30. ^ "PM Modi welcomes IAF pilot Abhinandan, says 'nation proud of your exemplary courage'". The Times of India. 1 March 2019.
  31. ^ "Subjected to mental harassment by ISI, says IAF Wing Commander Abhinandan - News - Times of India Videos". The Times of India.
  32. ^ "Abhinandan's video was recorded in captivity under duress: IAF - Times of India". The Times of India.
  33. ^ "Pakistan's propaganda video of Indian pilot Abhinandan had at least 16 cuts".
  34. ^ "Abhinandan Varthaman Says He Was Mentally Harassed In Pakistan: Report". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  35. ^ Gurung, Shaurya Karanbir (2 March 2019). "Abhinandan is back but with a rib fracture and some bruises". The Economic Times.
  36. ^ "Abhinandan Varthaman Says He Was Mentally Harassed In Pakistan: Report". NDTV.com. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  37. ^ "IAF pilot Abhinandan Varthaman to be awarded with Bhagwan Mahavir Ahimsa Puraskar". https://www.hindustantimes.com/. 3 March 2019. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)
  38. ^ CNN, Manveena Suri. "Indian pilot returns home a hero and sparks mustache trend". CNN. Retrieved 4 March 2019. {{cite news}}: |last1= has generic name (help)
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